[Digestion] Inoculation

Edward Matos edward.matos at shambatechnologies.com
Sat Oct 2 05:15:35 CDT 2010


Gasan,

 

Thanks for your insight into your research on how yeast aids biodigestion. Is there any peer reviewed literature available on this? I would be interested in seeing some numbers.

 

Thanks,

 

Ed

 

 

From: digestion-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces at lists.bioenergylists.org] On Behalf Of Gasan Osojnik
Sent: 02 October 2010 12:52
To: digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
Subject: Re: [Digestion] Inoculation

 

 The use of yeast in the production of biomethane is beneficiary, hence this is a easily biodegradable substrate. However, the high concentration of nitrogen lowers the biomethane production potential, and a carbon-rich co-substrate is therefore neccesary to gain optimal biogas yield.

In our research, yeast hydrolyzed with the use of different techniques showed lower producztion of biogas than those where viable yeast was used. This suggests, that yeasts actively contribute to the production. As the yeasts transform fermentable sugars to ethanol, they probably aid the methanogenic community with supplying an additional methabolic pathway (that is until they are themselves degraded in the process).

Methanogens themselves are not present in the yeast community, so the acceleration of the start-up procedure must be due to the described effects. 

Regarding the question of existent inoculates, the start-up is much more efficient, if the inoculate is fresh - do you have any option of transporting fresh biomass from other operating digestors to your site? The local methanogenic communities are already adapted to the "environment" and by taking the inoculant from appropriate digesters, you can choose form digesters with similar substrates... Here in Slovenia one of the big biogas farms has made their start-up with the aid of liophilized inoculant they acquired from US, yet I am anaware of their succesfullness. I mean. the biogas plant operates sucessfully, but I am unsure, if the inoculant accelerated the process. If you like, I can ask them for some feedback.

Baker/brewers yeast are tippically of the same species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the strains can be different.

BR, Gasan

 

 

Ilja Gasan OSOJNIK ČRNIVEC

 



 

National Institute of Chemistry

Hajdrihova 19

SI-1001 Ljubljana

 

Tel.: (01) 47 60 358

       (01) 47 60 200

Fax: (01) 47 60 300

 

www.ki.si/en

 

The National Institute of Chemistry is a public research institution engaged in public service, science, research and development activities. The Public Information Catalog is available online at  <http://www.ki.si/en/about-the-institute/katalog-ijz/> http://www.ki.si/en/about-the-institute/katalog-ijz/.

 

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Today's Topics:

  1. Re: Costs of different household biodigesters (David)
  2. subscribe (Ted Mathews)
  3. Re: Costs of different household biodigesters (Alexander Eaton)
  4. Re: Inoculation (Alexander Eaton)


----------------------------------------------------------------------

Message: 1
Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2010 23:08:18 -0700
From: David <david at h4c.org>
To: Alexander Eaton <alex at sistemabiobolsa.com>
Cc: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
       <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: Re: [Digestion] Costs of different household biodigesters
Message-ID: <4CA2D7D2.5070505 at h4c.org>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"; Format="flowed"


Alex,

On 9/28/2010 8:55 PM, Alexander Eaton wrote:
> Hi david,
>
> For whom is the .75 m3 designed?  What feedstock or waste stream makes
> sense at such a small size?  I understand that even the arti folks
> found a functional floor at about twice that size.

It's a pico- or femto-sized digester (or more accurately digester
kit), to be sure. My purpose in making it is to illustrate some
manufacturing/construction techniques for the workshops, and in a
larger context, to make progress on very, very low cost designs. I'll
probably be posting more about this as things advance, but as yet they
are in a very early state, as my message implied.

I would imagine that most folks would be feeding it kitchen wastes and
similar, and the possibility exists that it could provide much or even
all one's cooking fuel, in the proper circumstances. (That is, if we
assume that a digester using this kit, kept at body temp, can produce
1 vol biogas per vol digester per day, then we come into the range
often quoted for cooking fuel needs for a small family: 0.75 cu m/day.)

I call it a kit because it needs to be provided with a shelter, etc.,
or to put it another way, it is not a complete digester /system/. Thus
I would also highlight the point you made, that the price I quote does
not include gas collection, nor a stove, etc. and in that regard would
not be directly comparable to some other prices quoted in response to
the Ivo's question.


d.
--
David William House
"The Complete Biogas Handbook" |www.completebiogas.com <http://www.completebiogas.com/> |
/Vahid Biogas/, an alternative energy consultancy |www.vahidbiogas.com <http://www.vahidbiogas.com/> 

|
"Make no search for water.       But find thirst,
And water from the very ground will burst."
(Rumi, a Persian mystic poet, quoted in /Delight of Hearts/, p. 77)

http://bahai.us/
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Message: 2
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2010 07:14:13 -0500
From: "Ted Mathews" <Ted.Mathews at GreenEnergiesUSA.com>
To: <Digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: [Digestion] subscribe
Message-ID: <B83F4416C22F034FBDF3C192DADA29CE345C79 at rowdy>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Please add me to the new list.



Ted Mathews

Green Energy Group

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Message: 3
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2010 07:27:51 -0500
From: Alexander Eaton <alex at sistemabiobolsa.com>
To: david at h4c.org, For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
       <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: Re: [Digestion] Costs of different household biodigesters
Message-ID:
       <AANLkTinvZjaey1VM4c-rovxggJEg2mbzUc7nGaX3tkk0 at mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

IrrI has been offering biogas courses for about 5 years, and I have
had students build hundred of small digester models, but I can never
seem to find the balance between an in-class exercise and a system
that would be take home and functional.  Sure they make gas and
illustrate the concept, but if it had a longer and more functional use
(urban) they would be that much better.  Anymore info on the model and
functional feedstocks at that size we would be really helpful and
would help the educational efforts.

Cheers

A

On 9/29/10, David <david at h4c.org> wrote:
>
> Alex,
>
> On 9/28/2010 8:55 PM, Alexander Eaton wrote:
>> Hi david,
>>
>> For whom is the .75 m3 designed?  What feedstock or waste stream makes
>> sense at such a small size?  I understand that even the arti folks
>> found a functional floor at about twice that size.
>
> It's a pico- or femto-sized digester (or more accurately digester
> kit), to be sure. My purpose in making it is to illustrate some
> manufacturing/construction techniques for the workshops, and in a
> larger context, to make progress on very, very low cost designs. I'll
> probably be posting more about this as things advance, but as yet they
> are in a very early state, as my message implied.
>
> I would imagine that most folks would be feeding it kitchen wastes and
> similar, and the possibility exists that it could provide much or even
> all one's cooking fuel, in the proper circumstances. (That is, if we
> assume that a digester using this kit, kept at body temp, can produce
> 1 vol biogas per vol digester per day, then we come into the range
> often quoted for cooking fuel needs for a small family: 0.75 cu m/day.)
>
> I call it a kit because it needs to be provided with a shelter, etc.,
> or to put it another way, it is not a complete digester /system/. Thus
> I would also highlight the point you made, that the price I quote does
> not include gas collection, nor a stove, etc. and in that regard would
> not be directly comparable to some other prices quoted in response to
> the Ivo's question.
>
>
> d.
> --
> David William House
> "The Complete Biogas Handbook" |www.completebiogas.com <http://www.completebiogas.com/> |
> /Vahid Biogas/, an alternative energy consultancy |www.vahidbiogas.com <http://www.vahidbiogas.com/> 
>
> |
> "Make no search for water.       But find thirst,
> And water from the very ground will burst."
> (Rumi, a Persian mystic poet, quoted in /Delight of Hearts/, p. 77)
>
> http://bahai.us/
>

--
Sent from my mobile device

Alexander Eaton
Presidente
Sistema Biobolsa

Mex cel: (55) 11522786
US cel: 970 275 4505
alex at sistemabiobolsa.com
alexanderb.eaton at gmail.com
sistemabiobolsa.com <http://sistemabiobolsa.com/> 
www.irrimexico.org <http://www.irrimexico.org/> 



------------------------------

Message: 4
Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2010 07:33:28 -0500
From: Alexander Eaton <alex at sistemabiobolsa.com>
To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
       <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
Subject: Re: [Digestion] Inoculation
Message-ID:
       <AANLkTind7bEq4Gv7rKf2XM42s_kZqYN4B-BiGnUa733T at mail.gmail.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

Jaime has suggested baking/brewing yeast (is there a big difference?).
 There must be a way to keep the bacteria alive in the digester
effluent, while also reducing the effluent volume and improving the
portability.  Maybe a combination of the two things?  This seems like
a useful area of inquiry.  I did, however, assume that someone out
there already had this nailed down...anyone else!?

Saludos,

A

On 9/29/10, Greg Austin <greg.austin at agama.co.za> wrote:
> Hi
>
> We have a similar problem here with our small digesters, and typically
> use cow manure as a starter.  We have also looked into the tablets,
> and yes they are enzymes, and really don't do what's required.  Sorry
> not to be able to offer a solution, but hope someone else can provide
> ideas?!
>
> Regards
>
> --
>
> Greg Austin
> AGAMA Biogas (Pty) Ltd
> T       +27 21 7013364
> F       +27 21 7024920
> E       greg.austin at agama.co.za
> W     www.agama.co.za <http://www.agama.co.za/> 
> W     www.biogaspro.com <http://www.biogaspro.com/> 
>
> On 29 Sep 2010, at 4:47 AM, digestion-request at lists.bioenergylists.org
> wrote:
>
>> Send Digestion mailing list submissions to
>>      digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>
>> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
>>      http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org
>>
>> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
>>      digestion-request at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>
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>>
>> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
>> than "Re: Contents of Digestion digest..."
>>
>>
>> Today's Topics:
>>
>>   1. Re: Inoculation for Small Digesters (Marc de Piolenc)
>>   2. Re: Costs of different household biodigesters (Eric Buysman)
>>
>>
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 1
>> Date: Wed, 29 Sep 2010 10:44:58 +0800
>> From: Marc de Piolenc <piolenc at archivale.com>
>> To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
>>      <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
>> Subject: Re: [Digestion] Inoculation for Small Digesters
>> Message-ID: <4CA2A82A.1060105 at archivale.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
>>
>> The tablets are probably enzymes, when what you need are the
>> microorganisms that produced the enzymes. You may need to produce your
>> own packaged inoculant, but if you succeed you may have a marketable
>> product. Research is the first step; find out the techniques used in
>> microbiological laboratories for culturing and preserving the
>> organisms
>> you need, then see if they all have a common preservation medium.
>>
>> Best,
>> Marc de Piolenc
>> Iligan City, Philippines
>>
>> Archivale catalog: http://www.archivale.com/catalog
>> Polymath weblog: http://www.archivale.com/weblog
>> Translation services: http://www.proz.com/profile/639380
>> Ducted fans: http://massflow.archivale.com/
>>
>> On 9/29/2010 1:07 AM, Alexander Eaton wrote:
>>> HI All,
>>>
>>> We have been doing our systems start (for small household scale
>>> digesters) with the paunch waste from slaughterhouses, adding 50-100
>>> liters of the waste along with manure and water as an initial charge.
>>> Transporting this waste (wet, heavy, and a bit nasty) is a bit of a
>>> pain.  My technicians keeping hinting at better incolculant
>>> solutions,
>>> and I would like to see if there is anyone out there making really
>>> effective inoculates (or knows how to make them) that are dry,
>>> simple to
>>> apply, but really effective in starting a digester.  Efficient and
>>> fast
>>> start-up is a really crucial aspect of technology adoptions, and
>>> using
>>> effluent from functioning digesters or the paunch waste has
>>> produced the
>>> best results for us as far as start-up rates.  We have seen a brand
>>> of
>>> tablets for septic tanks, but we have not found them to improve
>>> start-up
>>> times as compared with straight manure.  Thanks in advance.
>>>
>>> Saludos,
>>>
>>> A
>>>
>>> --
>>> Alexander Eaton
>>> Sistema Biobolsa
>>> IRRI-Mexico
>>>
>>> Mex cel: (55) 11522786
>>> US cel: 970 275 4505
>>>
>>> alex at sistemabiobolsa.com <mailto:alex at sistemabiobolsa.com>
>>> alexanderb.eaton at gmail.com <mailto:alexanderb.eaton at gmail.com>
>>> sistemabiobolsa.com <http://sistemabiobolsa.com/>  <http://sistemabiobolsa.com <http://sistemabiobolsa.com/> >
>>> www.irrimexico.org <http://www.irrimexico.org/>  <http://www.irrimexico.org <http://www.irrimexico.org/> >
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Digestion mailing list
>>> Digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org
>>
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
>> Message: 2
>> Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2010 19:47:36 -0700 (PDT)
>> From: Eric Buysman <ericishier at yahoo.com>
>> To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
>>      <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org>
>> Subject: Re: [Digestion] Costs of different household biodigesters
>> Message-ID: <6976.126.qm at web33805.mail.mud.yahoo.com>
>> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>>
>> Dear all,
>>
>> The investment costs (part paid by the farmer) in Cambodia are as
>> follows:
>>
>> Plant size 4 m3 6 m3 8 m3 10 m3 15 m3
>> Estimated cost   (USD)* 400 470 550 625 890
>> Subsidy (USD) 150 150 150 150 150
>>
>> The digester model is a modified version of the  Deenbandhu
>> digester, a fixed
>> dome digester. The digester have a 2 year warranty and last
>> typically for 15-20
>> years.
>>
>> On top of that users receive a flat rate subsidy of $150, which
>> originates from
>> carbon finance. The program costs are, I believe, now $250 per
>> biogas plants.
>> This is a joint SNV- Cambodian government programme.
>>
>> In Vietnam the costs are almost 1 million VND per m3, that is around
>> $50/m3
>> digester volume, on top of that farmers receive a flat rate $50
>> subsidy. Their
>> digester model is based on the Chinese dome digester.
>>
>> Cheers,
>>
>> Eric
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> ________________________________
>> From: Alexander Eaton <alex at sistemabiobolsa.com>
>> To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion
>> <digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>> >
>> Sent: Wed, September 29, 2010 7:48:18 AM
>> Subject: Re: [Digestion] Costs of different household biodigesters
>>
>> HI All,
>>
>> We have reinforced polyethylene geomembrane digester in a variety of
>> sizes that
>> come as a "kit" with all connections, biogas reservoir, geo-textil
>> ground liner,
>> gas management systems with high pressure relief valve and filter,
>> and simpler
>> burner.  The system can be installed in the ground or above ground,
>> and the
>> material has a 20 year guarantee.  We service and guarantee the
>> systems for two
>> years, and offer low cost service for the life of the system
>> (currently only in
>> Mexico).  There may be additional costs associated with a roof or
>> greenhouse
>> structure for the digester.  Note that Jaime has also included the
>> price of a
>> greenhouse cover for the Bolivia systems, which many others leave
>> out.  Our
>> intention is no use of concrete, but sometimes there is a bit of
>> work needed to
>> make the pig-pen or stable drain adequately to the digester.  Retail
>> prices (all
>> in) are below, and the sizes refer to m3.  We have made systems of 1
>> and 2 m3
>> for test purposes, but these are not much less expensive than that
>> of 4 meters
>> as the entrance and exits cost the same and our asembly labor is
>> nearly the same
>> as well (therefore larger systems are less expensive per m3).  From
>> these prices
>> we offer discounts for good programs, low income families, and for
>> higher
>> quantities purchased.
>>
>>
>>
>> Bolsa Sizes  Costo (MXN) Costo (US$)
>> 4 $9,292 $743
>> 8 $12,802 $1,024
>> 12 $16,312 $1,305
>> 16 $19,823 $1,586
>> 20 $20,515 $1,641
>> 30 $28,813 $2,305
>>
>> We also built a lot of regular plastic digesters in the style of Jaime
>> (Taiwanese or Preston Digester), and the costs in Mexico (same
>> components,
>> double layer bag), were only about 10-20% lower.  This is higher
>> than Jaime has
>> shown, which could be because of higher material prices in Mexico.
>>
>>
>> For SNV's program in Africa, their prices for the concrete dome
>> digesters were
>> nearly identical for those I listed above.  We are quite a bit
>> cheaper overall
>> as our system requires only a couple hours (one technician installs
>> 3 per day)
>> versus a week of construction.  Also, our materials prices are much
>> cheaper at
>> higher volumes.
>>
>>
>> It is important to note that it can be very misleading to state
>> "costs" for
>> these types of systems.  These sorts of speculations often seem to
>> project the
>> idea that someone is building the system in their backyard, and
>> therefore it is
>> appropriate to externalize many of the costs.  When installing the
>> "appropriate
>> tech" style bag digester, there are a few days of installation
>> preparation, plus
>> acquisition of materials, etc.  Just pulling off the price tag of
>> the materials
>> often does not appropriately encapsulate the full cost of the
>> installation.
>> This tends to set up false expectations to those who would like to
>> promote the
>> technology, or when a government wants to spend to have them
>> installed.  I
>> beleive (please comment Jaime) that the Bolivia program has a
>> subsidy in place
>> for installation, transport, and labor, which is crucial to
>> consider.  The
>> families are also required to supply certain materials and labor for
>> the
>> installation.
>>
>>
>> I also have a full study of Life Cycle Costs, which is arguably a
>> better measure
>> of the cost of a system that you want to last a long time.  With a
>> longer
>> projected life span (and repairability), geomembrane digesters were
>> about 40%
>> less expensive over a 10 year span than lower quality plastic
>> systems.  Dome
>> digester tend to hold their value longer in some cases, but there is
>> a higher
>> abandonment rate due to slow gas leaks that reduce end user
>> satisfaction.
>>
>>
>> Saludos,
>>
>> A
>>
>>
>>
>> On Tue, Sep 28, 2010 at 6:03 PM, Jaime Marti Herrero
>> <tallerbiogas at hotmail.com
>> >
>> wrote:
>>
>> Hi
>>> plugflow digester made of tubular polyethilene cost in Bolivia:
>>> -For cold climate : 230 us$ with 6.5m3 of liquid volume, green
>>> house, three
>>> biogas reservoirs, and one bunner
>>> -For valley climate: 185 us$ with 3,5m3 of liquid volume, 66% sun
>>> cover, two
>>> biogas reservoirs and one bunner
>>> -For tropical climate 168 us$ witk 3 m3 of  liquid volume, 66% sun
>>> cover, two
>>> biogas reservoirs and one bunner
>>> all of are load with 20kg of fresh cow manure and 60 liters of
>>> water per day,
>>> producing about 700 liters of biogas per day.
>>>
>>> We have done 1m3 tubular polyethilene digester for research
>>> considerations using
>>> 2m circunference plastic and 4,8 meters long. i dont have the cost
>>> because a
>>> plastic factory donate this material to our laboratory.
>>>
>>> i hope this helps
>>> keep in touch
>>> jaime
>>> -----
>>> Jaime Mart? Herrero
>>>
>>>
>>> Technical advisor of biogas for the GTZ-Bolivia
>>> CIMNE (www.cimne.com <http://www.cimne.com/> )
>>> Building Energy and Environment Group
>>> International research cooperation area
>>> La Paz ? Bolivia
>>> Tel. (+591)-73 090 621
>>>
>>>
>>> BIOGAS AND BOLIVIA
>>> -Taller Biogas Bolivia
>>> http://tallerbiogas.blogspot.com <http://tallerbiogas.blogspot.com/> 
>>> -Video: Biodigester installation in bolivian Altiplano
>>> http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=3Sl0XEN5Bgo
>>> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vs0JuV8WD_c
>>> -Manual gratuito-Biodigestores familiares: Gu?a de dise?o y manual de
>>> instalaci?n
>>> http://www.upc.edu/grecdh/pdf/2008_JMH_Guia_biodigestores.pdf
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> ________________________________
>> Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2010 10:50:06 -0700
>>> From: ivomdb at gmail.com
>>>
>>> To: digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>> Subject: [Digestion] Costs of different household biodigesters
>>>
>>>
>>> Hi all,
>>>
>>> I would like to know if anyone knows or have a good estimate of the
>>> cost of the
>>> following small scale biodigesters:
>>>
>>> 1- Plug-flow polyethylene biodigester type (like the ones in
>>> Bolivia) (between
>>> 1-10 m3).... I don't know if it's possible to build one with such
>>> small size
>>> like 1m3
>>> 2- Chinese fixed-dome (between 1m3-10 m3)
>>> 3- ARTI type biodigester (1-2 m3)
>>>
>>> Thanks,
>>>
>>> Ivo Oliveira
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________ Digestion mailing
>>> list
>>> Digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Digestion mailing list
>>> Digestion at lists.bioenergylists.org
>>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Alexander Eaton
>> Sistema Biobolsa
>> IRRI-Mexico
>>
>> Mex cel: (55) 11522786
>> US cel: 970 275 4505
>>
>> alex at sistemabiobolsa.com
>> alexanderb.eaton at gmail.com
>> sistemabiobolsa.com <http://sistemabiobolsa.com/> 
>> www.irrimexico.org <http://www.irrimexico.org/> 
>>
>>
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>> _______________________________________________
>> Digestion mailing list
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>> http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org
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>>
>> End of Digestion Digest, Vol 1, Issue 17
>> ****************************************
>
>

--
Sent from my mobile device

Alexander Eaton
Presidente
Sistema Biobolsa

Mex cel: (55) 11522786
US cel: 970 275 4505
alex at sistemabiobolsa.com
alexanderb.eaton at gmail.com
sistemabiobolsa.com <http://sistemabiobolsa.com/> 
www.irrimexico.org <http://www.irrimexico.org/> 



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