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hi <br>in bolivia we have some kind of camels.... the 'llama' http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llama<br>Rene Alvarez from Public University of La Paz (UMSA) has publish some paper about the ultimate production of biogas from llama dung on laboratory conditions:<br>http://swepub.kb.se/bib/swepub:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:421430?tab2=abs&language=en<br><br>it is a good substrate to obtain biogas. the problem is that have about 75-85% TS, so need to mixed with more water tham use to be with cow or pig manure. and in the places where one can get llama or camel dung use to be places with out much water.<br><br>We are doing now an experiment in real altiplano conditions (Cold Climate, 4000 meter over the sea level) to see the ultimate production of biogas from llama dung ... but not numbers yet, sorry.<br><br>keep in touch<br>jaime<br><br>-----<br><b>Jaime Martí Herrero</b><br>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Calibri"><em>Technical advisor of biogas for the GTZ-Bolivia</em></font></font></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Calibri"><em>CIMNE (</em><a href="http://www.cimne.com/beegroup" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><font size="3">www.cimne.com</font></span></a>)</font></font></span></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Calibri">Building Energy and Environment Group</font></font></span></i></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><i><font size="3"><font face="Calibri">International research cooperation area</font></font></i></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3">La Paz · Bolivia</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><font face="Calibri"><font size="3">Tel. (+591)-73 090 621</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><font face="Calibri"> </font></p><font face="Calibri"></font>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal"><br><b>BIOGAS AND BOLIVIA</b><br>-Taller Biogas Bolivia<br>http://tallerbiogas.blogspot.com<br>-Video: Biodigester installation in bolivian Altiplano<br><a href="http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=3Sl0XEN5Bgo" target="_blank">http://es.youtube.com/watch?v=3Sl0XEN5Bgo</a><br><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vs0JuV8WD_c" target="_blank">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vs0JuV8WD_c</a></p>
<p style="line-height: normal;" class="ecxecxecxMsoNormal">-Manual gratuito-Biodigestores familiares: Guía de diseño y manual de instalación<br>http://www.upc.edu/grecdh/pdf/2008_JMH_Guia_biodigestores.pdf<br></p><br><br><br><br><hr id="stopSpelling">From: Yvonne.Voegeli@eawag.ch<br>To: digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org<br>Date: Thu, 28 Oct 2010 10:53:16 +0200<br>Subject: [Digestion] Dry fermentation in developing countries<br><br>
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<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Dear all,</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">I like to start a new discussion on a different topic,
namely the dry-fermentation process (discontinuous) similar to the digesters
developed by the companies Bekon or Bioferm in Germany. The organic waste is filled
batch-wise into simple garage-like digesters for about 30-40 days.</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Experts report that this process has a high potential for
application in developing countries as it has the simplest design and the solid
waste digesters are the least expensive ones. Also, substrates that lead to
operating problems during wet fermentation due to their structure or the
proportion of impurities they contain can still be processed using dry
fermentation methods. However, up to date, there is no experience with this
technology in developing countries. Therefore, our idea is to develop a
dry-fermentation biogas plant adapted to the situation in developing countries
using locally available material. </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">After visiting a Bekon biogas plant in Switzerland, I’m
especially concerned regarding the opening of the digester for emptying and
refilling. Before opening the door, the digester has to be vented in order to
avoid a gas-air-mixture which is explosive. This installation seems to me
rather complicated.</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">- Is anybody of you familiar with discontinuous dry-fermentation
systems and has an idea how the security can be assured in a developing country
context? Is it possible to install a simpler venting system?</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">- Likewise, when removing the drum from a floating-drum
digester for emptying, how is ensured that at no time an explosive
gas-air-mixture occurs?</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Thanks for your ideas,</span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Yvonne</span></font><font size="5"><span style="font-size: 18pt;"></span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman" size="5"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">°°°</span></font><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Yvonne Vögeli<br>
Eawag / Sandec<br>
Überlandstrasse 133<br>
P.O. Box 611<br>
8600 Dübendorf<br>
Switzerland<br>
Phone: +41 (0)44 823 54 20<br>
Fax: +41 (0)44 823 53 99<br>
yvonne.voegeli@eawag.ch<br>
</span></font><span lang="DE-CH"><a href="http://www.sandec.ch" target="_blank"><font face="Arial" size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="EN-US">http://www.sandec.ch</span></font></a></span><span lang="DE-CH"> </span></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"> </span></font></p>
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