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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2> Yvonne Hi! When you say developing
countries, what sort of construction materials are you thinking
of? Would old 20 tonne shipping containers be
available?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Are cement materias and tradesmen
skilled in cement plaster work readily available? What
about PVC tarpaulin cloth? Are there trucks on the roads that have
waterproof covers that can be strapped down over a
load? What is the local soil and terrain? Is it possible
to dig say 2-3 metres deep in the soil and get a smooth surface, or
is the terrain too soft and sandy to hold to the shape of a cistern
or trench dug in the soil? Is it too rocky to allow any sort of
digging at all? If you can home in a little more on the country side
and local skills available I can make several different
suggestions. Sincerely, Ken Calvert. <A
href="http://www.coffee.20m.com">www.coffee.20m.com</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT></DIV>
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<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=Yvonne.Voegeli@eawag.ch
href="mailto:Yvonne.Voegeli@eawag.ch">Voegeli, Yvonne</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org
href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, October 28, 2010 9:53
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [Digestion] Dry fermentation in
developing countries</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Dear
all,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I like to start a new discussion
on a different topic, namely the dry-fermentation process (discontinuous)
similar to the digesters developed by the companies Bekon or Bioferm in
Germany. The organic waste is filled batch-wise into simple garage-like
digesters for about 30-40 days.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Experts report that this process
has a high potential for application in developing countries as it has the
simplest design and the solid waste digesters are the least expensive ones.
Also, substrates that lead to operating problems during wet fermentation due
to their structure or the proportion of impurities they contain can still be
processed using dry fermentation methods. However, up to date, there is no
experience with this technology in developing countries. Therefore, our idea
is to develop a dry-fermentation biogas plant adapted to the situation in
developing countries using locally available material.
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">After visiting a Bekon biogas
plant in Switzerland, I’m especially concerned regarding the opening of the
digester for emptying and refilling. Before opening the door, the digester has
to be vented in order to avoid a gas-air-mixture which is explosive. This
installation seems to me rather complicated.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">- Is anybody of you familiar with
discontinuous dry-fermentation systems and has an idea how the security can be
assured in a developing country context? Is it possible to install a simpler
venting system?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">- Likewise, when removing the drum
from a floating-drum digester for emptying, how is ensured that at no time an
explosive gas-air-mixture occurs?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Thanks for your
ideas,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Yvonne</SPAN></FONT><FONT
size=5><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=5><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt">°°°</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">Yvonne Vögeli<BR>Eawag / Sandec<BR>Überlandstrasse
133<BR>P.O. Box 611<BR>8600 Dübendorf<BR>Switzerland<BR>Phone: +41 (0)44 823
54 20<BR>Fax: +41 (0)44 823 53
99<BR>yvonne.voegeli@eawag.ch<BR></SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=DE-CH><A
href="http://www.sandec.ch"><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">http://www.sandec.ch</SPAN></FONT></A></SPAN><SPAN
lang=DE-CH> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<P>
<HR>
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