<HTML><HEAD>
<STYLE>P.MsoNormalRem {
MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt
}
LI.MsoNormalRem {
MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt
}
DIV.MsoNormalRem {
MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt
}
</STYLE>
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<META name=GENERATOR content="IncrediMail 1.0">
<STYLE>v\:* {
BEHAVIOR: url (#default#vml)
}
</STYLE>
<!--IncrdiXMLRemarkStart>
<IncrdiX-Info>
<X-FID>FLAVOR00-NONE-0000-0000-000000000000</X-FID>
<X-FVER></X-FVER>
<X-CNT>;</X-CNT>
</IncrdiX-Info>
<IncrdiXMLRemarkEnd-->
</HEAD>
<BODY style="MARGIN: 5px 10px 0px; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" background="" scroll=yes bgColor=#ffffff>
<TABLE id=INCREDIMAINTABLE border=0 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=2 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD style="POSITION: relative; DIRECTION: ltr; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" id=INCREDITEXTREGION width="100%">
<DIV style="PADDING-LEFT: 2px" id=INCREDI_TEXT_AREA>
<DIV>
<DIV>Dear Paul,</DIV>
<DIV><BR>I'm sooooo glad you have raised this point. Myself, I have often found being misunderstood because my mind doesnt flow linear, but sort of tangentially, (lateral thinker). <A title="Click Me!" href="http://www.incredimail.com/app/?tag=emoticon_click_me_im2_re&lang=9&version=6254822&setup_id=7&aff_id=100&addon=IncrediMail&upn=3709e790-c93d-44a8-bd32-73d73b26d033&id=95202&guid=6F58AD7E-477E-40a3-924A-1592495CFDBC"><IMG id=INCREDIINSERTIMAGE title="Click Me!" border=0 alt="Click Me!" align=absMiddle src="cid:7573133B-5DA8-4783-BA82-59DC663A01D2" INCREDIIMAGEATTRIBS INCREDIIMAGEEXTENSIONS IMCONTENTTYPE="Emoticon" IMCONTENTGUID="6F58AD7E-477E-40a3-924A-1592495CFDBC" INCREDIEMOTICONSHORTCUT=":)"></A></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>In watching the discussions, I am often thinking of this these days, especially as I watch the dicourse between biogas "brothers" from the East and West exchange ideas.</DIV>
<DIV>As a former International Installations Engineer, we were part diplomat, part technical expert, part saleman and most importantly "friend". It has taught me valuable lessons of diplomacy that still bring great rewards to this day. I have a way of saying, just to illustrate, the same hand you use to shake hands in the West, and considered an offense to give to (some) "Easterners".... As this is considered the "toilet cleanup" hand. Yet it is the same hand of peace and help extended!!!</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>We from Western schools of thought use as you said a very linear approach but we need to remember the beginnings of "fuzzy logic" and those who caught onto it fastest, the fact that the way we think is sometimes also anchored in even our religions.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I think and am most happy in Engineering when we ALL can bring our shared experiences to the table...and have them all down to the anecdotal analysed and valued as with merit until proven otherwise.</DIV>
<DIV><BR>After all, we are all just animal herding "cousins" who have gone our own ways to various lands and are now commenting on our experiences...</DIV>
<DIV>(above said with a big grin... Please receive in that spirit.)</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Mike Barnett</DIV>
<DIV>JAMAICA</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-SIZE: 12pt" dir=ltr id=IncrediOriginalFontSize>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt" dir=ltr id=IncrediOriginalMessage><I>-------Original Message-------</I></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV id=receivestrings>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt" dir=ltr><I><B>From:</B></I> <A href="mailto:paul.harris@adelaide.edu.au">Paul Harris</A></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt" dir=ltr><I><B>Date:</B></I> 11/18/2010 3:59:26 PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt" dir=ltr><I><B>To:</B></I> <A href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">'For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion'</A></DIV>
<DIV style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt" dir=ltr><I><B>Subject:</B></I> Re: [Digestion] Re Digestate as fertilizer</DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">G’day All,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">As a generalisation Westerners tend to have “tunnel vision”, so only concentrate on one thing (I know this does not apply to all members of this group!). This is from my observations and I don’t have too much experience in other cultures for comparison. I think it really results from our “reductionist” approach, or maybe the approach is a result of this limitation.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">As a result some people see AD as “biogas”, some as “Carbon”, some as “waste disposal”, some as “pathogen reduction” and some as “fertiliser”. What we really need to do is see anaerobic digestion as all of the above and as part of a larger system. This involves a move away from the typical Western “linear” approach (of extract, use, discard) to a more cyclic approach (we have a Reuse, Recycle, Reduce slogan going around, sometimes with a 4<SUP>th</SUP> R that I can’t remember). I know some areas have been doing this for centuries, and even Westerners used to be better at it (before coal and oil!).<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Happy digesting,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">HOOROO<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Consolas; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">Mr. Paul Harris, Room S116b, Waite Main Building Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond SA 5064 Ph : +61 8 8303 7880 Fax : +61 8 8303 4386 <A href="mailto:paul.harris@adelaide.edu.au">mailto:paul.harris@adelaide.edu.au</A> <A href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/paul.harris">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/paul.harris</A><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Consolas; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Consolas; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">CRICOS Provider Number 00123M<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Consolas; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt">This email message is intended only for the addressee(s) and contains information that may be confidential and/or copyright. If you are not the intended recipient please notify the sender by reply email and immediately delete this email. Use, disclosure or reproduction of this email by anyone other than the intended recipient(s) is strictly prohibited. No representation is made that this email or any attachments are free of viruses. Virus scanning is recommended and is the responsibility of the recipient.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-US> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <B>On Behalf Of </B>P M Allison<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, 18 November 2010 6:06 PM<BR><B>To:</B> digestion<BR><B>Subject:</B> [Digestion] Re Digestate as fertilizer<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><O:P> </O:P></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The use of digestate for crop fertilizers, is to me the very best option. </SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The material contains all the nutrients required by plant-life as it is made up of the very same ingredients. </SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Laboratory analysis of the spent material confirms this.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A very similar substance is derived from vermiculture.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The main problem with spent digestate is the fiber content. This will create nozzle lock-up on any spray delivery system. Fiber is not digested by anaerobes or worms.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">If the digestate is splayed too thick it will smother soil and emerging plants.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The simple solution is to vibro filter the fiber and undigested material from the slurry. The solid matter is ideal for pelletizing and broadcast delivery.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The resultant liquid component is a colloidal nutrient complex containing the same ingredients as the original material but in plant ready form.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">This liquid does contain particulate matter which can clog nozzles. My solution to this is to centrifuge the liquid and trap out the sedimentary material leaving a purely colloidal substance. This can be used as a foliar fertilizer when diluted with water as the substance is too rich to be used neat.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The trapped debris is a rich nutrient mud, primordial ooze so to speak. This is also rich in nutrient and the finest of carbon flocs. An ideal binder for pelletizing the solid matter initially extracted.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">By the way, the carbon flocs are the same as those used carbon-fiber production.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Biogas is a wonderful bonus to the system, but should not be the be-all and end-all of the process. The spent material is the sort of substance which will make sustainable agriculture a much better option than what chemical farming will ever do. The crop improves, the soil improves, the soil biology improves, soil moisture holding capacity improves, soil carbon increases. Remember, it's the dark matter which differentiates soil from being just lifeless dirt.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Regards,</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Peter.</SPAN><O:P></O:P></P></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV></DIV></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD id=INCREDIFOOTER width="100%">
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%">
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD width="100%"></TD>
<TD id=INCREDISOUND vAlign=bottom align=middle></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><SPAN id=IncrediStamp><A href="http://www.incredimail.com/?id=606430&rui=123166218&sd=20101119"><SPAN name="imgCache" border="0"><IMG border=0 alt="FREE Animations for your email - by IncrediMail! Click Here!" src="cid:E69D0090-6E72-459D-9118-F25BF865C274"></SPAN></A></SPAN></BODY></HTML>