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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>G’day All,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>As a generalisation Westerners tend to have “tunnel vision”,
so only concentrate on one thing (I know this does not apply to all members of
this group!). This is from my observations and I don’t have too much
experience in other cultures for comparison. I think it really results from our
“reductionist” approach, or maybe the approach is a result of this
limitation.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>As a result some people see AD as “biogas”, some as “Carbon”,
some as “waste disposal”, some as “pathogen reduction”
and some as “fertiliser”. What we really need to do is see
anaerobic digestion as all of the above and as part of a larger system. This
involves a move away from the typical Western “linear” approach (of
extract, use, discard) to a more cyclic approach (we have a Reuse, Recycle,
Reduce slogan going around, sometimes with a 4<sup>th</sup> R that I can’t
remember). I know some areas have been doing this for centuries, and even
Westerners used to be better at it (before coal and oil!).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Happy digesting,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>HOOROO<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;
color:#1F497D'>Mr. Paul Harris, Room S116b, Waite Main Building Faculty of
Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB 1, Glen Osmond SA
5064 Ph : +61 8 8303 7880
Fax : +61 8 8303 4386 <a
href="mailto:paul.harris@adelaide.edu.au">mailto:paul.harris@adelaide.edu.au</a>
<a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/paul.harris">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/directory/paul.harris</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;
color:#1F497D'>CRICOS Provider Number 00123M<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;
color:#1F497D'>This email message is intended only for the addressee(s) and
contains information that may be confidential and/or copyright. If you
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immediately delete this email. Use, disclosure or reproduction of this email by
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is made that this email or any attachments are free of viruses. Virus scanning
is recommended and is the responsibility of the recipient.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org
[mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>P M
Allison<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, 18 November 2010 6:06 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> digestion<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Digestion] Re Digestate as fertilizer<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
use of digestate for crop fertilizers, is to me the very best option. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
material contains all the nutrients required by plant-life as it is made up of
the very same ingredients. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Laboratory
analysis of the spent material confirms this.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>A
very similar substance is derived from vermiculture.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
main problem with spent digestate is the fiber content. This will create nozzle
lock-up on any spray delivery system. Fiber is not digested by anaerobes or
worms.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>If
the digestate is splayed too thick it will smother soil and emerging plants.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
simple solution is to vibro filter the fiber and undigested material from the
slurry. The solid matter is ideal for pelletizing and broadcast delivery.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
resultant liquid component is a colloidal nutrient complex containing the same
ingredients as the original material but in plant ready form.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>This
liquid does contain particulate matter which can clog nozzles. My solution to
this is to centrifuge the liquid and trap out the sedimentary material leaving
a purely colloidal substance. This can be used as a foliar fertilizer when
diluted with water as the substance is too rich to be used neat.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
trapped debris is a rich nutrient mud, primordial ooze so to speak. This is
also rich in nutrient and the finest of carbon flocs. An ideal binder for
pelletizing the solid matter initially extracted.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>By
the way, the carbon flocs are the same as those used carbon-fiber production.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Biogas
is a wonderful bonus to the system, but should not be the be-all and end-all of
the process. The spent material is the sort of substance which will make
sustainable agriculture a much better option than what chemical farming will
ever do. The crop improves, the soil improves, the soil biology improves, soil
moisture holding capacity improves, soil carbon increases. Remember, it's the
dark matter which differentiates soil from being just lifeless dirt.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Regards,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Peter.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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