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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=DE link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Hej Harold, <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>we are regularly analysing the biogas market and unfortunately see exact this development you describe. The prices did raise within the last 5 years by more than 50 %. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>But only taken from your figures the calculation seems to be really above also actual market prices. If you could send me some more information about the calculation of a single plant what is the basis for the large calculation for your country I could make my comments. When I take your 100.000 t – plant I would assume that (when you would generate electricity) investment costs would be in Germany when you construct no special treatment of the residues, no new storage for the residues for the winter time and when you generate electricity without gas upgrading and if you use cow manure about 5-7 Mio € (electrical capacity about 900 kWel). Adapted technically to very cold regions of your country probably 10 to 20 % higher. </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>So far best regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Frank<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>***Veranstaltungshinweise:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Aktuell läuft der 9. Jahrgangs der Leipziger Biogas-Fachgespräche wieder monatlich<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Mehr Informationen unter www.dbfz.de<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Konferenz „Energetische Nutzung von Landschaftspflegematerial“ am 01./02.03.2011 in Berlin <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Mehr Information unter: <a href="http://www.energetische-biomassenutzung.de/de/aktuelles/tagungen/landschaftspflegematerial.html"><span style='color:blue'>http://www.energetische-biomassenutzung.de/de/aktuelles/tagungen/landschaftspflegematerial.html</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>______________________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Prof. Dr.-Ing. Frank Scholwin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Bereichsleiter Biochemische Konversion<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Head of Department Biochemical Conversion<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>German Biomass Research Centre<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Torgauer Straße 116<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>D-04347 Leipzig<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>info@dbfz.de<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>www.dbfz.de<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Registergericht: Amtsgericht Leipzig HRB 23991<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Geschäftsführer:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Kaltschmitt (wiss.),<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Daniel Mayer (admin.)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Tel. + 49-341-2434-112 (-438)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Mobil: +49-177-2885623<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Fax + 49-341-2434-133<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Helv","sans-serif";color:black'>Hinweis: Die vorgenannten Angaben werden jeder E-Mail automatisch hinzugefügt. Sie lassen keine Rückschlüsse auf den Rechtscharakter der E-Mail zu!</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Von:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>Im Auftrag von </b>Harold leffertstra<br><b>Gesendet:</b> Donnerstag, 2. Dezember 2010 16:05<br><b>An:</b> Digestion@bioenergylists.org<br><b>Betreff:</b> [Digestion] High costs of biogass plants in Norway<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Hello all<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Our Agency - Climate and Pollution Agencu made in 2010 a study of measures in the Agriculture sector to curb the emissions of climate gases. The production of biogass from manure was one of them, with reductions of methane and N2O from the storage of manure as well as a potential to reduce the emissions of CO2 by substitution of fossile fuels. Our consultant provided us with costs for the building and running costs, much higher than any other country in Europe, included neigbouring Sweden and Denmark.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>For plants with capacities to treat 50 - 100.000 tonns of manure the following figures were given:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>4.3 million tons of manure/year (about 30 % of the total amount of available manure) representing manure from farms in areas with a relative high density of animals:</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Biogassgeneration: 710 GWh/year</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Investment= 4.3 billion NOK = 540 million €</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Cost of Capital = 350 million NOK = 44 million €/year</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Transport, labor, maintenance and electricity; 215 million NOK = 27 million €/year</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><strong><span lang=EN-US>Investment 126 €/ton manure annual capacity</span></strong><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Cost of capital; 10 €/ton manure</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Cost of labor etc: 6 € /ton manure </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> <strong>Sum: ca 16 €/ton</strong></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Plant 100.000 ton manure/year:</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Investment : 12.6 mill €</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Capital + other cost: 1,6 mill €</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Compared to the figures below, they are 60-100 % more expensive, even without assumed electricity generation. </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Knut Hjort Gregersen (2005) Centralised Codigestion Plants in Denmark - Present situation and future perspectives. </span>Bioenergy 200<span lang=EN-US>5, Trondheim, Norge:</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Plant with annual capacity of 110.000 m3</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146tekst style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:6.0pt;margin-left:0cm'><span lang=EN-US>Investment: 55 euro/m3 annual capacity</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Cap + other cost: 10 €/ m3 behandlet </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>One of the possible explanations which is given, is that manufactorers from Central Europe are not very interested in the Norwegian market - low potential and calculate with hig costs in their bids.</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>We would like your view points on the given figures; do they seem reasonable?</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Would manufactorers lower their prices to a "european" level?</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>These high costs made the measure "Biogas" very costly" in relation to the obtained emission reductions, even when taken in consideration other benefits.</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Looking forward to your comments</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=yiv393053146msonormal style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span lang=EN-US>Harold Leffertstra</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></body></html>