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<div class=Section1>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I would be interested in the report.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thank-you<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Ted Mathews<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>E3 Biofuels<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3

face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;

font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font size=2

face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>

digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org

[mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b><span style='font-weight:

bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Marie<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, January 13, 2011

4:42 PM<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> For Discussion of Anaerobic

Digestion<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b>

digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [Digestion] Small

Digester and Rankine Engine Questions</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><br>

<br>

All,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>I am currently doing a report on approximately 20 small scale <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">UK</st1:place></st1:country-region> farm

digesters, looking at various parameters and what makes a successful digester

installation. Current 'industry' thinking is that digesters at this scale are

not economically viable.  However, the smallest of these has been running

successfully for 20 years on an organic farm with 65 cows, saving thousands by

using the gas to heat the house and diary washings.  The average <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Uk</st1:place></st1:country-region> dairy herd

is about 112 cows.  Another one here has been running for more than 20

years, heating a very large manor house. Another interesting digester running

for more than two years digesting slurry from cows bedded on woodchip and

sand,, as well as chicken muck. It has an automatic degritting system and the

digester does not have to be stopped. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>At this scale, the reason for the success of these systems are that

they separate the digestate which comes out of the digester, they use

inexpensive and easily maintained gas mixing which means a low parasitic load

(one is as little as 1watt/cubic meter), the loading is typically simple auger

or gravity feed straight into the digester, the control system is very simple

and the digester is integrated into the farmyard. Suitable cast iron boilers

have lasted for 20 years and are still running. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>If you are interested in the report, let me know and I can send a

link/copy when it is published. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>Regards<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>Angie Bywater<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3

face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>

On 13 Jan 2011, at 17:16, <<a href="mailto:armoss@umd.edu">armoss@umd.edu</a>>un

wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>Charles-<br>

There's at least one small-scale digester of that size currently operating in

the <st1:country-region w:st="on">U.S.</st1:country-region> - at the <st1:PlaceName

w:st="on">USDA</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Beltsville</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Agricultural</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Research</st1:PlaceName>

<st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Center</st1:PlaceType> in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City

 w:st="on">Beltsville</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">MD.</st1:State></st1:place> 

The dairy's herd size is roughly 125-130, with ~100 milking and producing

manure at any given time (dry cattle are let out to pasture).  The

digester was built in 1994 and was constructed as a continuous stirred-tank

reactor.  I have tentative plans to conduct research on this digester

simultaneously with a low-cost, pilot-scale digester project operating on the

same waste-stream that's being constructed by our lab group at the <st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName

 w:st="on">Maryland</st1:PlaceName></st1:place>.  I don't have intimate

knowledge of the USDA CSTR's history, but I can tell you what I know.<br>

<br>

The digester was originally constructed for odor control as an upright,

cylindrical concrete tank (I'm not sure enough of the designed HRT to give you

information on it), and was later insulated with gunnite-coated

styrofoam.  It operates on mechanically screw-press separated, scraped

waste, and utilizes the biogas produced to power a boiler that circulates hot

water through a conveyance system installed within the digester for

heating;  a combined heat and power electric generator was installed in

the mid-2000s, but it has never been brought online.  The digester's had a

number of problems come up, including repeated clogging of the supply lines

(originally 3-4" ID, now 6"), the break down of the screw-press

separator and supply pumps, and the corrosion of the boiler due to inadequate

scrubbing.  To be fair, many of the problems associated with the digester

are the result of fluctuating research interest, funds, management, and the

lack of an effective biogas scrubbing system, but they exist all the

same.  Currently, the digester is up and operating... although obviously

not ideally.<br>

<br>

Although most of the digestion systems are covered lagoons, the <a

href="http://epa.gov/agstar/projects/index.html">AgSTAR website</a> contains a

link to a Excel file detailing the digesters currently registered in the EPA's

system (look under "Farm Project Profiles").  A few of them

approximate the herd numbers you're interested in.<br>

<br>

As a side note, our research at the University of Maryland, together with

research at Ohio State and the University of Wisconsin, is attempting to introduce

smaller-scale, lower-cost systems in the U.S.  I gave a presentation in

October on small-scale digestion and some of the current efforts that you can

find <a href="http://www.jgpress.com/biocycleenergy/pres_tue/Moss_bcre10_s.pdf">here</a>.<br>

<br>

Good luck hunting!<br>

<br>

-Andy <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<div><pre><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Andrew R. Moss<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education Fellow<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on"><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span

  style='font-size:10.0pt'>University</span></font></st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName

 w:st="on">Maryland</st1:PlaceName></st1:place> Dept. of Environmental Science and Technology<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>1445 Animal Sci./Ag. Engineering (Bldg. 142)<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><st1:PlaceType

w:st="on"><font size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>University</span></font></st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName

w:st="on">Maryland</st1:PlaceName>, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">College Park</st1:City>, <st1:State

 w:st="on">MD</st1:State> <st1:PostalCode w:st="on">20742</st1:PostalCode></st1:place><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Phone:  (865) 363-5535<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre></div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><br>

---- Original message ----<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;font-weight:bold'>Date:</span></font></b> Wed, 12 Jan

2011 12:00:06 -0800<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b> <<a

href="mailto:digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Digestion Digest, Vol 5,

Issue 5<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <<a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>

<br>

>Send Digestion mailing list submissions to<br>

> <a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

><br>

>To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<br>

> <a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

><br>

>or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to<br>

> <a href="mailto:digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="mailto:digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

><br>

>You can reach the person managing the list at<br>

> <a href="mailto:digestion-owner@lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="mailto:digestion-owner@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-owner@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

><br>

>When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific<br>

>than "Re: Contents of Digestion digest..."<br>

>________________ >Today's Topics: > > 1. Small Digester and

Rankine Engine Questions (Gould, Merrill) > 2. Re: 250kW hot water biogas

boiler (Ian Bywater) > 3. Re: Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions

(Randy Mott) > 4. Re: Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions (Sam

Wampler) > 5. Re: Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions (David

Fulford) >________________ >Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2011 17:07:41 +0000

>From: "Gould, Merrill" <<a href="mailto:gouldm@anr.msu.edu">gouldm@anr.msu.edu</a>>

>Subject: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions >To:

"<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>"

<<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>

> <br>

<br>

<o:p></o:p></p>

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<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>I have two

questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>1.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Are

there small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>? When I say small

farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is

the average herd size in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:State>.

If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I

suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but I would

really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small

farms in <st1:place w:st="on">West Michigan</st1:place> about putting in a

digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small

farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle

with digesters outside of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">United</st1:PlaceName>

 <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>? If so, where are

they and what has their experience been with their digester?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>2.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Has

anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing

system?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks in advance

for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt'>Michigan</span></font></st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType

 w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>

Extension<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>West <st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Olive</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">Michigan</st1:State></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'></xbod>>________________ >Date: Fri, 7 Jan 2011 20:51:07 +1300

>From: Ian Bywater <<a href="mailto:ian.bywater@naturalsystems.co.nz">ian.bywater@naturalsystems.co.nz</a>>

>Subject: Re: [Digestion] 250kW hot water biogas boiler >To: For

Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>

> <br>

<xbas href="x-msg://149/"><xbod style="word-wrap: break-word;">Hi Edward,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>I know a boiler expert here in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Christchurch</st1:City>,

 <st1:country-region w:st="on">New Zealand</st1:country-region></st1:place>

that I'm sure has the right expertise and can help.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>Ian Bywater<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>On 7/01/2011, at 8:42 PM, Edward Matos wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><br>

<br>

<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank">

<div link=blue vlink=purple target="_blank">

<div>

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Arial><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:

11.0pt;font-family:Arial'>A milk processing company in our vicinity (<st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Tanga</st1:City>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Tanzania</st1:country-region></st1:place>)

has had a lasting interest in converting its milk pasteurising process from

running on propane to running on biogas. I am doing them a little favour by

helping them to make a feasibility study and find the right people that will

make this happen. Unfortunately I have very little experience in biogas

combustion and would like to find out if anyone here is/knows someone who could

help us on this subject.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<u5:p></u5:p></div>

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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

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style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank">

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<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font size=1 color=black

face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>_________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font size=1 color=black

face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Director,

Natural Systems Limited<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font size=1 color=black

face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>(Unit

5B/ <st1:Street w:st="on"><st1:address w:st="on">3 Settlers Crescent</st1:address></st1:Street>)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><st1:address w:st="on"><st1:Street

 w:st="on"><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;

  font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>PO Box</span></font></st1:Street><font

 size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:

 Helvetica;color:black'> 41032</span></font></st1:address><font size=1

color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;

color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on"><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;

  font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Christchurch</span></font></st1:place></st1:City><font

size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:

Helvetica;color:black'> 8247<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on"><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;

  font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>New Zealand</span></font></st1:place></st1:country-region><font

size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:

Helvetica;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br>

</span></span></span><img border=0 width=80 height=80

id="_x0030_709b3df-a13f-4e76-9136-36e88581ab16"

src="cid:4280EC3B-9D12-4889-939C-764AC795F30B@gateway.2wire.net"

apple-width=yes apple-height=yes></span></font><span class=apple-style-span><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<span target="_blank"><span style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

target="_blank"><span style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

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style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

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style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

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style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank"><span

style='orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px' target="_blank">

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<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><font size=1 color=black

face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br>

<br>

T +64(0)3</span></font><span class=apple-converted-space><span target="_blank"><font

size=2 color=black face=Arial><span target="_blank"><span style='font-size:

10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></span></font></span><span

class=apple-style-span><font size=2 color=black face=Arial><span

style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>376 5549</span></span></font></span><o:p></o:p></p>

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>M +64(0)27 579 6333<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>F +64(0)3 365 4146<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>S bywateri<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>W <a

href="http://www.naturalsystems.co.nz" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://www.naturalsystems.co.nz">www.naturalsystems.co.nz</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>The Most Exciting

Green Technology Company in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">New

  Zealand</st1:place></st1:country-region> (NBR 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Bayer Innovators

Award finalist, 2010, Agriculture and Environment category<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><font size=1 color=black

face=Helvetica><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'></span>NZ

patent 530362</span></font></span><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br>

<br>

<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span

target="_blank">

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style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:#317D12;font-weight:bold'><br>

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</span></font></b><font size=1 color=black face=Helvetica><span

style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'></span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'></span><br>

</span><br>

<br>

</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

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</div>

</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'></span><br>

</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></xbod>>________________

>Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 08:50:57 +0100 >From: "Randy Mott" <<a

href="mailto:randymott@ceeres.eu">randymott@ceeres.eu</a>> >Subject: Re: [Digestion]

Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions >To: "'For Discussion of

Anaerobic Digestion'" <<a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>

> <br>

<br>

<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<xmet http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"><xmet name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered medium)"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>

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</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>

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  <u5:idmap u7:ext="edit" atad="1"/>

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</xml><![endif]--><xbod link="blue" vlink="purple" lang="EN-US"><span target="_blank">

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;

color:#1F497D'>We don’t do projects in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but my understanding is that

500 cows is a rule of thumb. I have some literature….<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>On Rankin cycle engines, we have

followed it closely in Europe and the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. There is about 15% more

electricity that can come from the heat exhaust of the initial generators. The

capex is about 1250 Euro/kW. We don’t have much incentive to do it in <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Poland</st1:place></st1:country-region> since we

sell the heat and also obtain a co-generation certificate for each MWe. <u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>GE Jenbacher is doing some development

in <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> and eventually, I believe, will be

trying to offer this as an option on its generators.<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Randy Mott<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>CEERES<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=3

  color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;

  color:#1F497D'>Warsaw<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font></st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<div><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span><span target="_blank">

<div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;

border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color' target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><font

size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:

bold'>From:</span></span></font></b><span target="_blank"><font size=2

face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> <a

href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

[mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b><span style='font-weight:

bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Gould, Merrill<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, January 11, 2011

6:08 PM<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Digestion] Small

Digester and Rankine Engine Questions<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>I have two

questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>1.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Are

there small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>? When I say small

farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is

the average herd size in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:State>.

If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I

suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but I would

really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small

farms in <st1:place w:st="on">West Michigan</st1:place> about putting in a

digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small

farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle

with digesters outside of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">United</st1:PlaceName>

 <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>? If so, where are

they and what has their experience been with their digester?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>2.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Has

anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing

system?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks in advance

for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt'>Michigan</span></font></st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType

 w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>

Extension<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>West <st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Olive</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">Michigan</st1:State></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'></xbod>>________________ >Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 05:20:28 -0800

>From: Sam Wampler <<a href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com">smwampler@avatarenergy.com</a>>

>Subject: Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions >To:

For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>

> <br>

<br>

<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a

name="_MailEndCompose"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Nick,<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font></a><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Why don’t you have Kevin answer the

below question about a small digester.<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Sam<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<div>

<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width="30%"

 style='width:30.52%' target="_blank">

 <tr>

  <td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt' target="_blank">

  <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

  target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=118 height=27

  id="_x0000_i1030" src="cid:image001.gif@01CBB231.90166700"

  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/sam.GIF"></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

  </td>

 </tr>

 </span><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span>

 <tr>

  <td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt' target="_blank">

  <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

  target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=139 height=25

  id="_x0000_i1029" src="cid:image002.gif@01CBB231.90166700"

  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/emaillogo.gif"></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

  </td>

 </tr>

 </span><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span>

 <tr>

  <td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt' target="_blank">

  <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

  size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a

  href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com" target="_blank"><font size=1

  color=black><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black;text-decoration:none'><span

  target="_blank"><img border=0 width=15 height=10 id="_x0000_i1028"

  src="cid:image003.gif@01CBB231.90166700"

  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/email_icon.gif"></span><span

  target="_blank">  </span></span></font></a><a

  href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com" target="_blank"><font size=1

  color=black><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><span target="_blank">smwampler@avatarenergy.com</span></span></font></a></span></font><span

  target="_blank"><font size=1 color="#1f497d"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;

  color:#1F497D'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

  </td>

 </tr>

 </span><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span>

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  <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

  size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a

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  style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black;text-decoration:none'><span target="_blank"><img

  border=0 width=15 height=14 id="_x0000_i1027"

  src="cid:image004.gif@01CBB231.90166700"

  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/web_icon.gif"></span><span

  target="_blank">  </span></span></font><span target="_blank"><font

  size=1 color=black><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>www.avatarenergy.com</span></span></font></a></span></font><span

  target="_blank"><font size=1 color="#1f497d"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;

  color:#1F497D'> </span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

  </td>

 </tr>

 </span><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span>

 <tr>

  <td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt' target="_blank">

  <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

  target="_blank"><font size=1 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=18 height=10

  id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image005.gif@01CBB231.90166700"

  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/cell_icon.gif"></span><span

  target="_blank">336.446.9305 (Google Voice)</span></span></font><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span><o:p></o:p></p>

  </td>

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  alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/cell_icon.gif"></span><span

  target="_blank">336.824.1389 (fax)</span></span></font><span target="_blank"><u5:p></u5:p></span><o:p></o:p></p>

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target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=1 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

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target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=1 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

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target="_blank"><font size=1 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#1F497D'>Confidential Information<br>

The information contained in this email message is intended only for the

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received this communication in error, please notify us immediately by email,

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color="#1f497d"><span style='color:#1F497D'><br>

 <u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<div><span target="_blank">

<div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;

border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color' target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><font

size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:

bold'>From:</span></span></font></b><span target="_blank"><font size=2

face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> <a

href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

[mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b><span style='font-weight:

bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Randy Mott<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, January 12, 2011

2:51 AM<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> 'For Discussion of Anaerobic

Digestion'<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [Digestion] Small

Digester and Rankin Engine Questions<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>We don’t do projects in the <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but my

understanding is that 500 cows is a rule of thumb. I have some literature….<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>On Rankin cycle engines, we have

followed it closely in Europe and the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>. There is about 15% more

electricity that can come from the heat exhaust of the initial generators. The

capex is about 1250 Euro/kW. We don’t have much incentive to do it in <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Poland</st1:place></st1:country-region> since we

sell the heat and also obtain a co-generation certificate for each MWe. <u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>GE Jenbacher is doing some development

in <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> and eventually, I believe, will be

trying to offer this as an option on its generators.<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Randy Mott<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'>CEERES<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=3

  color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;

  color:#1F497D'>Warsaw<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font></st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span

target="_blank"><u5:p><font size=3 color="#1f497d" face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt;color:#1F497D'> </u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<div><span target="_blank">

<div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in;

border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color' target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><font

size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:

bold'>From:</span></span></font></b><span target="_blank"><font size=2

face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> <a

href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

[mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b><span style='font-weight:

bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Gould, Merrill<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Tuesday, January 11, 2011

6:08 PM<br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> <a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org"></a><a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> [Digestion] Small

Digester and Rankine Engine Questions<u5:p></u5:p></span></span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>I have two

questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>1.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Are

there small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>? When I say small

farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is

the average herd size in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:State>.

If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I

suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but I would

really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small

farms in <st1:place w:st="on">West Michigan</st1:place> about putting in a

digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small

farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle

with digesters outside of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">United</st1:PlaceName>

 <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>? If so, where are

they and what has their experience been with their digester?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>2.<span target="_blank"></span></font><font

size=1><span style='font-size:7.0pt'>       </span></span></font></span>Has

anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing

system?<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks in advance

for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt'>Michigan</span></font></st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType

 w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>

Extension<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>West <st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Olive</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">Michigan</st1:State></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'></xbod>>________________ >Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 16:22:12 +0000

>From: David Fulford <<a href="mailto:davidf@kingdombio.com">davidf@kingdombio.com</a>>

>Subject: Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions

>To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a

href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>

>Cc: "Gould, Merrill" <<a href="mailto:gouldm@anr.msu.edu">gouldm@anr.msu.edu</a>>

> <br>

<xmet content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type"><xbod bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">Charles

and listers,<br>

<br>

The best source of information on AD in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region> is the AgSTAR project run by

EPA (<a href="http://www.epa.gov/agstar/" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://www.epa.gov/agstar/">www.epa.gov/agstar/</a>). They have a

database of digesters, which includes a few small ones. <br>

<br>

They point to the Minnesota Project  (<a

href="http://www.mnproject.org/index.html" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://www.mnproject.org">www.mnproject.org</a>)  which is trying to

concentrate on biogas for small farms (125 cattle or less).<br>

<br>

Regards,<br>

<br>

David F<br>

<br>

On 11/01/2011 17:07, Gould, Merrill wrote: <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>I have two

questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>1.<span target="_blank">      

</span></span>Are there small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region

w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region>?

When I say small farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125

dairy cows, which is the average herd size in <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">Michigan</st1:place></st1:State>. If so, where are they and what has

been their experience with their digester? I suspect there probably are no

small farms with digesters in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place

 w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region>, but I would really like to

know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small farms in <st1:place

w:st="on">West Michigan</st1:place> about putting in a digester on their farm.

If my assumption is correct that there are no small farms with digesters, are

there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle with digesters outside of

the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">United</st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType

 w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>? If so, where are they and what

has their experience been with their digester?<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=msolistparagraph style='text-indent:-.25in'><span target="_blank"><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>2.<span target="_blank">      

</span></span>Has anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an

energy producing system?<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Thanks in advance

for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

  style='font-size:12.0pt'>Michigan</span></font></st1:PlaceName> <st1:PlaceType

 w:st="on">State</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>

Extension<u5:p></u5:p><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>West <st1:place

w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Olive</st1:City>, <st1:State w:st="on">Michigan</st1:State></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font><u5:p></u5:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><u5:p><font

size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></u5:p></p>

</div>

<pre wrap=""><fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset><font size=2

face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Digestion mailing list<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a

href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank"></a><a

href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org"

target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>for more information about digestion, see<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a

href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>and the Biogas Wiki <a

href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></pre><pre><font

size=2 face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></pre>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>

</xmet></xmet>

<div target="_blank">

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'>-- <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p align=center style='text-align:center'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span

style='font-size:12.0pt'>********************************************************************<br>

Dr David Fulford CEnv MEI, 15, Brandon Ave, Woodley, Reading RG5 4PU <br>

<a href="mailto:d.j.fulford@btinternet.com" target="_blank"></a><a

href="mailto:d.j.fulford@btinternet.com">d.j.fulford@btinternet.com</a>, Tel:

+44(0)118 326 9779 Mob: +44(0)7746 806401 <br>

Kingdom Bioenergy Ltd, <a href="http://www.kingdombio.com" target="_blank"></a><a

href="http://www.kingdombio.com">www.kingdombio.com</a>, <a

href="mailto:davidf@kindombio.com" target="_blank"></a><a

href="mailto:davidf@kindombio.com">davidf@kindombio.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:

12.0pt'></xbod>>________________

>_______________________________________________ >Digestion mailing list

> >to Send a Message to the list, use the email address ><a

href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a>

> >to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page ><a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

> >for more information about digestion, see >Beginner's Guide to

Biogas ><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a>

>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a>

> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</xmet></xmet></xmet></xmet></xmet></xbas></xmet></xmet></blockquote>

<blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt' type=cite>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><font size=3

face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>_______________________________________________<br>

Digestion mailing list<br>

<br>

to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>

<a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>

<br>

to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>

<a

href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>

<br>

for more information about digestion, see<br>

Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br>

<a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>

and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/"></a><a

href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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