<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" xmlns:p="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:powerpoint" xmlns:a="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:access" xmlns:dt="uuid:C2F41010-65B3-11d1-A29F-00AA00C14882" xmlns:s="uuid:BDC6E3F0-6DA3-11d1-A2A3-00AA00C14882" xmlns:rs="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:rowset" xmlns:z="#RowsetSchema" xmlns:b="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:publisher" xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:c="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:component:spreadsheet" xmlns:odc="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:odc" xmlns:oa="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:activation" xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" xmlns:q="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:rtc="http://microsoft.com/officenet/conferencing" xmlns:D="DAV:" xmlns:Repl="http://schemas.microsoft.com/repl/" xmlns:mt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/meetings/" xmlns:x2="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2003/xml" xmlns:ppda="http://www.passport.com/NameSpace.xsd" xmlns:ois="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/ois/" xmlns:dir="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/directory/" xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" xmlns:dsp="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/dsp" xmlns:udc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sub="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/2002/1/alerts/" xmlns:ec="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#" xmlns:sp="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/" xmlns:sps="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:udcs="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/soap" xmlns:udcxf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/xmlfile" xmlns:udcp2p="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/parttopart" xmlns:wf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/workflow/" xmlns:dsss="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/digsig-setup" xmlns:dssi="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/digsig" xmlns:mdssi="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/digital-signature" xmlns:mver="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns:mrels="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships" xmlns:spwp="http://microsoft.com/sharepoint/webpartpages" xmlns:ex12t="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/types" xmlns:ex12m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/messages" xmlns:pptsl="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/SlideLibrary/" xmlns:spsl="http://microsoft.com/webservices/SharePointPortalServer/PublishedLinksService" xmlns:Z="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" xmlns:st="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Helvetica;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Cambria;
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Webdings;
panose-1:5 3 1 2 1 5 9 6 7 3;}
@font-face
{font-family:Consolas;
panose-1:2 11 6 9 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0cm;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0cm;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
pre
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted Char";
margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char";
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0cm;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0cm;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph
{mso-style-priority:34;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0cm;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0cm;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
span.HTMLPreformattedChar
{mso-style-name:"HTML Preformatted Char";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted";
font-family:Consolas;}
p.msochpdefault, li.msochpdefault, div.msochpdefault
{mso-style-name:msochpdefault;
mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
margin-right:0cm;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
margin-left:0cm;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
span.emailstyle17
{mso-style-name:emailstyle17;}
span.EmailStyle22
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.apple-style-span
{mso-style-name:apple-style-span;}
span.apple-converted-space
{mso-style-name:apple-converted-space;}
span.emailstyle18
{mso-style-name:emailstyle18;}
span.emailstyle19
{mso-style-name:emailstyle19;}
span.EmailStyle28
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle29
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle30
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.BalloonTextChar
{mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Balloon Text";
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";}
span.emailstyle20
{mso-style-name:emailstyle20;}
span.balloontextchar0
{mso-style-name:balloontextchar;}
span.EmailStyle35
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle36
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle37
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle38
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle39
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle40
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EmailStyle41
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle42
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle43
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
margin:72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt 72.0pt;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>I would be very interested in this report to please??<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Nick Fellows<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>Director<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>M:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#227E0C'> 07760 401285 <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black'>T:</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#227E0C'> 0161 211 6446<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#227E0C'>Fellows Environmental Ltd<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#227E0C'>www.fellowsenvironmental.com<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Webdings;color:green'>P</span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#006600'> </span><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;color:green'>Please consider the environment before printing this e-mail</span></b><span style='color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#A6A6A6'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:8.0pt;color:#A6A6A6'>This email and any attachments to it may be confidential and are intended solely for the use of the individual to whom it is addressed. Any views or opinions expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of Fellows Environmental Ltd.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:8.0pt;color:#A6A6A6'>If you are not the intended recipient of this email, you must neither take any action based upon its contents, nor copy or show it to anyone. Please contact the sender if you believe you have received this email in error.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:8.0pt;color:#A6A6A6'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:8.0pt;color:#A6A6A6'>Fellows Environmental Ltd Registered in England & Wales. Company number 7197447<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Marie<br><b>Sent:</b> 13 January 2011 22:42<br><b>To:</b> For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion<br><b>Cc:</b> digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br>All,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I am currently doing a report on approximately 20 small scale UK farm digesters, looking at various parameters and what makes a successful digester installation. Current 'industry' thinking is that digesters at this scale are not economically viable. However, the smallest of these has been running successfully for 20 years on an organic farm with 65 cows, saving thousands by using the gas to heat the house and diary washings. The average Uk dairy herd is about 112 cows. Another one here has been running for more than 20 years, heating a very large manor house. Another interesting digester running for more than two years digesting slurry from cows bedded on woodchip and sand,, as well as chicken muck. It has an automatic degritting system and the digester does not have to be stopped. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>At this scale, the reason for the success of these systems are that they separate the digestate which comes out of the digester, they use inexpensive and easily maintained gas mixing which means a low parasitic load (one is as little as 1watt/cubic meter), the loading is typically simple auger or gravity feed straight into the digester, the control system is very simple and the digester is integrated into the farmyard. Suitable cast iron boilers have lasted for 20 years and are still running. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>If you are interested in the report, let me know and I can send a link/copy when it is published. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Regards<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Angie Bywater<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>On 13 Jan 2011, at 17:16, <<a href="mailto:armoss@umd.edu">armoss@umd.edu</a>>un wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>Charles-<br>There's at least one small-scale digester of that size currently operating in the U.S. - at the USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center in Beltsville, MD. The dairy's herd size is roughly 125-130, with ~100 milking and producing manure at any given time (dry cattle are let out to pasture). The digester was built in 1994 and was constructed as a continuous stirred-tank reactor. I have tentative plans to conduct research on this digester simultaneously with a low-cost, pilot-scale digester project operating on the same waste-stream that's being constructed by our lab group at the University of Maryland. I don't have intimate knowledge of the USDA CSTR's history, but I can tell you what I know.<br><br>The digester was originally constructed for odor control as an upright, cylindrical concrete tank (I'm not sure enough of the designed HRT to give you information on it), and was later insulated with gunnite-coated styrofoam. It operates on mechanically screw-press separated, scraped waste, and utilizes the biogas produced to power a boiler that circulates hot water through a conveyance system installed within the digester for heating; a combined heat and power electric generator was installed in the mid-2000s, but it has never been brought online. The digester's had a number of problems come up, including repeated clogging of the supply lines (originally 3-4" ID, now 6"), the break down of the screw-press separator and supply pumps, and the corrosion of the boiler due to inadequate scrubbing. To be fair, many of the problems associated with the digester are the result of fluctuating research interest, funds, management, and the lack of an effective biogas scrubbing system, but they exist all the same. Currently, the digester is up and operating... although obviously not ideally.<br><br>Although most of the digestion systems are covered lagoons, the <a href="http://epa.gov/agstar/projects/index.html">AgSTAR website</a> contains a link to a Excel file detailing the digesters currently registered in the EPA's system (look under "Farm Project Profiles"). A few of them approximate the herd numbers you're interested in.<br><br>As a side note, our research at the University of Maryland, together with research at Ohio State and the University of Wisconsin, is attempting to introduce smaller-scale, lower-cost systems in the U.S. I gave a presentation in October on small-scale digestion and some of the current efforts that you can find <a href="http://www.jgpress.com/biocycleenergy/pres_tue/Moss_bcre10_s.pdf">here</a>.<br><br>Good luck hunting!<br><br>-Andy <o:p></o:p></p><div><pre>Andrew R. Moss<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Sustainable Agriculture Research & Education Fellow<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>University of Maryland Dept. of Environmental Science and Technology<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>1445 Animal Sci./Ag. Engineering (Bldg. 142)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Phone: (865) 363-5535<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre></div><p class=MsoNormal><br>---- Original message ----<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><b>Date:</b> Wed, 12 Jan 2011 12:00:06 -0800<br><b>From:</b> <<a href="mailto:digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br><b>Subject:</b> Digestion Digest, Vol 5, Issue 5<br><b>To:</b> <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br><br>>Send Digestion mailing list submissions to<br>> <a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>><br>>To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit<br>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>><br>>or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to<br>> <a href="mailto:digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>><br>>You can reach the person managing the list at<br>> <a href="mailto:digestion-owner@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-owner@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>><br>>When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific<br>>than "Re: Contents of Digestion digest..."<br>>________________ >Today's Topics: > > 1. Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions (Gould, Merrill) > 2. Re: 250kW hot water biogas boiler (Ian Bywater) > 3. Re: Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions (Randy Mott) > 4. Re: Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions (Sam Wampler) > 5. Re: Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions (David Fulford) >________________ >Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2011 17:07:41 +0000 >From: "Gould, Merrill" <<a href="mailto:gouldm@anr.msu.edu">gouldm@anr.msu.edu</a>> >Subject: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions >To: "<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>" <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>> > <br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I have two questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>1.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Are there small farms with digesters in the United States? When I say small farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is the average herd size in Michigan. If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the US, but I would really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small farms in West Michigan about putting in a digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle with digesters outside of the United State? If so, where are they and what has their experience been with their digester?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>2.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Has anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing system?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Thanks in advance for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Michigan State University Extension<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>West Olive, Michigan<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>>________________ >Date: Fri, 7 Jan 2011 20:51:07 +1300 >From: Ian Bywater <<a href="mailto:ian.bywater@naturalsystems.co.nz">ian.bywater@naturalsystems.co.nz</a>> >Subject: Re: [Digestion] 250kW hot water biogas boiler >To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>> > <br>Hi Edward,<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I know a boiler expert here in Christchurch, New Zealand that I'm sure has the right expertise and can help.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Ian Bywater<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>On 7/01/2011, at 8:42 PM, Edward Matos wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>A milk processing company in our vicinity (Tanga, Tanzania) has had a lasting interest in converting its milk pasteurising process from running on propane to running on biogas. I am doing them a little favour by helping them to make a feasibility study and find the right people that will make this happen. Unfortunately I have very little experience in biogas combustion and would like to find out if anyone here is/knows someone who could help us on this subject.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>_________________<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>Director, Natural Systems Limited<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>(Unit 5B/ 3 Settlers Crescent)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>PO Box 41032<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>Christchurch 8247<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>New Zealand<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><br><img border=0 width=80 height=80 id="_x0030_709b3df-a13f-4e76-9136-36e88581ab16" src="cid:4280EC3B-9D12-4889-939C-764AC795F30B@gateway.2wire.net"></span><span class=apple-style-span><o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><br><br>T +64(0)3</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> </span></span><span class=apple-style-span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>376 5549</span></span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>M +64(0)27 579 6333<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>F +64(0)3 365 4146<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>S bywateri<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>W <a href="http://www.naturalsystems.co.nz">www.naturalsystems.co.nz</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>The Most Exciting Green Technology Company in New Zealand (NBR 2008)<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>Bayer Innovators Award finalist, 2010, Agriculture and Environment category<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=apple-style-span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'>NZ patent 530362</span></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:24.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:#317D12'><br><br></span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";color:black'><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><br>>________________ >Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 08:50:57 +0100 >From: "Randy Mott" <<a href="mailto:randymott@ceeres.eu">randymott@ceeres.eu</a>> >Subject: Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions >To: "'For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion'" <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>> > <br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>We don’t do projects in the US, but my understanding is that 500 cows is a rule of thumb. I have some literature….</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>On Rankin cycle engines, we have followed it closely in Europe and the US. There is about 15% more electricity that can come from the heat exhaust of the initial generators. The capex is about 1250 Euro/kW. We don’t have much incentive to do it in Poland since we sell the heat and also obtain a co-generation certificate for each MWe. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>GE Jenbacher is doing some development in Europe and eventually, I believe, will be trying to offer this as an option on its generators.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Randy Mott</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>CEERES</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Warsaw</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Gould, Merrill<br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 11, 2011 6:08 PM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I have two questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>1.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Are there small farms with digesters in the United States? When I say small farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is the average herd size in Michigan. If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the US, but I would really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small farms in West Michigan about putting in a digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle with digesters outside of the United State? If so, where are they and what has their experience been with their digester?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>2.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Has anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing system?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Thanks in advance for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Michigan State University Extension<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>West Olive, Michigan<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>>________________ >Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 05:20:28 -0800 >From: Sam Wampler <<a href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com">smwampler@avatarenergy.com</a>> >Subject: Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions >To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>> > <br><br><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a name="_MailEndCompose"><span style='color:#1F497D'>Nick,</span></a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Why don’t you have Kevin answer the below question about a small digester.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Sam</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellpadding=0 width="30%" style='width:30.52%'><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=118 height=27 id="_x0000_i1030" src="cid:image001.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/sam.GIF"></span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=139 height=25 id="_x0000_i1029" src="cid:image002.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/emaillogo.gif"></span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=15 height=10 id="_x0000_i1028" src="cid:image003.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/email_icon.gif"> </span></a><a href="mailto:smwampler@avatarenergy.com" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black'>smwampler@avatarenergy.com</span></a><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="http://www.avatarenergy.com" target="_blank"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=15 height=14 id="_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image004.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/web_icon.gif"> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black'>www.avatarenergy.com</span></a><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=18 height=10 id="_x0000_i1026" src="cid:image005.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/cell_icon.gif">336.446.9305 (Google Voice)</span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'><img border=0 width=18 height=10 id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image005.gif@01CBB231.90166700" alt="Description: http://www.avatarenergy.com/images/logos/cell_icon.gif">336.824.1389 (fax)</span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>Confidential Information<br>The information contained in this email message is intended only for the personal and confidential use of the recipient(s) named above. This message may be privileged and confidential and protected from disclosure. If the reader of this message is not the intended recipient or an agent responsible for delivering it to the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that you have received this document in error and that any review, dissemination, distribution, or copying of this message is strictly prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please notify us immediately by email, and delete the original message.</span><span style='color:#1F497D'><br> </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Randy Mott<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, January 12, 2011 2:51 AM<br><b>To:</b> 'For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion'<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankin Engine Questions</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>We don’t do projects in the US, but my understanding is that 500 cows is a rule of thumb. I have some literature….</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>On Rankin cycle engines, we have followed it closely in Europe and the US. There is about 15% more electricity that can come from the heat exhaust of the initial generators. The capex is about 1250 Euro/kW. We don’t have much incentive to do it in Poland since we sell the heat and also obtain a co-generation certificate for each MWe. </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>GE Jenbacher is doing some development in Europe and eventually, I believe, will be trying to offer this as an option on its generators.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Randy Mott</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>CEERES</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'>Warsaw</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='color:#1F497D'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;border-color:-moz-use-text-color -moz-use-text-color'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Gould, Merrill<br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 11, 2011 6:08 PM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I have two questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>1.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Are there small farms with digesters in the United States? When I say small farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is the average herd size in Michigan. If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the US, but I would really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small farms in West Michigan about putting in a digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle with digesters outside of the United State? If so, where are they and what has their experience been with their digester?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>2.<span style='font-size:7.0pt'> </span>Has anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing system?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Thanks in advance for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Michigan State University Extension<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>West Olive, Michigan<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>>________________ >Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2011 16:22:12 +0000 >From: David Fulford <<a href="mailto:davidf@kingdombio.com">davidf@kingdombio.com</a>> >Subject: Re: [Digestion] Small Digester and Rankine Engine Questions >To: For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion <<a href="mailto:digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org">digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>> >Cc: "Gould, Merrill" <<a href="mailto:gouldm@anr.msu.edu">gouldm@anr.msu.edu</a>> > <br>Charles and listers,<br><br>The best source of information on AD in USA is the AgSTAR project run by EPA (<a href="http://www.epa.gov/agstar/">www.epa.gov/agstar/</a>). They have a database of digesters, which includes a few small ones. <br><br>They point to the Minnesota Project (<a href="http://www.mnproject.org">www.mnproject.org</a>) which is trying to concentrate on biogas for small farms (125 cattle or less).<br><br>Regards,<br><br>David F<br><br>On 11/01/2011 17:07, Gould, Merrill wrote: <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Greetings:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I have two questions I am hoping someone has answers for:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>1. Are there small farms with digesters in the United States? When I say small farm I don’t mean 2-3 cows, I mean a farm with around 125 dairy cows, which is the average herd size in Michigan. If so, where are they and what has been their experience with their digester? I suspect there probably are no small farms with digesters in the US, but I would really like to know. I have had numerous inquiries from farmers with small farms in West Michigan about putting in a digester on their farm. If my assumption is correct that there are no small farms with digesters, are there farms with comparable numbers of dairy cattle with digesters outside of the United State? If so, where are they and what has their experience been with their digester?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoListParagraph style='text-indent:-18.0pt'>2. Has anyone had experience using a Rankine engine as part of an energy producing system?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Thanks in advance for any insight you can provide me.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Charles Gould<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Michigan State University Extension<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>West Olive, Michigan<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Digestion mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>for more information about digestion, see<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <o:p></o:p></p><p align=center style='text-align:center'>********************************************************************<br>Dr David Fulford CEnv MEI, 15, Brandon Ave, Woodley, Reading RG5 4PU <br><a href="mailto:d.j.fulford@btinternet.com">d.j.fulford@btinternet.com</a>, Tel: +44(0)118 326 9779 Mob: +44(0)7746 806401 <br>Kingdom Bioenergy Ltd, <a href="http://www.kingdombio.com">www.kingdombio.com</a>, <a href="mailto:davidf@kindombio.com">davidf@kindombio.com</a> <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>>________________ >_______________________________________________ >Digestion mailing list > >to Send a Message to the list, use the email address ><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a> > >to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page ><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a> > >for more information about digestion, see >Beginner's Guide to Biogas ><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a> >and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a> > <o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>_______________________________________________<br>Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>for more information about digestion, see<br>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><o:p></o:p></p></div></blockquote></div></body></html>