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<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">Hi all,</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> I am going to do something I swore I would never do. Unfortunately, I </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> just don't have the time and know that the folks on this list know </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> far more than me and can point me in the right direction.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> I live in a rural area where we are subject to occasional power cuts </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> (power lines down mostly due to weather) but, more importantly, our </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> power bills are rocketing as South Africa races to catch up to the </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> rest of the world in terms of cost of power. Historically we had paid </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> off coal fired power plants that gave us the lowest cost of power in </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> the world. Anyway, now that power costs are rising, own generation is</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> becoming an economic necessity.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> In my area we have a large number of dairy farms milking >500 cows. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> These are sizeable operations and the manure they produce is worth</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> pursuing.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> Typically they all have slurry dams and they spread their manure from </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> time to time (much to our temporary dismay while the odour kills us!).</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> The question is: what is an economical way of producing gas? Bear in </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> mind, efficiency is not an issue in this case. What we are talking </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> about is getting gas that can be cleaned up and fed into motors to </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> produce power. I am looking at using 3 litre petrol engines that will </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> push out about 50kW tops. So, we are not looking for anything fancy. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> A plugflow system would make most sense as they can pump it into the </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> one end while the processed material leaves the other. Heating </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> suggestions? What about using the engine exhaust to heat water and </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> circulate that around the reactor or use it to preheat the incoming </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> feed? Here I was simply thinking of a double tank with hot water in </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> the</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> outer tank... any other suggestions?</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> The other thing these farmers use a lot of is sileage (chopped maize </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> that is stored and allowed to ferment). Has anyone had experience </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> adding some of this to the AD?</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">> </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> Looking forward to hearing from you all!</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Courier New">>> Rex</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">>Greetings Re</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">x</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> can understand your problem and can only offer my</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">personal</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> advice!</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> </SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Electrical</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> energy out</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">of waste is a</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">n</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> expensive</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">/time consuming</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> process</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> would look into what</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> use my energy for and how can</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> reduce my</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">electrical</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">requirement!!</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> </SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Unfortunately</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> in this day and age</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> we look to</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">supplement</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> out currant energy consumption with renewable</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> energy –</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> ( not that this cannot be done) !!</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">W</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">e should be all reducing our energy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">requirements</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> as much as we can</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> and to</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> start log what we use and think how we can reduce, reduce, reduce. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Then</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> we create a picture of how much</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">electrical</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> we</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">need!!</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">and the do the</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">assessment</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> on what energy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> resourse, human waste</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">food waste, grass ect</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> you have</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">available</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> through this email</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">list you should understand how much energy you can get out of your waste!</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> I also look at your</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">waste Gas stream</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> Co2 and Biogas</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> most</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">dwellings</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> and building emit allot of gases and we</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">don’t know</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> about it !! </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">W</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">hen you no your total energy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">potential</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> both gas and solid</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> then work on redirecting</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">storing and converting your waste back to energy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">!! simple -</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> </SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">I</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> have a saying</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">–</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">“</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Waste is not waste</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">its</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"></FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"> <FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">unutilised</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial"> energy</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">”</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN><SPAN LANG="en-nz"></SPAN><A NAME=""><SPAN LANG="en-nz"><FONT SIZE=2 FACE="Arial">Bill Rucks </FONT></SPAN></A></P>
<P DIR=LTR><SPAN LANG="en-gb"></SPAN></P>
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