<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:"Cambria Math";
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Georgia;
panose-1:2 4 5 2 5 4 5 2 3 3;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p
{mso-style-priority:99;
margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:black;}
code
{mso-style-priority:99;
font-family:"Courier New";}
span.object2
{mso-style-name:object2;}
span.EstiloDeEmail20
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
span.EstiloDeEmail22
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:windowtext;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page WordSection1
{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=PT-BR link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>HI Rose:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>If you need more infotmations please do contact me.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>You may contact me by my private e-mail<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Best regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Raul Vergueiro Martins<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>rvm@sti.com.br<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>www.hydor.eng.br<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>SKYPE - martins.raul<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>De:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>Em nome de </b>envirowagg@comcast.net<br><b>Enviada em:</b> terça-feira, 21 de fevereiro de 2012 15:55<br><b>Para:</b> For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion<br><b>Assunto:</b> Re: [Digestion] RES: Fwd: After the Tank - pathogens<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>David, Wayne, Raul, Anard - Thank you very much for your knowledgeable responses and resources regarding dog waste digestion. This information will be very helpful for us as we pursue our Park Spark demo.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Rose Seemann<br>Aurora, CO USA<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center id=zwchr></span></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>From: </span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>"Martins" <rvm@sti.com.br><br><b>To: </b>david@h4c.org, "For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion" <digestion@lists.bioenergylists.org><br><b>Sent: </b>Monday, February 20, 2012 4:40:21 AM<br><b>Subject: </b>[Digestion] RES: Fwd: After the Tank - pathogens<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Hi David and Rose:</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>David, you went to the point I told nothing about in my last message.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>It is “retention time”.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>In a multi chamber digester, we have a minimum retention time of 60 days, and that is the reason for pathogens to be eliminated.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>In several studies I made many years ago, with a six chamber digester, I found 60 days to be a sufficient time, but you can add more anaerobic chambers for insurance.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>My goal at that time was to use biofertilizer in the preparation of nutrient solutions for organic hydroponics.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>From those studies I developed the Geo-hydroponics or Geoponic System that works extremely well.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Besides that, diluted biofertilizer proved to be an excellent foliar nutrient, and at the same time it acts as a very good organic agro toxic.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Concentrated or diluted biofertilizer proved to be extremely good in edible mushrooms production, using sand as substrate.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>We tested other substrates like straws (except rice straws, as it contains too much Aluminum), vermiculite and expanded clay.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>I think that mushroom production based on biofertilizer is something to be more tested and studied.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>But all is based on a biofertilizer got from a multi chamber digester.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Chinese and Indian kinds of biodigesters are not suited, as they don’t give us a complete biodigested biomass.</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>Raul Vergueiro Martins</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>rvm@sti.com.br</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>www.hydor.eng.br</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>SKYPE - martins.raul</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>De:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:digestion-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>Em nome de </b>David<br><b>Enviada em:</b> domingo, 19 de fevereiro de 2012 20:28<br><b>Para:</b> For Discussion of Anaerobic Digestion<br><b>Assunto:</b> Re: [Digestion] Fwd: After the Tank - pathogens</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Georgia","serif"'><br>Rose,<br></span><br>On 2/19/2012 2:23 PM, <a href="mailto:envirowagg@comcast.net" target="_blank">envirowagg@comcast.net</a> wrote: <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span class=object2><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Has anyone digested carnivore manure and tested the remaining material for canine pathogens (Coccidia, Biardia, Hookworms, Parvo Virus, Roundworms and Whipworms)? Would the microbes take care of these critters? We are interested in developing and installing a small module to accommodate waste at dog parks <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTBnXx-CMSo&feature=player_embedded" target="_blank">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zTBnXx-CMSo&feature=player_embedded</a></span></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>. Pick-up bags would be made of paper or anaerobically digestible film.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><br>There is a lot of literature on the safety of effluent. Basically, at ordinary mesophilic temps, destruction of most pathogens requires very long retention times-- months. (Parasites are more susceptible to mesophilic digestion.) At thermophilic temps-- comparable to the temperature inside an active compost pile-- anaerobic digestion can destroy pathogens at more ordinary retention times.<br><br>Of course, as well, rather than use a word like "destroy", which implies a complete absence of the offending organisms, a more scientific parlance would be to speak of reduction by factors of ten, to levels that are considered safe, even if some members of the species in question are still present.<br><br>Regardless, at least in my view, the effluent should not be used on land where food is grown, and it would be safest if the liquid effluent is buried and the de-watered effluent is composted.<br><br>There is, to my knowledge, only one paper extant on using dog manure to produce biogas: Comparatiw Study of the Potential of Dog Waste for Biogas Production, by Okomigwe et al, out of Nigeria.<br><br><br><br>d.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>-- <o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:13.0pt'>David William House</span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.5pt'>"The Complete Biogas Handbook" </span><code><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a href="about:blank" target="_blank">www.completebiogas.com</a></span></code><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><br><em>Vahid Biogas</em>, an alternative energy consultancy </span><code><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><a href="about:blank" target="_blank">www.vahidbiogas.com</a></span></code><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>"Make no search for water. But find thirst,<br>And water from the very ground will burst." </span><o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>(Rumi, a Persian mystic poet, quoted in <em><span style='font-family:"Courier New"'>Delight of Hearts</span></em>, p. 77) <br><br><a href="http://bahai.us/" target="_blank">http://bahai.us/</a></span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><br>_______________________________________________<br>Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>Digestion@bioenergylists.org<br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org<br><br>for more information about digestion, see<br>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br>http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/<br>and the Biogas Wiki http://biogas.wikispaces.com/<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>