<div>Dear Mr. Short,</div>
<div>the aerobic system of digestion was standardised by us in our own Institute. The main output is water, containing the dissolved minerals from the biomass. It can be supplied to plants even by a drip irrigation system. Our system is generally not advocated by any consultant because it is so simple and costs so little. There is no need to segregate the feedstock into biodegradable and non-biodegradable fractions. There is also no need to macerate the feedstock. The micro-organisms do the segregation and the maceration for you. After the microbes have removed the biodegradable fraction from the whole garbage, the non-biodegradable fraction can be segregrated into plastic, metal, glass etc. </div>
<div> Experts and commercial firms generally like to make things unnecessarily complicated, so that they can patent the system and then sell it at an exorbitant price. I have seen anaerobic digesters into which the user is supposed to introduce a daily dose of inoculum (which he has to purchase from the supplier of the system), or systems in which he has to adjust the pH daily. There are also systems in which the feedstock is macerated by using very fancy equipment (e.g. ultrasonic waves). <br>
This is however a forum for discussing anaerobic digestion. Therefore, I suggest that we continue our dialogue privately, if you are interested. <br>Yours</div>
<div>A.D.Karve</div>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 16, 2012 at 1:21 PM, Aiden Short <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:aidenshort@gmail.com" target="_blank">aidenshort@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT:#ccc 1px solid;MARGIN:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;PADDING-LEFT:1ex" class="gmail_quote">Dear Dr. Karve,
<div><br></div>
<div>Thank you for your response. The main objective of the installation is to valorise the organic fraction of the incoming solid waste thereby diverting it from landfill. The reason I was thinking of digestion was more as a space saver compared to composting. Indeed the site we have been supplied with may be slightly on the small side for composting such large amounts. The methane is really just a bonus in the system and a lesser amount may not be such a problem. </div>
<div><br></div>
<div>What would be the space requirements and retention times of a purely oxidative system as you described in your previous note? Do you have examples of somewhere such a system is installed and running? Would the output really be only water and CO2, surely there will be a substantial solid fraction? If so, can it be used as fertiliser? </div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Thanks again</div><span><font color="#888888">
<div><br></div></font></span>
<div><span><font color="#888888">Aiden</font></span>
<div>
<div><br><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 16, 2012 at 12:48 AM, Anand Karve <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:adkarve@gmail.com" target="_blank">adkarve@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT:#ccc 1px solid;MARGIN:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;PADDING-LEFT:1ex" class="gmail_quote">
<div>Dear Mr. Short,</div>
<div>do you wish to convert the organic fraction into methane or carbon dioxide? Nisargaruna is a biphasic system, in which the material is first subjected to aerobic digestion, using water preheated by a solar water heating system. The aerobically digested material is then introduced into an anaerobic chamber to get methane out of it. In this process, the more easily digested fraction, which would have normally produced methane under anaerobic conditions, gets oxidised to carbon dioxide in the aerobic phase itself, so that only the difficult-to-digest part goes into the anaerobic phase to yield a bit of methane. The figures that I got from a lecture by Dr. Kale (which I attended about 7 years ago) was that Nisargaruna yielded only about 1% methane on the basis of the dry weight of the organic matter introduced into it. After hearing Dr. Kale, I felt that it was too much of a bother and too much of an expense to get such a low yield of methane. It might be more economical to have only the aerobic phase, just oxidise the organic matter into carbon dioxide and water, and to use the water along with the dissolved mineral components for irrigating plants to save on fertilizer. <br>
Yours</div>
<div>A.D.Karve<br></div>
<div class="gmail_quote">
<div>
<div>On Tue, May 15, 2012 at 10:44 AM, <a href="mailto:davidf@kingdombio.co.uk" target="_blank">davidf@kingdombio.co.uk</a> Fulford <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:davidf@kingdombio.co.uk" target="_blank">davidf@kingdombio.co.uk</a>></span> wrote:<br>
</div></div>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT:#ccc 1px solid;MARGIN:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;PADDING-LEFT:1ex" class="gmail_quote">
<div>
<div><font style="FONT-FAMILY:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;FONT-SIZE:10pt">Dear Aiden Short and listers, <br><br>Look at the Nisargruna system developed by BARC in Mumbai (see <a>www.barc.ernet.in </a>). There are several groups seeking to commercialise this system in India. Dr Kale of BARC can advise you.<br>
<br>Best wishes, <br>David F <br><br>********************************************************************<br>Dr David Fulford CEnv MEI, 15, Brandon Ave, Woodley, Reading RG5 4PU<br><a href="mailto:d.j.fulford@btinternet.com" target="_blank">d.j.fulford@btinternet.com</a>, Tel: +44(0)118 326 9779 Mob: +44(0)7746 806401<br>
Kingdom Bioenergy Ltd, <a href="http://www.kingdombio.com/" target="_blank">www.kingdombio.com</a>, <a href="mailto:davidf@kindombio.com" target="_blank">davidf@kindombio.com</a><br>Skype Identity: djfulford<br><br><br><font face="Tahoma, Arial, Sans-Serif">
<hr align="center" size="2" width="100%">
<b>From</b>: "Aiden Short" <<a href="mailto:aidenshort@gmail.com" target="_blank">aidenshort@gmail.com</a>><br><b>Sent</b>: 15 May 2012 02:09<br><b>To</b>: <a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a>
<div><br><b>Subject</b>: [Digestion] Anaerobic digestion turn key contractors in India, preferably Delhi area</div></font><br>
<div><br>Hello,
<div><br></div>
<div>The connection to this list was provided to me by Christian Lohri of EAWAG.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I am in the process of designing a 12 TPD Materials Recovery Facility for the municipality of Gurgaon, an outskirt of Delhi. I am hoping of treating the organic fraction of this waste (an estimated 6 TPD) through anaerobic digestion. I am therefore looking for any contractor who may be able to work on a design and implementation scheme for an anaerobic digestion plant in Gurgaon. It would be preferable if the contractor had experience of plants of similar size. </div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I would be grateful for any assistance you may be able to provide and look forward to hearing back from you soon<br clear="all">
<div><br></div>-- <br>
<div>Aiden Short</div>
<div>Technical Adviser</div>
<div>Chintan Environmental Research and Action Group</div>
<div>C14 Second Floor</div>
<div>Lajpat Nagar</div>
<div>Delhi</div>
<div>India</div>
<div>+918445738592</div><br></div><br></div></font><br></div></div>_______________________________________________<br>Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>for more information about digestion, see<br>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br><br></blockquote></div><span><font color="#888888"><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>***<br>Dr. A.D. Karve<br>Trustee & Founder President, Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI)<br><br><br></font></span><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>
<a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>for more information about digestion, see<br>
Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all">
<div><br></div>-- <br>
<div>Aiden Short</div>
<div>Technical Adviser</div>
<div>Chintan Environmental Research and Action Group</div>
<div>C14 Second Floor</div>
<div>Lajpat Nagar</div>
<div>Delhi</div>
<div>India</div>
<div>+918445738592</div><br></div></div></div><br>_______________________________________________<br>Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>for more information about digestion, see<br>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br><br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>***<br>Dr. A.D. Karve<br>Trustee & Founder President, Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI)<br><br><br>