The other side of such "indigestible" diets, is slow activity like Pandas, Koalas, sloths, ant eaters, because of the low energy value and need to break down otherwise toxic substances, many of these species have an otherwise lethargic physical activity, <br>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, May 24, 2012 at 10:51 AM, Duncan Martin <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:duncanjmartin@gmail.com" target="_blank">duncanjmartin@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Peter & all<div><br></div><div>Koalas are far from the only animals that thrive on a diet that we'd consider indigestible - think of termites and other insects that eat dry wood for example.</div><div><br></div><div>
However, many animals deal with such 'lean' diets not by highly-efficient digestion but by simply eating large volumes, which of course goes with the production of large amounts of dung (and good dung too, with plenty of food value too - for those with a taste for such delicacies!).</div>
<div><br></div><div>I don't think it follows that such animals have better digestive systems than others, which I <i>think</i> was the implication of the introduction of the koala into the debate. But there might be some scientific interest - who knows!</div>
<div><br></div><div>Duncan Martin (Dr)</div><div>Cloughjordan Ecovillage</div><div>Ireland<div><div class="h5"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On 19 May 2012 02:10, Anand Karve <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:adkarve@gmail.com" target="_blank">adkarve@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div>Dear Alex,</div>
<div>our Institute constructed an ARTI type biogas plant (constructed from two plastic water tanks) for a college of veterinary science, in Mumbai. This biogas plant has been provided with an additional tank with a stirrer, in which the dung is first mixed with an appropriate quantity of water to make a slurry. This slurry is then let into the biogas plant. This plant accepts dung of a large variety of animals, and I am quite sure that it would also work on elephant dung. Removal of fibrous residue from a biogas plant is a problem, which we often face if green leaves are used as feedstock. The midribs and veins have lignin in them and they are not digested. This material has to be removed from the digester at regular intervals by opening a drain valve specially provided for this purpose. </div>
<div>Yours</div>
<div>A.D.Karve<br><br></div>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, May 18, 2012 at 11:46 PM, David <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:david@h4c.org" target="_blank">david@h4c.org</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT:#ccc 1px solid;MARGIN:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;PADDING-LEFT:1ex" class="gmail_quote">
<div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><font face="Georgia"><br>Alex,<br></font>
<div><br>On 5/17/2012 8:22 PM, Alexander Eaton wrote:
<blockquote type="cite">Any data or thoughts on this? We are doing a really cool zoo project, and we will be testing a number of animal wastes, one being Elefant (hippo also included). </blockquote><br></div>Work has been done on this by researchers working at the Toronto, Denver and Portland OR zoos, among others.<br>
<br>I know of at least three freely available papers that bear (pun intended) on the issue (as previously):<br><br>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>“Energy Production from Zoo Animal Wastes”, Klasson and Nghiem, 2003 (poster <a href="http://www.ornl.gov/sci/eere/PDFs/Zoodoopost.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>, paper <a href="http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/pdf_files/123/1238059703.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>)<br>
<br>"Biogas from elephant dung: a means of mitigating human-elephant conflict", Wijeyamohan (<a href="http://www.asesg.org/PDFfiles/Gajah/22-62-Wijeyamohan.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>)<br><br>"Biogas as Renewable Energy from Organic Wastes", Karki et al (<a href="http://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C17/E6-58-09-10.pdf" target="_blank">here</a>)<br>
</blockquote></blockquote><br>And another, hard to find on-line:<br><br>
<blockquote>
<blockquote>"Biogas Production from Elephant Dung at the National Elephant Institute Project", by The National Elephant Institute (Thailand)<span><font color="#888888"><br></font></span></blockquote>
<span><font color="#888888"></font></span></blockquote><span><font color="#888888"><br>d.<br><br><br><br>
<div>-- <br>
<div><span style="FONT-SIZE:110%">David William House<br></span>
<div style="PADDING-LEFT:3em;FONT-SIZE:80%">"The Complete Biogas Handbook" <code><a href="http://www.completebiogas.com/" target="_blank">www.completebiogas.com</a></code><br><em>Vahid Biogas</em>, an alternative energy consultancy <code><a href="http://www.vahidbiogas.com/" target="_blank">www.vahidbiogas.com</a><br>
<br></code></div><code>
<div style="PADDING-LEFT:2em">"Make no search for water. But find thirst,<br>And water from the very ground will burst."
<div style="PADDING-LEFT:2em;FONT-SIZE:80%">(Rumi, a Persian mystic poet, quoted in <em>Delight of Hearts</em>, p. 77) <br><br><a href="http://bahai.us/" target="_blank">http://bahai.us/</a></div></div></code></div></div>
</font></span></div><br>_______________________________________________<br>Digestion mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>for more information about digestion, see<br>Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br><a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br><br></blockquote></div><span><font color="#888888"><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>***<br>Dr. A.D. Karve<br>Trustee & Founder President, Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI)<br><br><br>
</font></span><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Digestion mailing list<br>
<br>
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>
<a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>
<a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
for more information about digestion, see<br>
Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br>
<a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>
and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div></div>
<br>_______________________________________________<br>
Digestion mailing list<br>
<br>
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br>
<a href="mailto:Digestion@bioenergylists.org">Digestion@bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>
<a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/digestion_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
for more information about digestion, see<br>
Beginner's Guide to Biogas<br>
<a href="http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/" target="_blank">http://www.adelaide.edu.au/biogas/</a><br>
and the Biogas Wiki <a href="http://biogas.wikispaces.com/" target="_blank">http://biogas.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br>
<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div><div style="text-align:left"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12px;line-height:15px"><br></span></font></div><div>Skype: Joshua.bogart</div>
<div>Emial: <a href="mailto:Joshua.bogart@gmail.com" target="_blank">Joshua.bogart@gmail.com</a></div></div><br>