[Gasification] raising H2 concentration indowndraft gasification
Pannirselvam P.V
pannirbr at gmail.com
Sun Dec 22 04:25:24 CST 2013
Greetings to Rex and all list members
*Happy holiday Xmas, New year to All the list members *
We have very good open technical information exchange here and a
special happy holiday greetings to the very well organized technical
team members of the list , well managed by our Word wide list
Coordinator Tom Mile , make possible all about biomass gasification
in one place , the image ,videos, all the list members many text comments
in an organised , easy to acess from anywheer from any time .
*Very Important unsolved Gasification design problems *
Coming to the very good topics REX has brought here , we need to realy
break this silence of many list members as the topic is very , very
importante one , need active atention of all list members , not silence
one can expects .
*The h2 rich syngas *
The hydrogen rich syngas can be obtianed using pyrogas , charcoal
with recycled syngas at high tempertaures above 800, as C02 will be
reduced , some methane may be there,
The carcoal can help to reduce c02 , as well provide energy needed , as
already pointed out by REX
This hydrogen rich gas can be used for bio oil enrichmento to make
valuable biocrude using mixed catalyst as one with Ficher tropics Fe
as outline to make oil from c02 , as well as bio oil leaving ,syngas
without the h2 , as this can be recycled back to make h2 rich
syngas from pyrogas as described aboove
Thus there is syngas loop , and there is no need to worry about PSA C02
problemas .
Thus pyrolysis can play key role along with charcoal gasification
routes for syngas .Use of steam to increase the h2 is also need to be done
as very well outilned by Kelvin and Tomm need .The heat needed all can
be obtained using syngas and steam production too depending on the local
demand
*Syngas loop proven technology *
Syngas recycle to biomass gasification to make methanol via hygenol
is already proven to be viable to make methanol , howvever syngas use to
biomass gasification can be more complex one.As pyrogas is is the route
, as you prove the h2 requirement is less, this new h2 enriched gas
without any need using only pyrogas and recycled gas with charcoal can
make possible the h2 needed to make decentralised biomassrefinery
production to make biooil crude oil, biochar ,syngas in a integratedway
*Small biorefinery from biomass need not be very big and complex*
As this innovative process design is very complex, Rex , one cannot
expect more idea, thus more silence from list members is taking
place.Even list coordinatior usual comment from Tom ,what all list members
can expects. One of our list the best Technical expertTom Reed ,
his very long year of practical experience need to becombined with your
projects..
*Small Biomass refinery need To energy products need to practical proven
one *
Already one company from Europe sell comercialy via linkedin group , a
system to make biocrude oil wirth mechanical contact direct catalytic
hydrogenation of biomass. The required h2 is obtained from
fractionationation of biooilcrude oil ,as outlined by REX. More
information about this comercial process is available via linked in
social Netwok .
I*nnovation with ideas via Brain storming of all is an urgent need, not
the silence *
We need more ideas, sugestion from young list members , not silence as
unexpeted from REX, as even very bad idea, sugestion can help to find the
correct best innovative path .The brain storming by severl list members ,
not silence, can be made possible. We ,the list members all are very
well conected by list Many , all all know the basics of biomass,
gasification . Even the new one can learn very fast ,as chemistry
behind the technology is well explained her our expert Tom Reed make
more clear the required chemical pathway in order to make the technology
outlined well too as the design requirementos .Thus sure new 2014 we
can solve the pyrolysis combined gasification as small birefinery for
energy the required design problems ,clearly well defined by REX. The
solution related to enegy problems given by Kelvins. The science
required by Tom Reed, as we small chemical engineering research group ,
the recycle process needed for process synthesis.
thus innovative proces need both process design problems, process
synthesis, process analysis.All can innovate ,give ideas as silence make
one pasive , let us all be ative as the per coreect wish from REX and list
coordinator
King regards
Pannirselvam P.V
******************************************************************************************
ᐧ
Dr.PAGANDAI .V.PANNIRSELVAM
ASSOCIATE . PROF.UFRN.
Research Group ,GPEC, Coordinator Computer aided Cost engineering
DEQ – Departamento de Engenharia Química
CT – Centro de Tecnologia / UFRN, Lagoa Nova – Nata
*l/RN Campus Universitário. CEP: 59.072-970;North East,Brazil*
*pannirbr at gmail.com <pannirbr at gmail.com>*
********************************************************************************************
On Sun, Dec 22, 2013 at 4:26 AM, Rex Zietsman <rex at whitfieldfarm.co.za>wrote:
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>
>
> Dear Tom and the List,
>
> Happy holidays to all and merry Christmas for the 25th.
>
> Believe it or not, but we are going via liquefaction and catalytic cracking
> aided by in situ hydrotreating and deoxygenation of long chain hydrocarbon
> molecules all in one reactor. We produce a decent deoxygenated oil, not
> pyrolysis oil. Low yield - only about 250 litres/ton of 15% MC biomass.
> When
> tested via the ASTM tests for diesel, it has a longer tail at both high and
> low boilers - easily fixed with fractionation. But, if the starting
> feedstock contains sulphur, the residual sulphur is about 10% of the
> incoming. This can be as high as 500ppm in the oil which is fine for
> "standard" diesel. To make ultralow sulphur diesel we have to hydrotreat.
> Hence the hydrogen requirement.
>
> In one of our projects, we have waste vegetable oil at a good price. The
> idea is to deoxygenate this oil to produce a diesel similar to that from
> crude oil. Here the hydrogen requirement is high in the range of 30kg/ton.
> As it is still relatively small ie 1200 litres/hour, we need 30kg/hour of
> H2. Hence the post.
>
> All the best
> Rex
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Thomas Reed [mailto:tombreed2010 at gmail.com]
> Sent: 21 December 2013 12:07 AM
> To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification
> Cc: <gasification at lists.bioenergylists.org>; John M. Bradley; Chuck
> Stevenson
> Subject: Re: [Gasification] raising H2 concentration in downdraft
> gasification
>
> Dear Rex and All;
>
> Merry Xmas and happy synthesizing.
>
> Rex must be a chemical engineer because he has outlined the problem nicely
> below.
>
> A partial solution is reaction of only the 80% cellulose in the wood to
> make
> a synthesis gas:
>
> C6H10O5 + 1/2 O2 ===> 6 CO + 5 H2
>
> And leaving the 20% lignin behind as charcoal (Biochar) for soil enrichment
> and atmospheric CO2 reduction.
>
> Reaction of part of the CO with water reduces the unbalance to an excellent
> synthesis gas:
>
> 6 CO + 5 H2 + 3 H2O ===> 3 CO + 8 H2. || ==> 3CH2 (oil) + 3 H2
>
> Leaving enough excess H2 to drive the reaction forward. Toplit Updraft
> gasification consumes the cellulose , leaving the lignin as Biochar.
>
> <><><>
>
> I am an expert in molecular sieves, and have made a quantity of a Fischer
> Tropsch catalyst with one isolated Fe atom per unit cell. Should make a
> low
> MW diesel.
>
> <><><>
>
> If anyone has the means, and would like to pursue this, contact me
> privately
> with an offer.
>
> Tom Reed
>
> Dr. Thomas B Reed
> 280 Hardwick Rd
> Barre, Ma 01005
> 508-353-7841
>
> > On Dec 16, 2013, at 2:56 AM, "Rex Zietsman" <rex at whitfieldfarm.co.za>
> wrote:
> >
> > Hi All,
> >
> > We are looking at a system that will hydrotreat bio oils from
> > pyrolysis, catalytic cracking and vegetable oil. For this we need in
> > the region of 30kg hydrogen/ton oil. At small scale ie 1 ton oil/hour,
> > this works out at, you guessed it, 30kg of hydrogen/hour. As this is a
> > small amount in the overall scheme of things, we are looking at
> > gasifying wood chips and to recover the hydrogen using pressure swing
> > absorption. What I would like to know is whether we can increase the
> > H2 concentration in syngas by tweaking the gasifier. Clearly we can
> > look at the water gas shift reaction but, as the syngas has to be
> > cooled, washed, pressurised and reheated, it is quite an additional
> > investment for the scale we are looking at. If we could simply up the
> > H2 content, we would go straight from washing to PSA. Residual gas
> > would be piped to a diesel generator where CO and the like will be
> combusted prior to exhaust to atmosphere.
> >
> > For easy mental arithmetic, let us assume a 33% H2 concentration in
> > dry syngas. 30kg/hour of H2 is 15kmol/hour or 15/0.33 = 45kmol/hour of
> > syngas. A kmol of gas has a volume of 22.4 Nm3. So, to get 30kg/hour
> > requires 22.4 x
> > 45 = 1000 Nm3 syngas/hour (mental arithmetic here, go with the flow).
> > Assuming an 80% PSA recovery this means that we need 1250Nm3/hour of
> syngas.
> > Not a bad sized downdraft gasifier! Assuming 6MJ/Nm3, this is around a
> > 2MW thermal unit. If we can get the H2 concentration up to say 40%,
> > then the syngas requirement would be 37.5kmol/hour or 37.5/45 x 1250 =
> > roughly 80% of
> > 1250 or roughly 1000 Nm3 syngas/hour. This reduces the size of
> > gasifier to 1.6MW thermal and more sensible in size.
> >
> >
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