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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>Hi Dr Karve,</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG></STRONG></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>In your response to Rolf you
suggest:</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The tars from a gasifier contain a group of
chemicals called<BR>pyroligneous acids, which can be degraded by soil
micro-organisms. So,<BR>they should serve as food for the soil microbes.I do not
know what<BR>happens to the rest of the tar in the soil.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><FONT face=Arial
size=2><STRONG></STRONG></FONT></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>In my reply and
suggestion to Rolf that you can use tar a briquette charcoal binder, it was
in the context of using the char for a combustion application, not soil
enhancement. It would seem a waste of effort to briquette fine chars then break
them down again for soil applications. I was advised of an instance only
last week, of a char trial that killed the crop, so it's not as simple as
one might think. </STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV><STRONG></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>I am working in association with a number of people who are
designing chars for soil applications, and there is some evidence that charcoals
made for cooking and heating, are less appropriate for soils, excluding
those used for carbon reefs for sequestration, as these are not for soil
improvement. There is also evidence that chars need selection for soil
types, and as a discussion, better suited to one of the other forums facilitated
by Tom Miles.</STRONG></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>Doug Williams,</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>Fluidyne.</STRONG></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>