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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Geoff:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Flotsam moves with its suspending medium with no cost. Ever rowed upstream? It’s grossly inefficient and makes one wish that they were on a towpath. Work is defined in foot-pounds of energy spent. Oh! If only every waterway ran downhill!<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The resistive forces of going against a current (or merely moving forward in still water) are well understood.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Just to be On Topic I’d like to say: Pyrolysis and Gasification.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Best, Mark<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>GF<br><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, May 29, 2011 22:11<br><b>To:</b> gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Gasification] OT, now, Boat pulls easier than Cart?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>I will guess humanity made boats before inventing the wheel<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>canals came before railways 1 hp could move 100 tons mile after mile<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>I was up on Armory and discovered an ancient dried up canal associated with an old copper mine.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>It was about 30 inches wide and about the same depth, it meandered around the side of a hill to the edge of a cliff<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>and was at least 1/4 mile long and several hundred years old.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>An interesting relic showing the importance of material movements using water as a means of transport due to the lack of friction.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:4.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>GF <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>-----Original Message-----<br>From: Anand Karve <adkarve@gmail.com><br>To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification <gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>Sent: Mon, May 30, 2011 12:34 am<br>Subject: Re: [Gasification] OT, now, Boat pulls easier than Cart?<o:p></o:p></span></p><div id="AOLMsgPart_0_f2f9193b-522a-443c-85cf-c0b062f273ee"><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>Dear List,<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>I am neither an engineer nor a physicist, but a biologist. I made the<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>observation that nature did not evolve wheeled locomotion because a<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>smooth road was a prerequisite for wheeled transport. Even humans,<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>who developed wheeled transport, use it only on roads or rails and not<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>elsewhere. .<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>Yours<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>A.D.Karve<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>On Mon, May 30, 2011 at 4:33 AM, Arnt Karlsen <<a href="mailto:arnt@c2i.net">arnt@c2i.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>> On Sun, 29 May 2011 10:59:55 -0700, Henri wrote in message<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>> <<a href="mailto:857E9F7D-AEB5-488F-8D4C-DC0B87A2D3A1@telusplanet.net">857E9F7D-AEB5-488F-8D4C-DC0B87A2D3A1@telusplanet.net</a>>:<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>> ..well, this list speaks volumes for itself. ;oD<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>> Never know a bird brain could evolve to that<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>> Sent from my iPhone<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>> On May 29, 2011, at 7:08 AM, Jeff Davis <<a href="mailto:jeff0124@velocity.net">jeff0124@velocity.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>>><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>Gasification mailing list<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><o:p> </o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'>for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre><pre style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><tt><span style='color:black'><a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a><o:p></o:p></span></tt></pre></div></div></div></body></html>