<div>P. productus strains available</div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div><a href="http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/AllCollectionSearch/tabid/454/Default.aspx">http://www.atcc.org/ATCCAdvancedCatalogSearch/AllCollectionSearch/tabid/454/Default.aspx</a></div>
<div> </div>
<div><br><br> </div>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Jul 20, 2011 at 4:24 PM, phillip manske <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:pdmanske@gmail.com">pdmanske@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex" class="gmail_quote">
<div><strong>This art talks about p. productus, which is relevant to this discussion but only the abstract is "free".</strong></div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Study of gaseous substrate fermentations: Carbon monoxide conversion to acetate. 2. Continuous culture</div>
<div>J. L. Vega, G. M. Antorrena, E. C. Clausen, J. L. GaddyArticle first published online: 18 FEB 2004</div>
<div> </div>
<div>DOI: 10.1002/bit.260340608</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Copyright © 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</div>
<div>Issue </div>
<div>Biotechnology and Bioengineering</div>
<div>Volume 34, Issue 6, pages 785–793, September 1989</div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div>The fermentation of gaseous substrates such as CO, H2, and CO2 may be performed in a continuous stirred tank reactor, as well as the traditional batch reactor. In this article, the conversion of carbon monoxide by Peptostreptococcus productus is demonstrated in a stirred tank reactor under both mass transfer-controlled and nonmass transfer-controlled conditions. Utilizing a non-steady-state procedure, intrinsic rates are evaluated under non-mass transfer-controlled conditions in a time period of only 5–6 hours. A steady-state procedure was used to evaluate CSTR performance under mass transfer-controlled conditions. The mass transfer coefficient was calculated, followed by the development of a model to predict CSTR behavior for this gas phase substrate.</div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div><strong>This is a general art about the other fuel making microbes</strong></div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Kennes,Article first published online: 20 JAN 2011</div>
<div> </div>
<div>DOI: 10.1002/bbb.256</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</div>
<div>Issue </div>
<div>Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining</div>
<div>Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 93–114, January/February 2011</div>
<div>Additional Information(Show All)</div>
<div>How to CiteAuthor InformationPublication History</div>
<div>How to Cite</div>
<div>Abubackar, H. N., Veiga, M. C. and Kennes,, C. (2011), Biological conversion of carbon monoxide: rich syngas or waste gases to bioethanol. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 5: 93–114. doi: 10.1002/bbb.256</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Author Information</div>
<div>University of La Coruña, Spain</div>
<div>Email: Christian Kennes, (<a href="mailto:Kennes@udc.es" target="_blank">Kennes@udc.es</a>) </div>
<div> </div>
<div>*Correspondence: Christian Kennes,, Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Coruña, Rúa da Fraga 10, 15008 La Coruña, Spain.</div>
<div> </div>
<div>Publication History</div>
<div>Issue published online: 20 JAN 2011</div>
<div>Article first published online: 20 JAN 2011</div>
<div>Manuscript Accepted: 6 OCT 2010</div>
<div>Manuscript Revised: 16 SEP 2010</div>
<div>Manuscript Received: 29 JUL 2010</div>
<div>SEARCH</div>
<div>Search Scope All contentPublication titlesIn this journalIn this issueBy Citation </div>
<div>Search String </div>
<div> </div>
<div>Advanced >Saved Searches >SEARCH BY CITATION</div>
<div>Volume:</div>
<div> Issue:</div>
<div> Page:</div>
<div> ARTICLE TOOLS</div>
<div>Get PDF (391K)</div>
<div>Save to My Profile</div>
<div>E-mail Link to this Article</div>
<div>Export Citation for this Article</div>
<div>Get Citation Alerts</div>
<div>Request PermissionsAbstractArticleReferencesCited ByView Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (391K)</div>
<div>Keywords:syngas;CO-rich waste gas;biofuel;ethanol;homoacetogens;bioreactors</div>
<div>Abstract</div>
<div>Bioconversion of syngas/waste gas components to produce ethanol appears to be a promising alternative compared to the existing chemical techniques. Recently, several laboratory-scale studies have demonstrated the use of acetogens that have the ability to convert various syngas components (CO, CO2, and H2) to multicarbon compounds, such as acetate, butyrate, butanol, lactate, and ethanol, in which ethanol is often produced as a minor end-product. This bioconversion process has several advantages, such as its high specificity, the fact that it does not require a highly specific H2/CO ratio, and that biocatalysts are less susceptible to metal poisoning. Furthermore, this process occurs under mild temperature and pressure and does not require any costly pre-treatment of the feed gas or costly metal catalysts, making the process superior over the conventional chemical catalytic conversion process. The main challenge faced for commercializing this technology is the poor aqueous solubility of the gaseous substrates (mainly CO and H2). In this paper, a critical review of CO-rich gas fermentation to produce ethanol has been analyzed systematically and published results have been compared. Special emphasis has been given to understand the microbial aspects of the conversion process, by highlighting the role of different micro-organisms used, pathways, and parameters affecting the bioconversion. An analysis of the process fundamentals of various bioreactors used for the biological conversion of CO-rich gases, mainly syngas to ethanol, has been made and reported in this paper. Various challenges faced by the syngas fermentation process for commercialization and future research requirements are also discussed. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd</div>
<div> </div>
<div>View Full Article (HTML) Get PDF (391K)More content like thisFind more content: like this articleFind more content written by:Haris Nalakath AbubackarMaría C. VeigaChristian Kennes,All Authors</div>
<div> </div>
<div><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.256/pdf" target="_blank">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.256/pdf</a></div>
<div>
<div></div>
<div class="h5">
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div>
<div>On Wed, Jul 20, 2011 at 3:39 PM, Thomas Reed <<a href="mailto:tombreed2010@gmail.com" target="_blank">tombreed2010@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>> Dear Anand</div>
<div>></div>
<div>> My impression is that bacteria adjust to conditions: If you build it, they will come.</div>
<div>></div>
<div>> Yes or no?</div>
<div>></div>
<div>> Tom Reed</div>
<div>></div>
<div>></div>
<div>></div>
<div>> Dr Thomas B Reed</div>
<div>> President, The Biomass Energy Foundation</div>
<div>> <a href="http://www.woodgas.com/" target="_blank">www.Woodgas.com</a></div>
<div>></div>
<div>> On Jul 20, 2011, at 3:06 PM, phillip manske <<a href="mailto:pdmanske@gmail.com" target="_blank">pdmanske@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>></div>
<div>>> This is my bacteria. There are many like it, but this one is mine.</div>
<div>>> My bacteria is my best friend. It is my life. I must master it as I</div>
<div>>> must master my life.</div>
<div>>> My bacteria, without me, is useless. Without my bacteria, I am</div>
<div>>> useless. I must fire my bacteria true. I must shoot straighter than my</div>
<div>>> enemy who is trying to kill me. I must shoot him before he shoots me.</div>
<div>>> I will...</div>
<div>>> My bacteria and myself know that what counts in this war is not the</div>
<div>>> rounds we fire, the noise of our burst, nor the smoke we make. We know</div>
<div>>> that it is the hits that count. We will hit...</div>
<div>>> My bacteria is human, even as I, because it is my life. Thus, I will</div>
<div>>> learn it as a brother. I will learn its weaknesses, its strength, its</div>
<div>>> parts, its accessories, its sights and its barrel. I will ever guard</div>
<div>>> it against the ravages of weather and damage as I will ever guard my</div>
<div>>> legs, my arms, my eyes and my heart against damage. I will keep my</div>
<div>>> bacteria clean and ready. We will become part of each other. We</div>
<div>>> will...</div>
<div>>> Before God, I swear this creed. My bacteria and myself are the</div>
<div>>> defenders of my country. We are the masters of our enemy. We are the</div>
<div>>> saviors of my life.</div>
<div>>> So be it, until victory is America's and there is no enemy, but peace!</div>
<div>>></div>
<div>>> <<a href="mailto:pdmanske@gmail.com" target="_blank">pdmanske@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>> Hi all,</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> This pathway should be the most simple so its likely a good place to</div>
<div>>>> start. I'm not certain what to do first. I liked shopping for</div>
<div>>>> reactors and why not? Shopping is fun. I was unaware there are large</div>
<div>>>> (1000 gal) glass lined reactors.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> Where to start? In my clumsy manner I say get a microscope and then</div>
<div>>>> the strain ($250 from ATC)</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> Look at the freeze dried 'crobes under the scope. Should see shoe</div>
<div>>>> leather plus the "meat" packing that comes with the strain.</div>
<div>>>> Re animate using only distilled water and examine under scope</div>
<div>>>> Re animate and add nutrients and look under scope</div>
<div>>>> See how long that batch lasts</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> Re animate using nutrients plus extra feed like fructose or yeast extract</div>
<div>>>> This should be enough to keep the culture alive for a regular</div>
<div>>>> lifetime of the 'crobes.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> PV, is this close? Are my techniques sound?</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> My technique is a combination practical effort plus me releaning lab techniques.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> I'm not clear on how to do census. You are supposed to sample from</div>
<div>>>> the quadrants and the center. Anaerobes are supposed to collect away</div>
<div>>>> from O2 and that means the bottom of the vessel.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> I don't know how long that nutrient will last. The CO and CO2 feed is</div>
<div>>>> like making the 'crobes live on bananas. Bananas are healthy but its</div>
<div>>>> not nutritious enough for life, hence the vitamin pill like nutrients</div>
<div>>>> that are necessary. The calories come from the gases, the vitamins</div>
<div>>>> come from the nutrients.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> I wanted to hire someone to do this because I'm just gonna bash around</div>
<div>>>> int he early stages and then likely later on too. Maybe i can get by</div>
<div>>>> with a consult.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> I can't do mcuh until I get my libary card, there is mcuh more</div>
<div>>>> material to read than what I have collected so far.</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> Phillip</div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>>> On Wed, Jul 20, 2011 at 11:53 AM, Pannirselvam P.V <<a href="mailto:pannirbr@gmail.com" target="_blank">pannirbr@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>> Dea Dr T.Reed and Philip</div>
<div>>>>> The CO2 and CO from producer gas can provide acetate, thus ,</div>
<div>>>>> there is no need for carbohyrates , this low quality producer gas can be</div>
<div>>>>> upgraded. The system is more solid gas tricking filter bio reactor .</div>
<div>>>>> Dr Thomas is correct that the mixed bacteria systems can , at room</div>
<div>>>>> temperature solid liquid slurry in know biodigster system the reaction</div>
<div>>>>> he wrote , but let input of CH2O , more CO and CO2 , via adoptation need</div>
<div>>>>> to be done for gas solid biodigestors</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> Unlike conventional bio digestor, there is a need to make</div>
<div>>>>> the correct mixed bacteria that can make acetate (acids) from gas , then</div>
<div>>>>> methane is synthesised by hydrogen bacteria via CO water shift to</div>
<div>>>>> hydrogen, which readily combine with CO to make methane , as well as</div>
<div>>>>> CO2.( At atm pressure , low temperature ), wher as very high temp used to</div>
<div>>>>> make co shift via thermoconversion system</div>
<div>>>>> The problems with this new system , unlike conventional biodidestor, is</div>
<div>>>>> the bacter cell growth and viability without carbohydrate (CH20) ,</div>
<div>>>>> unlike the system which Dr.Reed has correctly wrotefor the biogas</div>
<div>>>>> production where ther is also parelel auto catalytics bacteria</div>
<div>>>>> reproducation .Philip Manske here in his recent post has reported thatv the</div>
<div>>>>> CO make bacterial cell gorwth and viabilit possible .This is very</div>
<div>>>>> positive good results .Biodigestor bacterial catatyst has the problem</div>
<div>>>>> of useful active life time ,The biocatalysts , microbes ,do not have</div>
<div>>>>> unlimited life time of activity .Need to be replaced .This is considered to</div>
<div>>>>> be negative point , but can be managed, with economic loss too</div>
<div>>>>> Instead of separating and upgrading SNG obtained from low quality</div>
<div>>>>> producer gas via bioprocessos , the direct use of this for charcoal</div>
<div>>>>> gasification can give biochar and high quality syngas for metanol or</div>
<div>>>>> ethanol via bio or thermoconversion .</div>
<div>>>>> Thus small biorefineray of coupled biotherm process , origionally</div>
<div>>>>> patended by IGT, USA can be adopted and make posible for CHP energy</div>
<div>>>>> production and methanol Co production as small grid based biorefinery.</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> Dr Reed , can be consider as origional thinker and father who had long</div>
<div>>>>> time vision of sustainable syngas, methanol frrom biomass and bioenergy</div>
<div>>>>> power .His long time dream can be reality as compared to biomass ethanol</div>
<div>>>>> projects sustainabilty of several waste biomass residues upgrading into</div>
<div>>>>> biopower .As the gasoline , ethanol ,methanol can be well mixed , can go</div>
<div>>>>> well more sustainable transportation fuel ate present and future</div>
<div>>>>> For the same yet proven technology are needed , Integrated However</div>
<div>>>>> the Biotherm process ,CHP and methanol are complex system ,need good</div>
<div>>>>> system design and engineering work from diversified experts, but not as</div>
<div>>>>> such as big petro refinery projects</div>
<div>>>>> Our lists do have this diversity , dynamic members , thus make possible to</div>
<div>>>>> compare known technology , innovate new one do , get help from experts from</div>
<div>>>>> this list made posible by TOM</div>
<div>>>>> Some off topics are good , but need not exceed the main topics too</div>
<div>>>>> Your sincerely</div>
<div>>>>> Panirselvam P.V</div>
<div>>>>> Brazil</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> On Tue, Jul 19, 2011 at 5:51 PM, Thomas Reed <<a href="mailto:tombreed2010@gmail.com" target="_blank">tombreed2010@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> Dear Phillip</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> The power generation sounds interesting.</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> What is the feed sock for the digester? Carbohydrates?</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> 2 CH2O ===> CH4 + H2O.</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> A dr, carve in India has built a small digestor that produces all the</div>
<div>>>>>> methane needed to cook the meals.</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> I suppose a larger digester could supply the electric power too.</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> Keep talking...</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> Tom Reed</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> Dr Thomas B Reed</div>
<div>>>>>> President, The Biomass Energy Foundation</div>
<div>>>>>> <a href="http://www.woodgas.com/" target="_blank">www.Woodgas.com</a></div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> On Jul 19, 2011, at 12:03 PM, phillip manske <<a href="mailto:pdmanske@gmail.com" target="_blank">pdmanske@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> Hi Tom,</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> Its good to hear from you. I taught ESL in Korea for six years and</div>
<div>>>>>>> instead of coming back to the US directly, I went to Kiev and stayed</div>
<div>>>>>>> in East Europe for year. I went to Moldova, Poland and Romania too.</div>
<div>>>>>>> I lived on the money I saved while in Korea and my Fed government</div>
<div>>>>>>> pension. I was poor there and I didn't do much but work on a website</div>
<div>>>>>>> that was inspired by my Fed time. I made a large Freedom of</div>
<div>>>>>>> Information Act program and I did most of the work in cafe's with free</div>
<div>>>>>>> WiFi.</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> Melitopol is in the Russian half of Ukraine, I generally like the</div>
<div>>>>>>> Ukies better than the Russians but I think the women are more</div>
<div>>>>>>> attractive. I've been to Melitopol twice already. No one visits</div>
<div>>>>>>> Melitopol, its kind of a hole. Anna is an ethnic Russian living in</div>
<div>>>>>>> Ukraine.</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> <a href="http://khersongirls.com/" target="_blank">http://khersongirls.com</a> - that is the agency I recommend. Consider</div>
<div>>>>>>> all of the others as scams. I've met the owner and I've been to the</div>
<div>>>>>>> office many times.</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> If you want to get involved with my "Gold" project you are welcome.</div>
<div>>>>>>> Its gonna take some money but not much. My investor advisor says to</div>
<div>>>>>>> make the lab reactor and then the GEK scale reactor. I think the lab</div>
<div>>>>>>> reactor will look like this...</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> <a href="http://www.chemglass.com/product_view.asp?pnr=CLS-1404" target="_blank">http://www.chemglass.com/product_view.asp?pnr=CLS-1404</a></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> I don't want to appear as a Johnny come lately into biofuels but it</div>
<div>>>>>>> kind of looks that way. I was an electrican in the navy a long time</div>
<div>>>>>>> ago and I said I'd return to power generation if the things were</div>
<div>>>>>>> right. The concept is complicated, the practice is easy. Once the</div>
<div>>>>>>> gens run, there is no work to do. You just need to check the engines</div>
<div>>>>>>> twice a day and that takes 20 minutes max each time. You really have</div>
<div>>>>>>> the whole day off for the next fifteen years if you get a contract.</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> That's whats up.</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> Phillip</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> On Tue, Jul 19, 2011 at 7:31 AM, Thomas Reed <<a href="mailto:tombreed2010@gmail.com" target="_blank">tombreed2010@gmail.com</a>></div>
<div>>>>>>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>>>> So, do you have an office in Melitopol? Looks like it's close to the</div>
<div>>>>>>>> black sea.</div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> Tom</div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> Dr Thomas B Reed</div>
<div>>>>>>>> President, The Biomass Energy Foundation</div>
<div>>>>>>>> <a href="http://www.woodgas.com/" target="_blank">www.Woodgas.com</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> On Jul 18, 2011, at 10:25 PM, phillip manske <<a href="mailto:pdmanske@gmail.com" target="_blank">pdmanske@gmail.com</a>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Hi Dr. Reed,</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Thanks for the concern. I had to pay bills for two months and then I</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> needed some cash so I can go marriage agency dates in Ukraine. I</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> lived in Ukraine for a year so I kinda know whats up. I found a woman</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> there that likes me. She looks like Meagan Fox but she has larger</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> breasts. She sells cosmetics and lives in Melitopol. I work next to</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> a corporate lake and the lake is feed by storm run off. The lake has</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> some good wildlife and I have taken to turtle rescue when the chelons</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> get stuck in the drainage pipes. I got ten already. I have a snapper</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> hatchling and hand sized softshell on a shelf by my desk.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> That's pretty cool Phil but it has nothing to with biomass.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> I don't talk about gasifiers here because I don't know Jack.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Sometimes you just need to shut up and listen.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Yea so I decided I should read about the matter.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> This book is great.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Transportation-Biofuels-Production-Biodiesel-Chemistry/dp/1849730431" target="_blank">http://www.amazon.com/Transportation-Biofuels-Production-Biodiesel-Chemistry/dp/1849730431</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> I got an eCopy if you want to see the relevant material. The methane</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> part looks way doable and in fact I'm slowly working on that. I found</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://sciencedirect.com/" target="_blank">sciencedirect.com</a> which has a great index and all of the papers on the</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> matter are availalbe for free at the uni library but I don't have my</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Indiana drives lic/ID yet so its another two weeks. The papers come</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> to $4500 if I have to pay.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> I wrote an executive summary for someone at GoBig and I after I sent</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> that off they asked for an executive summary and asked a few other</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> questions. I made a good post at GEK and I got ass kissy with Mr.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Mason trying to amend my earlier offences.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Whats up with you Tom?</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Warmest Regards</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Phillip</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Phillip Manske</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> 195 w Puetz Rd h-114</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Oak Creek WI, 53154</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:pmanske@afuels.net" target="_blank">pmanske@afuels.net</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Alchemy Fuels Executive Summary</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Saturday, July 16, 2011</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> The Energy Policy Act of 2005 has mandated that investor owned</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> utilities must provide a certain amount of the energy they provide</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> must be sourced from renewable sources. This amount has been</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> regulated to grow both now and in the future. To date, wind and solar</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> sources have been providing most of this energy while biomass sourced</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> energy has lagged. Utilities have been rejecting new applications for</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> wind and solar energies while courting biomass providers as many slots</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> are still open. Alchemy has determined a course to make low cost</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> biofuel to fulfill these requirements is a realistic and profitable</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> goal.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> After reviewing scientific literature on the matter I, (working as</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Alchemy Fuels) have decided that a two stage reactor designed to make</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> methane is the most efficient route to a biofuel called “biogas”.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> This method was developed early in the biofuels research efforts and</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> then abandoned in favor of ethanol and other more lucrative</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> transportation fuels. Methane is a well founded and well functioning</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> fuel for generators designed to work with natural gas. This process</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> is well reviewed and appreciated by the scientific community for its</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> ease use and lack of exotic requirements. It can be described as a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> methane digester without the required tons of manure feedstock. The</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> research was pioneered by a scientist named Gaddy who founded a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> company called BRI. The process is referred as the microbial catalyst</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> cellulosic fuel pathway.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> The process uses the output from gasifiers that use wood mass as a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> feedstock. A handful of gases are provided by the gasifier with the</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> most important being carbon monoxide and the lesser gases being</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane. All of the gasses are used in</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> the process. The first stage of the process uses a bacteria called p.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> productus that uses the CO for growth and CO2 for the production of</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> acetate which is the feedstock for the second and final stage where a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> bacteria called m. barkeri uses the acetate and hydrogen to make</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> methane. Methane, unlike ethanol , does not need distilling which</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> saves considerable effort, energy and money.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> The market for the gas or gas use comes from the aforementioned lack</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> of biomass energy providers. Contract length is from 10 – 20 years,</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> amount of sale is typically 800 kilo watts per hour and the</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> compensation is from $.10 - $.15 per Kw hour. Providers are</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> typically allowed to provide 24 hours a day. Demand may vary but</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> demand is typically strong. Biogas contracts are generally designed</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> for methane digesters but this type of process meets the legal</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> definition of biogas even without the $1 million digester.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> This is a niche market but it can provide excellent returns and a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> number of contracts can be signed simultaneously. Sales are assured,</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> no distribution network is required. Plants like this operate at a</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> technician level and not an engineer or scientist level. There are</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> few critical points that may induce failure. The required insurance</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> is difficult to get but I have found a provider and at least one work</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> around method.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Plants should be located near the biomass source to save money on</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> transportation and when the gas is made, it can be shipped at much</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> less expense to the generating facilities . The plants will be</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> filled with wood biomass, gasifiers and vats that look like</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> microbrewery vats.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Being averse to large expenditures, I recommend a modest approach to</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> first make a five gallon reactor using bottled gas, then a system</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> using a small gasifier and then finally a system scaled to produce</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> fuel at the rate to meet the 800 kwh limit.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> The described process above is worth study and investment. The</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> science is sound, the investment and risk is small, operating overhead</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> is very low and sales are guaranteed. It appears margins should be</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> very wide unlike typical margins that are available to investors.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Questions may be directed to me at the email address above.</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Regards</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Phillip Manske</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> On Mon, Jul 18, 2011 at 9:46 PM, Thomas Reed <<a href="mailto:tombreed2010@gmail.com" target="_blank">tombreed2010@gmail.com</a>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Phil</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> I haven't heard your name for.a decade or so. What cooks in biomass?</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Tom Reed</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Dr Thomas B Reed</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> President, The Biomass Energy Foundation</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://www.woodgas.com/" target="_blank">www.Woodgas.com</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> On Jul 18, 2011, at 7:04 PM,</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> "<a href="mailto:pbadger@bioenergyupdate.com" target="_blank">pbadger@bioenergyupdate.com</a>"<<a href="mailto:pbadger@bioenergyupdate.com" target="_blank">pbadger@bioenergyupdate.com</a>> wrote:</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Connected by DROID on Verizon Wireless</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>>></div>
<div>>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> --</div>
<div>>>>> ************************************************</div>
<div>>>>> P.V.PANNIRSELVAM</div>
<div>>>>> ASSOCIATE . PROF.</div>
<div>>>>> Research Group ,GPEC, Coordinator</div>
<div>>>>> Computer aided Cost engineering</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> DEQ – Departamento de Engenharia Química</div>
<div>>>>> CT – Centro de Tecnologia / UFRN, Lagoa Nova – Natal/RN</div>
<div>>>>> Campus Universitário. CEP: 59.072-970</div>
<div>>>>> North East,Brazil</div>
<div>>>>> *******************************************</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/" target="_blank">https://sites.google.com/a/biomassa.eq.ufrn.br/sites/</a></div>
<div>>>>> and</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/" target="_blank">http://ecosyseng.wetpaint.com/</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> Fone ;Office</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="tel:84%203215-3769" target="_blank" value="+18432153769">84 3215-3769</a> , Ramal 210</div>
<div>>>>> Home : <a href="tel:84%203217-1557" target="_blank" value="+18432171557">84 3217-1557</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> Mobile :558488145083</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> Email:</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="mailto:pvpa@msn.com" target="_blank">pvpa@msn.com</a></div>
<div>>>>> <a href="mailto:panruti2002@yahoo.com" target="_blank">panruti2002@yahoo.com</a></div>
<div>>>>> <a href="mailto:pannirbr@gmail.com" target="_blank">pannirbr@gmail.com</a></div>
<div>>>>> <a href="mailto:pvpa@msn.com" target="_blank">pvpa@msn.com</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>>></div>
<div>>>></div>
<div>>></div>
<div>>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>>></div>
<div>>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>></div>
<div>>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>>></div>
<div>>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>></div>
<div>> _______________________________________________</div>
<div>> Gasification mailing list</div>
<div>></div>
<div>> to Send a Message to the list, use the email address</div>
<div>> <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>></div>
<div>> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page</div>
<div>> <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></div>
<div>></div>
<div>> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:</div>
<div>> <a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
<div>></div>
<div> </div>
<div> </div></div></div></blockquote></div><br>