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<DIV><BR><BR><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>Hi again KT,</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG></STRONG></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>This must prove very difficult to
understand:</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><BR>In the Chinese language, the name of coke and char is the same, called
"Jiao Tan".</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>This proves that there is important information lost in translation
to many researchers.</STRONG><BR><BR>In a recent paper, <BR><BR>Hosokai, S., K.,
Norinaga, T. Kimura, M. Nakano, C.-Z. Li, and J. Hayashi, "Reforming of
Volatiles from the Biomass Pyrolysis over Charcoal in a Sequence of Coke
Deposition and Steam Gasification of Coke," Energy Fuels, 25, 5387-5393 (2011),
</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>I haven't read this paper.<BR></STRONG><BR>the authors said "tar
compounds are converted to coke in the micropores of the char" (see p. 5390). It
is really confused for me.</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>To me, the term coke as applied to pyrolysis gas from biomass,
refers to the tars that cook and dry out in the absence of oxygen. The moisture
has gone leaving only</STRONG><STRONG> the carbons which are porous.
We see it in gasifiers in packed carbon beds that are not moving, or areas that
allow leakage of the pyrolysis gases to by-pass the oxidation
zones.</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>As the paper refers to steam gasification, one might expect to see
coke form in the microspores of the char, as there is a lot of carbon molecules
swapping places, and this endothermic reaction probably helps to "freeze" the
coke in the char, instead of converting it to gas. Having said that, there are
many possible explanations, and it would be necessary to see exactly how these
tests were done.<BR></STRONG><BR>Happy New Year</DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>Yes, a New Year is waiting for us, and our World is an unhappy
place for many. Celebrate as you can, and hope our differences draw us together,
rather than push us apart.</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>Doug Williams.</STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG>Fluidyne.</STRONG></DIV>
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