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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>Hello David,</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>Not sure if I can answer your question in a
way that is of immediate relevance, as it's ongoing practical work in
progress.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>> I've just been doing some work comparing the
costs of thermal energy <BR>> from biomass systems against LPG/natural
gas.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>Our development project in
California at their location, has substantial financial advantage over LPG
for glass house heating.</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>>A number of industry <BR>> references
pointed out the importance of correctly configuring burners <BR>> to use gas
of different calorific values. How is this best achieved with <BR>> producer
gas where the calorific values can vary quite a bit?</FONT><FONT face=Arial
size=2><BR></DIV></FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>We went down the road of trying to use
standard gas and oil type burners back around 1979-80 for producer gas, and
found after nearly four years, that we were flogging a dead horse. Another year
to 1985 saw the design of our cyclomix burner become reality, allowing it's
proof of concept to be established.</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>I made quite a few for our Pacific Class
systems 90Nm3/hr of gas, and larger ones for a number of other special projects.
Unfortunately, I never had an opportunity to set up a real testing programme
dedicated to just these burners, so while they burn very well for their
applications, we still are fine tuning their sizing parameters and emission
control of NOX etc.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>All our new work on burners is being done
as part of the development programme at CalForests gasification project in
California. You can see some of the burners in action on the Fluidyne Archive <A
href="http://www.fluidynenz.250x.com">www.fluidynenz.250x.com</A> under the File
Producer Gas Flares, Gasification Testing in Chile, and some of the larger
ones in the Californian Andes Gasifier Files.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>What I can tell you about producer gas
combustion, is that if not completely mixed before ignition, the CO will enter
the high temperature flame without igniting and revert to soot and CO2. This of
course comes back to dealing with the variations of gas quality, which in our
cyclomix burner, the flame just lengthens or shortens, but never blows out so
long as some gas is present. Having said all this in a general way, the
specifics of the gas making process determine the outcomes, just like the engine
application and the problems that manifest in all manner of
ways.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></STRONG> </DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hope this may be of interest to
you.</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>Doug Williams,</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=Arial size=2>Fluidyne...</FONT></STRONG></DIV>
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