<font color='black' size='2' face='arial'>
<div><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></FONT>Dear Robert,</div>
<div> Los Angeles hauls it's green waste to east of Phoenix and dumps it. Getting a permit for an outhouse in the South Coast Air Quality Management District (Los Angeles area to San Bernadino and south) is virtually impossible. We had spent $300,000 on a waste to ethanol project (cellulosic ethanol) in the Cabezon Indian tribal land area only to find out there were no air credits available and the tribe adhered to the SCAQMD standards although they didn't have to. </div>
<div> Several groups have tried to do gasifiers in cities and have run into permitting, zoning, NIMBY issues and given up. In other instances, Occidental Chemical build a 200 tpd plant near San Diego, ran it for 8 hours and scrapped it after spending huge sums on it. With the failures of many attempts at gasification, in particular MSW, the investment world is very leery of getting involved. </div>
<div> One group I have been working with spent 5 years working on a PPA (not in this country) and it was issued in September. </div>
<div> In areas where there are mandated renewable energy portfolio mandates where the utility has to supplement with renewable energy purchases, you may not be able to get a Power Purchase Agreement as they don't need to issue one if they are mandated to buy one, or they will not give you renewable energy premium pricing as they can buy credits cheaply and the DoD has used this to keep their renewable energy pricing down, at least one branch of the DoD claims this. </div>
<div> It is a very complicated and in many cases, stupid process. As an example, if distributed systems were in the Los Angeles area, the truck traffic would be greatly reduced, reducing the emissions from truck traffic, but this doesn't matter in the emissions counting. <br>
With natural gas pricing low, it is creeping into the power costs even in the East Coast and will shelve many renewable energy projects. <br>
</div>
<div style="CLEAR: both"><FONT class=Apple-style-span face=arial>Sincerely,</FONT><br>
<div><FONT class=Apple-style-span face="'Comic Sans MS', sans-serif">Leland T. "Tom" Taylor</FONT></div>
<div><FONT class=Apple-style-span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Thermogenics Inc. </FONT></div>
</div>
<br>
<br>
<div style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Robert Gersch <Robert@rkgenterprises.com><br>
To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification <gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>
Sent: Mon, Nov 5, 2012 10:12 am<br>
Subject: Re: [Gasification] Sweden's trash project<br>
<br>
<div id=AOLMsgPart_2_6b592ac4-8a44-498a-8b74-97818ad4ec4b>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Tom,</FONT></div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Thanks for the input. The NPR story makes us sound like idiots for not having similar programs in the US. Somehow, I had assumed that only with tax incentives, could such a program be viable. I am probably the most ignorant member of the group, but I have wondered why each city in the US doesn't install a gasifier plant to deal with the waste brush. For the ignorant, it would seem viable and reduce some of what we bury. Waste wood from homebuilding, old concrete forms, old fences, Christmas trees, old pallets and all the trees that are knocked down for new construction plus the trees that are trimmed equate to a lot of BTU's. I am in San Antonio and we at lease make mulch from so of the waste wood.I assume most other US cities do at least that.</FONT></div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Thanks</FONT></div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Robert Gersch</FONT></div>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<div style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </div>
<div style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=linvent@aol.com href="mailto:linvent@aol.com">linvent@aol.com</A> </div>
<div style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</A> </div>
<div style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Monday, November 05, 2012 10:57 AM</div>
<div style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Gasification] Sweden's trash project</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<FONT color=black size=2 face=arial><FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></FONT>There are quite a few waste incinerators in Europe. Italy has sent it's trash by train to Germany to be incinerated. There are some gasifiers there also. One Norwegian firm has an incinerator design that doesn't produce dioxins above regulatory limits, but all are very expensive, one 300 tpd gasifier system is valued at $300mm. Some of the existing incinerators do not meet emissions levels, but the government has not shut them down as there is no option otherwise. EU capital and sale of electricity pricing is heavily subsidized by the government and does not compete in other parts of the world. One group had 4 dual stage "gasifier" but actually combustor systems in Europe, all have been shut down for emissions reasons, lack of continuing subsidies, expense of operation and the only remaining one operating that I know of is in Japan. <br>
<br>
<div style="CLEAR: both"><FONT class=Apple-style-span face=arial>Sincerely,</FONT><br>
<div><FONT class=Apple-style-span face="'Comic Sans MS', sans-serif">Leland T. "Tom" Taylor</FONT></div>
<div><FONT class=Apple-style-span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Thermogenics Inc. </FONT></div>
</div>
<br>
<br>
<div style="FONT-FAMILY: arial,helvetica; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Robert Gersch <<A href="mailto:Robert@rkgenterprises.com">Robert@rkgenterprises.com</A>><br>
To: 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification' <<A href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</A>><br>
Sent: Mon, Nov 5, 2012 9:47 am<br>
Subject: [Gasification] Sweden's trash project<br>
<br>
<div id=AOLMsgPart_2_1fe999d4-a6a2-4f84-be31-af03a5fddb0d>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Below is a link to a NPR story on Sweden's conversion of trash to energy. There is no mention of the method used. Does anyone know if this is gasification? If you read the article, other countries are paying Sweden to take their trash and Sweden produces energy from it. Is there a chance that this could actually be cost effective?</FONT></div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial><A href="http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2012/10/28/163823839/sweden-wants-your-trash?ft=3&f=111787346&sc=nl&cc=es-20121104" target=_blank>http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2012/10/28/163823839/sweden-wants-your-trash?ft=3&f=111787346&sc=nl&cc=es-20121104</A></FONT></div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT> </div>
<div><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Thanks</FONT></div>
</div>
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