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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Hi Peter,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Perhaps you could kit-up requirements and typical formulas (provide feed samples!) and <i>Outsource</i> your analytical lab needs. Lots of accredited labs in unexpected places, (as well as expected places such as México), may help to make some of this burden much less onerous.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Very Best, Mark<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> Gasification [mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>David Murphy<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, July 17, 2013 4:38 PM<br><b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Gasification] Gasification Digest, Vol 35, Issue 8<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Good going Peter. Good to see you still at it.<br><br>David Murphy.<br><br>On 18/07/2013 6:00 AM, Peter & Kerry Davies wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal>I wouldn't recommend burning glycerin either.<br><br>We have successfully gasified Gycerin waste from a biodiesel plant added to wood chip without any measured toxic emissions, indeed it produced a higher calorific value gas compared to straight wood chip as it displaced the need for some of the normal air as an oxygen source (thereby reducing dilution with the normal nitrogen fraction as well as releasing more H2 from the added gycerin itself) so would not anticipate any issues with it as a binder in pellets where they were used in this way (at least through our system). We will have the opportunity to test this at least in the form of briquettes after August. The combustion engineers present for the earlier test were all a bit red faced at the time as I recall since they were predicting all sorts of dire things. <br><br>We are going through an EPA process at the moment to have our system "exempted" from the need for pollution permits, starting with clean wood waste as the benchmark but will be adding things like plastics and glycerin (along with much more problematic organics) in due course.<br><br>The real barrier to overcome is the insistence by the ignorant or mischievous in the environmental movement that gasification and combustion are interchangeable terms with similar problems. The result from a practical point of view is the cost of the stringent emission tests required is in the order of $25,000 per material being included where no dioxins are anticipated and only one targeted analysis for this is included (amongst the 20 general sample tests required) to confirm, up to $150,000 should they believe dioxins might be possible and this has to be repeated with all 20 samples.<br><br>What is amazing to us is our perpetual researcher "competitors" in this space in Australia generally have access to significant public grants, yet can't give a lab certified gas analysis from their systems only a "predicted" value based on a literature review, mostly of course citing references where the same thing was done...<br><br>Peter Davies<br><br><br><br>On 18/07/2013 4:00 AM, <a href="mailto:gasification-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre>On 7/16/2013 5:27 PM, J. Paul Villella wrote:<o:p></o:p></pre><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><pre><span class=moz-txt-citetags>> </span>other possible suitable binders are Long Strand Glycerines from the <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><span class=moz-txt-citetags>> </span>production of Biodiesel (they burn like plastic too but need a <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><span class=moz-txt-citetags>> </span>stabilizer/wick/co-burn agent )<o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote><pre>Out of the frying pan and into the fire.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Burning glycerine produces acrolein. For some indications of its <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>toxicity, see Feng, Z; Hu W, Hu Y, Tang M (October 2006). "Acrolein is <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>a major cigarette-related lung cancer agent: Preferential binding at <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>p53 mutational hotspots and inhibition of DNA repair" <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0607031103v1"><http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/0607031103v1></a>. /Proceedings of the <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>National Academy of Sciences <o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences"><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences></a>/ <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>*103* (42): 15404--15409.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>Better to compost the glycerine, make soap, or produce biogas.<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>d.<o:p></o:p></pre><div><pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>David William House<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>"The Complete Biogas Handbook" <span class=moz-txt-tag>|</span><code><a href="http://www.completebiogas.com">www.completebiogas.com</a></code><span class=moz-txt-tag>|</span><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><span class=moz-txt-tag><i>/</i></span><i>Vahid Biogas<span class=moz-txt-tag>/</span></i>, an alternative energy consultancy |<a href="http://www.vahidbiogas.com">www.vahidbiogas.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre></div></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><br><br><o:p></o:p></p><pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Gasification mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><o:p> </o:p></pre><pre>for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a><o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>