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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><STRONG>Hi Gasification
Colleagues,</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> </FONT><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Having returned from
a visit to our gasification development project in California at CalForest
Forestry Nursery, some may find it interesting to see how the " Shasta
Class 1" (this is the new designated name for this series of linear hearth
gasifiers) gasifier project has progressed since my last visit 18 months
ago. With the new "Shasta 2" now finally in existence, the alternative of the
blown mode of gasification will be investigated. The photos can be seen on the
Fluidyne Archive </SPAN></STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><A
href="http://www.fluidynenz.250x.com"><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">www.fluidynenz.250x.com</SPAN></STRONG></A><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> The photos are larger
than normal so you will need to slide left to read the
text.</SPAN></STRONG></SPAN><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><FONT
face=Arial></FONT></SPAN></STRONG> </P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Shasta 1 was put to
work these last two Northern Winters to heat the green house as shown in the
last project report, and other than what could be called normal unexpected
stoppages due to shear bolts breaking and chips in the wrong moving place,
proved to be more than adequate for the heating requirement. The heat
exchanger that was built, proved a little small to test the upper gas
outputs, but as a complete system, provided a test bed for the automation
allowing unattended operation. </SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Operation of
Shasta 1 over the annual seasonal changes while hooked up to a online gas
analyzer, highlighted the variations that can be experienced by the gas making
process, some of which are almost impossible to detect, let alone control. The
stability and natural evolution of the packed bed oxidation and reduction chars
has always been considered the most important aspect to our gas making
philosophy, so a new design feature of Shasta Class, is adjustment
of<EM><SPAN style="COLOR: red"> </SPAN></EM>the bed during operation
in responce to gas quality changes. Char extraction is not used in any
way to maintain the process, but some char does exit the reduction zone
<FONT color=#000000><SPAN style="COLOR: #00b0f0"><FONT color=#000000>naturally
with soot's entrained in the gas, and the dropped larger fraction</FONT>
</SPAN>augured out the bottom. </FONT><SPAN style="COLOR: red"><FONT
color=#000000>The cyclone then removes</FONT><FONT color=#000000> most of the
char entrained in the gas stream.</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><FONT
color=#000000>We are interested in two options for using producer gas to heat
greenhouses;</FONT></SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> gas/air or
water/air heat exchangers. <SPAN style="COLOR: red"><FONT
color=#000000>Shasta 1 has been using a gas/air</FONT> <FONT
color=#000000>exchanger. Shasta</FONT></SPAN> 2 will be tested firing
a hot water boiler, with the gasifier operating in the blown
mode. Drawing from experience of operating the Pacific Class gasifiers in
the blown mode with hot gas cleaning using a four cluster cyclone,
particulates down to about 10 micron (talcum powder) are removed before gas
combustion. The test flare<SPAN style="COLOR: red"> <FONT color=#000000>after
cycloning was</FONT></SPAN> without angry red feathers or sparks
and had very nice colors without any stinging radiation to indicate the
presence of uncracked hydrocarbons. Flare colors are still an instant insight to
indicate gas quality, and my hope in the future is to see these colors matched
in real time to the gas analysis. Although <SPAN style="COLOR: red"><FONT
color=#000000>Shasta 2 was</FONT> </SPAN>designed around the original 100 kWe (
320Nm3/hr) gas output, converting approximately 140 kg/hr fuel, the gas making
will be pushed to it maximum, now that weights can be more accurately
established using scales under the trailer fuel
bin.</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">To facilitate easier
management of the fuel chip supply for this test programme, the gasifier, fuel
feeders, walking floor trailer storage, and chipper, are<SPAN
style="COLOR: red"> </SPAN>together next to the log storage area. With something
like 600 tons on site, one begins to appreciate how much wood you need to supply
a 1-150 kWe gasifier, which clearly illustrates the concept of feeding a forest
through a funnel. Bearing in mind that when a gasifier is placed in a location
that is not ideal, the installation lay-outs lack ergonomics due to reusing and
recycling of quite expensive components. The gasifier remains a bare bones model
without mounting skids or service decks, as we fully expect to have a need to
modify the fuel input componentry. </SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Waste char from the
gasifiers at CalForests, which everyone now calls biochar, completed first stage
composing trials last season with excellent results. These bin trials were to
establish how the various temperature profiles develop, plus of course how the
seedlings respond to these blends. The next phase is to conduct trial
of windrow piles, as there is now substantial stored char, opening up
another exciting activity associated with this Nursery business. With
the 2013 season the busiest yet, when some 20 million trees will be
shipped out to Forestry operators, they still find time to
provide continued support to research institutions, and remain privately
funded from this commercial activity. </SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> <STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'">I can only take my
hat off to Tom Jopson and his dedicated staff, to show you a tiny portion of
what I experience during my visits. My work on site is now less than necessary,
but still rewarding to see as it provides capability for sustainable activity in
a rural economically depressed area.</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial> </FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2><STRONG>Doug
Williams,</STRONG></FONT></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial><STRONG><FONT size=2>Fluidyne
Gasification.</FONT><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></STRONG></FONT></P>
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