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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Jeff,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>You do manage to dig up interesting collections. I note that the patents were all about 1960. At that time our friend Andy Baker the USFS Forest Products Lab was publishing reviews of charcoal and carbonization. I don’t know what would have stimulated the market at that time besides barbecue charcoal. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The gasifiers that I am referring to have a primary purpose of providing hot raw gas for process heat. They wind up with a carbon rich ash that makes good biochar. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Tom<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext'> Gasification [mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Jeff Davis<br><b>Sent:</b> Sunday, December 01, 2013 6:30 PM<br><b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Gasification] Small steam systems plus gasifiers for electricity<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On 12/01/2013 06:57 PM, Tom Miles wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Updraft gasifiers (>10 MWth) have been good sources of char for one biochar wholesaler/broker.</span><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Tom,<br><br>Sounds like a money producer!<br><br>Updraft gasifier anthing like the Thomas Retort?<br><br>Can be found at this link:<br><a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/00950e/00950e07.htm"><http://www.fao.org/docrep/00950e/00950e07.htm></a><br><br>I found the patents to the other kiln:<br><br><a href="https://www.google.com/patents/US3090731"><https://www.google.com/patents/US3090731></a><br><br><a href="https://www.google.com/patents/US3140987"><https://www.google.com/patents/US3140987></a><br><br><a href="https://www.google.com/patents/US3110652"><https://www.google.com/patents/US3110652></a><br><br><a href="https://www.google.com/patents/US2589895"><https://www.google.com/patents/US2589895></a><br><br><br>Lets get carbonizing....<br><br><br><br>Jeff<o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>