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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Kevin,<br>
      <br>
      I want to know about any and all reasonable devices that work.  
      Reality now trumps specifications and expenses of R&D.<br>
      <br>
      Personally, I lack the mechanical knowledge and the time to do
      this myself.   But I KNOW it is important, and I turn to my
      friends on the Listservs, with gratitude for whatever can be
      accomplished.<br>
      <br>
      Paul<br>
      <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  
Email:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   
Skype: paultlud      Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
      On 1/8/2014 12:45 PM, Kevin wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
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            <div><font face="Arial">Dear Paul</font></div>
            <div> </div>
            <div><font face="Arial">As per my previous e-mail, (copy
                appended below the ******** line) you really should
                describe the job you want done, so that designers would
                at least have some "starting specifications" on which to
                base their estimated cost.</font></div>
            <div> </div>
            <div><font face="Arial">Do you want someone to design and
                build them for you to re-sell, or do you want a suitable
                "set of plans" that you could sell or give to people.?
                Or perhaps you have some other arrangement in mind?</font></div>
            <div> </div>
            <div><font face="Arial">Best wishes,</font></div>
            <div> </div>
            <div><font face="Arial">Kevin</font></div>
            <blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid;">
              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;">----- Original Message
                ----- </div>
              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4;"><b>From:</b>
                <a moz-do-not-send="true" title="psanders@ilstu.edu"
                  href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">Paul Anderson</a> </div>
              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>To:</b> <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                  title="gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org"
                  href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  title="stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org"
                  href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">Discussion
                  of biomass cooking stoves</a> ; <a
                  moz-do-not-send="true" title="biochar@yahoogroups.com"
                  href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>
                ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                  title="solarbobky@yahoo.com"
                  href="mailto:solarbobky@yahoo.com">Bob Fairchild</a> ;
                <a moz-do-not-send="true" title="rsvanetten@hotmail.com"
                  href="mailto:rsvanetten@hotmail.com">Ron Vanetten</a>
              </div>
              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday,
                January 08, 2014 2:17 PM</div>
              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Subject:</b> [biochar]
                Re: [Gasification] Chunking wood for small scale biochar
                production, fotos !</div>
              <div><br>
              </div>
              <span> </span>
              <div id="ygrp-text">
                <p> </p>
                <div class="moz-cite-prefix">To all,<br>
                  <br>
                  Yes, it certainly seems to be a chunker.   Yes, the
                  wood seem weak, but the machine seems adequate.<br>
                  <br>
                  See also:<br>
                  <br>
                  <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                    href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3J3hsWyuyTg">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3J3hsWyuyTg</a><br>
                  <br>
                  Seem to be in some Slavic language?   Do we have any
                  further information?   All seems sufficiently
                  inexpensive for many of us, and could be appropriate
                  for someone in a developing country to make a living
                  going around chunking people's low-value branches.  
                  And there seem to be other videos suggested by
                  YouTube.<br>
                  <br>
                  I request assistance from someone(s) with mechanical
                  talents to help bring such technology to our
                  understands (and ability to replicate and improve as
                  necessary).   <br>
                  <br>
                  The issue is not the power source (electric or small
                  gasoline or ??).   The issue is the breaking and/or
                  chunking of such biomass.<br>
                  <br>
                  Paul<br>
                  <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  
Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   
Skype: paultlud      Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
                  On 1/7/2014 10:35 PM, Pete & Sheri wrote:<br>
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                  <div class="WordSection1">
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">I’d certainly call
                        that one a chunker.  But I noticed that at least
                        one of the branches broke in half as it was fed
                        in.  Maybe some pretty rotten wood?<o></o></span></p>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">If the machine can do
                        that kind of work with solid wood it seems to be
                        a good contender.<o></o></span></p>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">At least for a little
                        while.  (It does jump around some).<o></o></span></p>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"><o></o></span></p>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">Pete Stanaitis<o></o></span></p>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="COLOR:
                        #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">----------------<o></o></span></p>
                    <div style="BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid;">
                      <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="FONT-SIZE:
                            10pt;">From:</span></b><span
                          style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt;"> Gasification [<a
                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                            class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                            href="mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
                          <b>On Behalf Of </b>Cesar Casanova<br>
                          <b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, January 07, 2014 9:25 PM<br>
                          <b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and
                          gasification<br>
                          <b>Subject:</b> Re: [Gasification] Chunking
                          wood for small scale biochar production, fotos
                          !<o></o></span></p>
                    </div>
                    <p class="MsoNormal"><o></o></p>
                    <div>
                      <p class="MsoNormal">Hi, Is this a chunker or wood
                        chipper?<o></o></p>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                            href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4GUEq_ubkw"
                            moz="true">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4GUEq_ubkw</a><o></o></p>
                      </div>
                      <div>
                        <p class="MsoNormal">Cesar<o></o></p>
                        <div>
                          <p class="MsoNormal"><font face="Arial">*******************************************************************************************</font></p>
                          <font face="Arial">
                            <div> </div>
                            <blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px
                              solid;" dir="ltr">
                              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;">-----
                                Original Message ----- </div>
                              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;BACKGROUND:
                                #e4e4e4;"><b>From:</b> <a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="kchisholm@seaside.ns.ca"
                                  href="mailto:kchisholm@seaside.ns.ca">Kevin</a>
                              </div>
                              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>To:</b>
                                <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="biochar@yahoogroups.com"
                                  href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>
                                ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="mark@ludlow.com"
                                  href="mailto:mark@ludlow.com">Mark
                                  Ludlow</a> ; <a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="energiesnaturals@gmx.de"
                                  href="mailto:energiesnaturals@gmx.de">'energiesnaturals'</a>
                                ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">'Discussion of biomass
                                  cooking stoves'</a> ; <a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="solarbobky@yahoo.com"
                                  href="mailto:solarbobky@yahoo.com">'Bob
                                  Fairchild'</a> ; <a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
                                  title="rsvanetten@hotmail.com"
                                  href="mailto:rsvanetten@hotmail.com">'Ron
                                  Vanetten'</a> </div>
                              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Sent:</b>
                                Monday, January 06, 2014 2:46 PM</div>
                              <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Subject:</b>
                                Re: [biochar] Re: [Stoves] Chaff cutters
                                and wood choppers</div>
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">Dear Paul</font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">The request is
                                  like the question: "How long is a
                                  piece of string"? :-) There are many
                                  different potential chaff cutter and
                                  wood chopper designs. There are as
                                  many as there are "potential
                                  applications." </font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">Some of the
                                  variables may include:</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Production rate
                                  required.</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Manual or
                                  machine power</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Feed material</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Desired "cut
                                  product size and shape.</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Need for
                                  screening and sizing of product or
                                  not?</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Portability</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Durability</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Potential annual
                                  sales for each specific product</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Permissible
                                  price for a product or specific device
                                  to accomplish a specific task</font></div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">* Etc.</font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">These variables,
                                  and the "necessary features" required,
                                  must be specified before it is
                                  possible to configure a suitable
                                  design and to estimate a cost "at the
                                  factory gate." </font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">So, if you
                                  required a "cutter" or "chopper" to
                                  make a fuel suitable for TLUD's, you
                                  should specify all the relevant
                                  properties and features that would be
                                  necessary for a Designer to configure
                                  a product design that would meet your
                                  needs. However, the Designer should
                                  know how much the Customer could
                                  afford to pay for the final product,
                                  so that he will know if it is even
                                  possible to build a product that will
                                  be affordable to the Target Customer.
                                  Additionally, the Designer needs to
                                  know the expected sales volume per
                                  year, so that he can figure in the
                                  economies of scale in developing
                                  prices.</font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">Best wishes,</font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <div><font face="Arial">Kevin</font></div>
                              <div> </div>
                              <blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000
                                2px solid;">
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;">-----
                                  Original Message ----- </div>
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;BACKGROUND:
                                  #e4e4e4;"><b>From:</b> <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="psanders@ilstu.edu"
                                    href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">Paul
                                    Anderson</a> </div>
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>To:</b>
                                  <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="mark@ludlow.com"
                                    href="mailto:mark@ludlow.com">Mark
                                    Ludlow</a> ; <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="biochar@yahoogroups.com"
                                    href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>
                                  ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="energiesnaturals@gmx.de"
                                    href="mailto:energiesnaturals@gmx.de">'energiesnaturals'</a>
                                  ; <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">'Discussion of biomass
                                    cooking stoves'</a> ; <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="solarbobky@yahoo.com"
                                    href="mailto:solarbobky@yahoo.com">'Bob
                                    Fairchild'</a> ; <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    title="rsvanetten@hotmail.com"
                                    href="mailto:rsvanetten@hotmail.com">'Ron
                                    Vanetten'</a> </div>
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Sent:</b>
                                  Saturday, January 04, 2014 4:07 PM</div>
                                <div style="FONT: 10pt arial;"><b>Subject:</b>
                                  Re: [biochar] Re: [Stoves] Chaff
                                  cutters and wood choppers</div>
                                <div><br>
                                </div>
                                <span> </span>
                                <div id="ygrp-text">
                                  <p> </p>
                                  <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Mark,<br>
                                    <br>
                                    I am not good at estimating price
                                    points, and the number of variations
                                    (feeder rollers, flywheel, thickness
                                    of sticks) are so numerous that to
                                    say a price without specifying all
                                    the rest might not be very
                                    realistic.    So, as a NON-engineer,
                                    I request assistance from other
                                    readers about price vs features.   <br>
                                    <br>
                                    Even if I purchased one for where I
                                    live (Illinois, USA), my usage would
                                    be limited, and not related to
                                    amounts like tons.   And to export
                                    from Mexico to Africa would be in
                                    the same league as importing cutters
                                    from India, meaning: difficult.<br>
                                    <br>
                                    I would like to know what could be
                                    accomplished at different price
                                    points.   Is that a reasonable place
                                    to start?   (I hope others will
                                    comment.   And maybe something can
                                    be accomplished.)<br>
                                    <br>
                                    Mark, where are you in Mexico, and
                                    when did you move there?   Greetings
                                    to your wife.<br>
                                    <br>
                                    Paul<br>
                                    <br>
                                    <br>
                                    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Doc  /  Dr TLUD  /  Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD  
Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   
Skype: paultlud      Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com/">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
                                    On 1/4/2014 2:23 AM, Mark Ludlow
                                    wrote:<br>
                                  </div>
                                  <blockquote
                                    cite="mid:001301cf0926$50d5cd70$f2816850$@ludlow.com"
                                    type="cite">
                                    <div class="WordSection1">
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">Hi
                                          Paul,<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">It
                                          would be useful if you could
                                          state a price point that would
                                          make equipment like this
                                          realistic. The machine Rolf
                                          describes is typical, but I
                                          appreciate the fact that limbs
                                          and trunks are fed at an
                                          angle. Shearing at an angle
                                          reduces the shear force
                                          required and thus increases
                                          the output per unit of power
                                          input. I could build a
                                          no-frills (except for safety
                                          systems) chipper like the one
                                          Rolf describes, here in
                                          México, at cost, if you are
                                          interested. México is the
                                          productivity-adjusted,
                                          lowest-cost producer in the
                                          world, as of 2014. Yet many
                                          are unemployed.<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">If
                                          you tell me some number, say
                                          $/MT of green input, this
                                          gives us a target to design
                                          against. I think that
                                          energy-storage (flywheel) to
                                          accommodate impulse loading
                                          may work, but the amount of
                                          energy required is easily
                                          calculated and is reflected in
                                          the nominal hourly-input
                                          rating.<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">I
                                          will support development costs
                                          (as a non-profit) if you will
                                          tell me there is a market for
                                          XXX Machines at XXX Cost on
                                          the horizon.<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"
                                          lang="ES-MX">Buen Viajo en
                                          Africa!<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"
                                          lang="ES-MX">Mark<o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"
                                          lang="ES-MX"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                                          style="COLOR:
                                          #1f497d;FONT-SIZE: 11pt;"
                                          lang="ES-MX"><o></o></span></p>
                                      <div>
                                        <div style="BORDER-TOP: #e1e1e1
                                          1pt solid;">
                                          <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
                                                style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">From:</span></b><span
                                              style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt;">
                                              <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>
                                              [<a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>]
                                              <b>On Behalf Of </b>Paul
                                              Anderson<br>
                                            </span></p>
                                        </div>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </blockquote>
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