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<div> Several decades ago, I was being funded by a group out of Houston that later acquired the International harvester stratified downdraft gasifier that Tom Reed knows the group, and a couple of weeks after I received the initial funding, I received an urgent phone call from the liasion person and was told that one of their funded projects had an explosion and two people were killed and the system destroyed and farm houses nearby were either obliterated or destroyed. They were working on acid hydrolysis that is still being pursued today and a pressure relief valve stuck and blew up the concentrated sulfuric acid reaction tank. </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>I have become more familiar with the acid hydrolysis process as a plant was built in Caserta, Italy that Thermogenics supplied a gasifier to take the char residue and convert to livulenic acid. The concentrated sulfuric acid cellulose mix is very caustic and the only material that can contain it is vanadium, a refractory metal that is very difficult to work with. A 4" motorized vanadium ball valve costs $65,000, and only one fabricator in the US at that time could make them. </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Anyhow, none of the acid hydrolysis processes I am aware of have seen commercial success, including one group out of New Jersey that was determined to make it work, but licensing, energy, system costs and other complications have kept them from going forward. </div>
<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Vinod Kholsa funded one group and it went bankrupt some time later, but any information on the technical reason is not readily available. Anyone have any additional information? </div>
<div style="font-family:arial;color:black;font-size:10pt;clear:both;"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="arial">Sincerely,</font><br>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Comic Sans MS', sans-serif">Leland T. "Tom" Taylor</font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Thermogenics Inc. </font></div>
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-----Original Message-----<br>
From: thomas reed <tombreed2009@gmail.com><br>
To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification <gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>
Sent: Fri, Mar 28, 2014 9:44 am<br>
Subject: Re: [Gasification] 3 injured in Fortum bio-oil plant explosion<br>
<br>
<div id="AOLMsgPart_3_1766af6c-f625-4011-8609-fd7c45f5871f"> Dear Tom Miles and All
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<div>I used to love the name, Bio-Oil, suggesting my two passions, Biomass and Energy. </div>
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<div>However, </div>
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<div>Biomass condensed vapors are highly oxygenated, and hardly an "oil". The term attracts the unwary. </div>
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<div>Auto-pyrolysis (at 500-600C) of biomass produces a relatively clean gas from the cellulose, </div>
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<div> C6H10O5 (cellulose) + 1/2 O2 ===> 6 CO + 5 H2</div>
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<div> Good for cooking and driving cars/trucks</div>
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<div> Plus Biochar, excellent for improving the ground and atmosphere (by its absence). </div>
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<div> But externally heated pyrolysis units produce a witches brew of chemicals, some useful when pure (methanol, vanillan, acetic acid) but in low concentration, and better made more directly. </div>
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<div>Am I missing something?</div>
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<div>Tom Reed<br>
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On Friday, March 28, 2014, Tom Miles <<a href="mailto:tmiles@trmiles.com">tmiles@trmiles.com</a>> wrote:<br>
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<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">The industry is not without risk. <u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"><u></u> <u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2014/03/28/5723/3-injured-in-Fortum-bio-oil-plant-explosion">http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2014/03/28/5723/3-injured-in-Fortum-bio-oil-plant-explosion</a><u></u><u></u></div>
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<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2014/03/28/5723/3-injured-in-Fortum-bio-oil-plant-explosion"><span style="color:#16387c">3 injured in Fortum bio-oil plant explosion</span></a><u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">FTimes-STT Report, March 28<u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"> <u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/assets/images/news_images/2014/03/28/for_details/image_5723_0.jpg" title="The office of energy company Fortum in Espoo. Photo- Lehtikuva."><span style="text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="563" height="374" src="cid:image001.jpg@01CF4A56.7BE82CD0" alt="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/assets/images/news_images/2014/03/28/for_details/image_5723_0.jpg"></span><span style=""><u></u><u></u></span></a></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"><u><span style=""><a target="_blank" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/assets/images/news_images/2014/03/28/for_details/image_5723_0.jpg" title="The office of energy company Fortum in Espoo. Photo- Lehtikuva."><span style="">The office of energy company Fortum in Espoo. Photo- Lehtikuva.</span><span style="color:windowtext;text-decoration:none"><u></u><u></u></span></a></span></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">Three people were wounded in an explosion in Fortum’s bio-oil plant in Joensuu on Thursday.<u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"> <u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">Two of them, who sustained burn injures, were taken to a hospital while one was injured less severely, sources at the company said.<u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"> <u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">Operations at the bio-oil plant were halted and it was likely to remain closed for several days, according to plant manager Timo Partanen.<u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal"> <u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">The rescue department received alarm at around 2pm. The gas explosion happened after the workers had gone to inspect a tank.<u></u><u></u></div>
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<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">The injured workers managed to flee the scene of explosion by themselves.<u></u><u></u></div>
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<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">The plant was commissioned last year to produce bio-oil from wood-based raw materials.<u></u><u></u></div>
<div class="aolmail_MsoNormal">- See more at: <a target="_blank" href="http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2014/03/28/5723/3-injured-in-Fortum-bio-oil-plant-explosion#sthash.Y3gnQ442.dpuf">http://www.finlandtimes.fi/national/2014/03/28/5723/3-injured-in-Fortum-bio-oil-plant-explosion#sthash.Y3gnQ442.dpuf</a><u></u><u></u></div>
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NOTE: PLEASE CHANGE MY ADDRESS TO <a href="mailto:TOMBREED2010@GMAIL.COM">TOMBREED2010@GMAIL.COM</a><br>
<br>
Dr. Thomas B. Reed<br>
The Biomass Energy Foundation<br>
BEF, BEC, BER<br>
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