<div dir="ltr"><div><font color="#000000" face="verdana,sans-serif">Hello All,</font></div><div><font color="#000000" face="verdana,sans-serif"></font><br></div><div><font color="#000000" face="verdana,sans-serif">I am preparing a research proposal with my colleague, on a feasibility to generate butanol from biomass (straw, wood, Jerusalem artichoke), after extracting sugars for xylitol. Apparently hemicellulose contains a variety of sugars such as pentoses (xylose and arabinose), hexoses (mannose, glucose and galactose), plus sugar acids, with Xylose comprising about 30% of the plant. It seems that after extracting xylose still some sugars are left which in theory would make butanol production possible. </font><font color="#000000" face="verdana,sans-serif">We would very much appreciate information with regards to </font><font face="verdana,sans-serif">butanol processes that are successful and close to commercialization. I am aware that the <span>gasification</span> digest does not deal with alcohols, but you all are so diverse in your interests so I hope that some assistance would be given.</font></div>
<div><font face="Verdana"></font><br></div><div><font face="Verdana">Best Regards,</font></div><div><font face="Verdana"></font><br></div><div><font face="Verdana">Elisabeth Staniewski</font></div></div><div class="gmail_extra">
<br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 21, 2014 at 8:39 AM, Paul Anderson <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div>Lloyd,<br>
<br>
1. You should change the Subject line to reflect the topic.<br>
<br>
2. I think Crispin is not subscribed to the Gasification
Listserv, so I am sending my reply plus your message to him.<br>
<br>
3. What you describe (including making biochar) is most closely
met by the Chip Energy Biomass Furnace. See
<a href="http://www.chipenergy.com" target="_blank">www.chipenergy.com</a> The realities are:<br>
<br>
a. $50,000 for the full big system; To fit on a pallet-size
footprint, the $15,000 for the stripped system is without heat
exchanger/water pump, etc.<br>
b. With 4 units commercially made, we know that it works.
However, it is a unit that should have support including some
R&D for the specific application/location; it is not a "plug
and play" system.<br>
c. Your expectations about using a wide variety of dry biomass
fuels would require R&D at the expense of the operator. Fuel
from shipping pallets sounds easy, but the metal nails and bolts
prohibit "chipping" and require a grinder with magnet to extract
the metal (significant effort/investment). <br>
<br>
Chip Energy is interested in such a project, but it is a project,
not just a turn-key product. Contact me for further details.
<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> <br>
<br>
Please let us know if there are other candidates for that project.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<pre cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD
Email: <a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu" target="_blank">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>
Skype: paultlud Phone: <a href="tel:%2B1-309-452-7072" target="_blank" value="+13094527072">+1-309-452-7072</a>
Website: <a href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
On 5/20/2014 2:14 PM, Lloyd Helferty wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div>Crispin (and all), [CC; gasification
list]<br>
<br>
This is a very interesting conversation regarding ND TLUD
power (heat) variability and its implications, and (as you know)
I do have a keen interest in this topic since being introduced
to the TLUD 'stove' concept back several years ago (by Dr.
Anderson, when he came to Ontario to demonstrate his small
"Champion" stove and similar devices at the Laepple farm in June
2009), especially since the TLUD is one of the few simple
technologies that can produce biochar cleanly at a small (or
possibly at a medium) scale for local use ~ while producing
(hopefully) useful amounts of energy (heat).<br>
<br>
What I am working on right now here in Toronto might interest
you or others on this list.<br>
I have been approached by a business in Toronto that would like
to be able to implement a small-scale char-making technology at
their manufacturing site in the Toronto area (GTA) that would
utilize the (dry) 'residuals' from their food production process
in order to make heat energy that could lower their (fossil)
energy use [natural gas costs] while also turning their (dry)
'food waste' into a biochar (and/or high-char ash) that could be
re-integrated back into a (wet) food composting system
(vermicompost) that is already being implemented onsite at their
operations here in the city.<br>
<br>
The primary use of the heat would be to heat up water, but it
would also be welcome if it could be used in the preparation of
the 'raw' food (drying, roasting certain products to a certain
temperature -- i.e. an 'oven') that goes into their recipes,
which includes 'fair-trade' sourced (temperate and tropical)
foodstuffs that have been either grown or imported into Canada
in bulk, and which are prepared on-site (including de-hulling
etc. of several of the key ingredients).<br>
Essentially, this company would like to know if it might be
possible to come up with either a "customized" or an
"off-the-shelf" system that has a fairly small footprint (about
the size of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallet#Dimensions" target="_blank">shipping
pallet</a>, or ~16 sq. ft = 40" × 48", as commonly used in the
food industry) that would be able to meet the following
requirements:<br>
<br>
<ul>
<li>Provides space heating and/or hot water heating (for their
kitchen), with the possibility also for using the heat for
"roasting" their ingredients (@ ~140 Celsius max. --
possibly using a heat exchanger, if necessary).</li>
<li>something flexible and rugged</li>
<li>can accept multiple fuel inputs (different sized
feedstocks, different moisture/energy content -- not just
woodchips)</li>
<li>no smoky emissions (after-burner, if necessary) so that it
can meet local emissions regs<br>
</li>
</ul>
<br>
Of course they are interested also in custom of "commercial"
gasifiers [as well], but small systems (stoves) that could do
the job they are seeking might suffice, although they probably
want the system to be as automated (hands off) as possible to
that the minimum amount of human intervention is required...
although it would need to be as low-cost as possible (almost a
"DIY" system -- they could actually make it themselves since
they do have some expertise, including a machinist & a
"master builder" who has built and operated a series of
gassifier stoves for several years and "who is more than capable
of manufacturing" something -- if they had the 'plans' for an
open-source system/design that could do the job).<br>
<br>
Ideally this company would be interested in seeing 2 or 3
designs that might work for them (a few devices that they could
initially assess)... so that they could work with the designers
to get more details. They would then choose a final design that
they would then incorporate into their head office (operations),
but then possibly also into a "franchise system" that they are
designing (and that would operate like a "food truck" would in <i>any</i>
city ~ except instead of the truck being electricity or natural
gas or propane-powered, the 'portable' food
production/processing system would operate partially off of its
own 'waste'... and/or wood chips [or pellets] that could be
produced or supplied locally ~ possibly even from chipped
shipping pallets that have <i>only</i> transported food
products -- i.e. clean, 'food-grade' "green waste" like the type
that can be found at the back of nearly every supermarket in the
country... including all the broken ones.)<br>
<br>
<img src="cid:part2.03030000.08080706@ilstu.edu"><br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
<pre cols="72"> Lloyd Helferty, Engineering Technologist
Principal, Biochar Consulting (Canada)
<a href="http://www.biochar-consulting.ca" target="_blank">www.biochar-consulting.ca</a>
48 Suncrest Blvd, Thornhill, ON, Canada
<a href="tel:905-707-8754" target="_blank" value="+19057078754">905-707-8754</a>
CELL: <a href="tel:647-886-8754" target="_blank" value="+16478868754">647-886-8754</a>
Skype: lloyd.helferty
Steering Committee coordinator
Canadian Biochar Initiative (CBI)
CURRENTS, A working group of Science for Peace
<a href="http://www.scienceforpeace.ca/currents/" target="_blank">http://www.scienceforpeace.ca/currents/</a>
President, Co-founder & CBI Liaison, Biochar-Ontario
National Office, Canadian Carbon Farming Initiative (CCFI)
Organizing team member, 2013 N/A Biochar Symposium:
<a href="http://www.carbon-negative.us/symposium" target="_blank">www.carbon-negative.us/symposium</a>
Member of the Don Watershed Regeneration Council (DWRC)
Manager, Biochar Offsets Group:
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475" target="_blank">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=2446475</a>
Advisory Committee Member, IBI
<a href="http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717" target="_blank">http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=1404717</a>
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=42237506675" target="_blank">http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=42237506675</a>
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario" target="_blank">http://groups.google.com/group/biochar-ontario</a>
<a href="http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario/" target="_blank">http://www.meetup.com/biocharontario/</a>
<a href="http://www.biocharontario.ca" target="_blank">http://www.biocharontario.ca</a>
<a href="http://www.biochar.ca" target="_blank">www.biochar.ca</a>
"Producing twice as much food with diminishing resources, without further loss of natural habitats and biodiversity and in a changing climate may be the greatest challenge facing humanity."
- Lloyd Helferty</pre>
On 2014-05-19 7:38 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
Dear Roberto</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> <br>
</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> I
agree with your analysis. There is a lot of merit in keeping
the secondary flame in close proximity to the top of the fuel
bed. The most important is that the secondary flame is harder
to put out with a slight breeze (because it relights). The
second is that when the primary air is turned down to control
the power, the secondary flame is able to remain hot enough to
stay alight. Combined with external, down-drafting secondary
air preheating (not like the Peko Pe) one can maintain the
secondary air feed ration under different primary air
conditions. </div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> <br>
</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
Read and heed! TLUD's are not succeeding in meeting the
turndown ratios required by ordinary cooking. To burn clean at
different burn rates, whatever the fuel, you have to control
both the primary and secondary air flows. </div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> <br>
</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
While a 'double controller' can work, turning the secondary
air down at exactly the same time as the primary leads to a
2-3 minute period of very high PM and or CO and VOC's because
of the retained heat in the fuel bed and stove body. This is
worse if the combustion chamber is ceramic or cast iron. </div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> <br>
</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
If the secondary air feed it an automatic, buoyancy-driven
supply, it will draw in additional air as required during the
cooling-off period. This explains the strange layout of the
air supply in a Vesto Stove which tried to address the
problems inherent in David Hancock's (very advanced at the
time) 1984 Tsotso Stove (which is still in production). </div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> <br>
</div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
Regards </div>
<div style="width:100%;color:rgb(31,73,125);font-family:Calibri,"Slate Pro",sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">
Crispin in Seoul enjoying spring<br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<snip><br>
<br>
<fieldset></fieldset>
<br>
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</blockquote>
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