<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=gb2312"><meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered medium)"><!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
</style><![endif]--><style><!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Cambria;
panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Testo normale Carattere";
margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Cambria","serif";
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Testo fumetto Carattere";
margin:0cm;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
span.TestonormaleCarattere
{mso-style-name:"Testo normale Carattere";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Testo normale";
font-family:"Cambria","serif";}
span.TestofumettoCarattere
{mso-style-name:"Testo fumetto Carattere";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Testo fumetto";
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
@page WordSection1
{size:612.0pt 792.0pt;
margin:70.85pt 2.0cm 2.0cm 2.0cm;}
div.WordSection1
{page:WordSection1;}
--></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=IT link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>Dear Mr. Dong,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>Thank you very much for your comments. To keep the flop at high temperature is keep keeping tars at gaseous state. Regarding you ref. Cerafume, I can say we are not using that type. I do believe they have the same properties. We use this type: <a href="http://www.bwf-envirotec.us/en-us/bwf-envirotec/products/pyrotex_ke.html">http://www.bwf-envirotec.us/en-us/bwf-envirotec/products/pyrotex_ke.html</a>, as we are partners since long time.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>This is our typical solution:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span style='mso-fareast-language:IT'><img border=0 width=491 height=347 id="Immagine_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.jpg@01CF9441.13FBD510"></span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>In washing step it could a chemical reagents or biodiesel to capture and separate tars.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>Looking forward for your comments,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>I＊m at your disposal,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>Warm regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>Artem Filimonov</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'> / </span><i><span lang=RU style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>孜我抖我技抉扶抉志</span></i><i><span lang=RU style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'> </span></i><i><span lang=RU style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>均把找忸技</span></i><i><span lang=RU style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'> </span></i><i><span lang=RU style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>圾抖忘忱我技我把抉志我折</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>TVT Termoventiltecnica S.r.l.</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>Via Lo Stradone, 7<span style='color:navy'> <br></span>31050 Ponzano Veneto (TV)<span style='color:navy'> <br></span>Tel <a href="tel:%2B39%200422%20609%20110" target="_blank"><span style='color:blue'>+39 0422 609 110</span></a><span style='color:navy'> <br></span>Fax <a href="tel:%2B%2039%200422%20612%20633" target="_blank"><span style='color:blue'>+ 39 0422 612 633</span></a><span style='color:navy'> </span><b><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black;mso-fareast-language:IT'>Skype: artem.tvt</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:black;mso-fareast-language:IT'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><i><u><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:IT'><a href="http://www.termoventiltecnica.com/" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>www.termoventiltecnica.com</span></a></span></u></i><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:navy;mso-fareast-language:IT'> <br></span><i><u><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:IT'>artem</span></u></i><i><u><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:IT'><a href="mailto:angelina@termoventiltecnica.com" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='color:blue'>@termoventiltecnica.com</span></a></span></u></i><i><u><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:IT'> </span></u></i><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:justify'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>CONFIDENZIALE</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>: Questo messaggio e gli eventuali allegati sono confidenziali e riservati. Se vi 豕 stato recapitato per errore e non siete fra i destinatari elencati, siete pregati di darne immediatamente avviso al mittente. Le informazioni contenute non devono essere mostrate ad altri, n谷 utilizzate, memorizzate o copiate in qualsiasi forma.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><b><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>CONFIDENTIAL</span></b><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'>: This e-mail, including attachments if any, may contain confidential information and is intended for the named recipient(s) only. If you received this e-mail by error, you are asked to notify the sender as soon as possible. Any form of disclosure, modification, distribution and/or publication of this e-mail, including attachments is strictly prohibited without prior authorization of the sender.</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><img border=0 width=28 height=28 id="Immagine_x0020_1" src="cid:image004.jpg@01CF9441.13FBD510"></span><i><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:green;mso-fareast-language:IT'>Please consider the environment before printing this e-mail!</span></i><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Cambria","serif";mso-fareast-language:IT'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><i><span style='mso-fareast-language:IT'>-----Messaggio originale-----<br></span></i><span style='mso-fareast-language:IT'>Da: Gasification [mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] Per conto di Doug<br>Inviato: sabato 28 giugno 2014 22.11<br>A: gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org<br>Oggetto: Re: [Gasification] Clean Air Regulation requirements imposed</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>On Sat, 28 Jun 2014 05:21:47 +0000<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>James Joyce <</span><a href="mailto:james@jamesjoyce.com.au"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>james@jamesjoyce.com.au</span></a><span lang=EN-US>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Hi James,<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>While not right up-to the mark with the latest regulations regarding emission testing, Dioxin has been a long time interest of mine in regard to how it may affect gasification emissions of certain fuel types.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> Leland we are working from a source separated feedstock ... but of course no separation method is every perfect. As far as air toxics I think I will start with the argument that if we get below the detection limit for a given species when using good quality industrial analysers (not research lab instruments) then our job is done.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>I agree with your stance on this, but you first have to prove you are operating under the limits. Then you will probably be forced to use a Certified Laboratory if you can find one before you lower the measuring equipment standard. The last report I had on emission testing from Australia, was that you had to send them to a New Zealand laboratory, but that might have improved in the last couple of years.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> On a related note we normally use CO as an operational performance indicator for all hydrocarbon derived compounds... in our systems it is by far the most prevalent residual gas species and in my experience is that is the last compound (apart from soot) to be oxidised completely in a biomass flue gas ... is that the experience shared by others ?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>While CO as a gas is probably the last gas to oxidise, hydrocarbons can also survive, along with sub-micron carbon blacks which need much higher temperatures to oxidise than the gas. We use hot ceramic filter candles for the carbons with good results, but if any hydrocarbons are present, they just pass straight through most filtration processes if operating at elevated temperatures.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> One aspect we may have to face is questions about dioxins. We do all the right things to avoid formation in terms of feedstock selection and operating temperatures/residence times ... however we have not done actual measurements. I am told that Dioxin measurements are around $3000/analysis in Australia ... is that the case elsewhere ? That makes performance data collection prohibitively expensive. What are others doing for Dioxin analysis ?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Having faced the waste of money on unnecessary testing just to get a yes or no answer, you might consider a return to basics. We found that doing a field screen test first to establish the risks for Dioxin to form because you must have benzine present. As benzine is a lower distillation temperature gas, it's presence is always indicated by the formation of tar in the cold gas before oxidation. Normally in a oxidation situation, benzine is not a problem unless chlorine is present in your waste derived fuel, but if present will give you a Dioxin ash particle when oxidized. If there is no tar or pyrolysis oils present in your unoxidised gas samples, then you are in a very good place to then have a certified test done knowing the results will most likely be clear of Dioxin. Just don't waste your testing $$ if tar is present.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>> Artem, bag filtering at 600 deg C is interesting ... it keeps you well above the Dioxin formation temperature range ... I could not see much detail on your site. Can you provide any more information on this ? <span lang=EN-US>Are you referring to Cerafume bags like those described here: </span><a href="http://www.albkleinco.com/cerafume-high-temperature-gas-filters/"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>http://www.albkleinco.com/cerafume-high-temperature-gas-filters/</span></a><span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Without knowledge of your process which may negate this comment, Dioxin once formed at lower temperatures can be heated, but needs high temperature packed carbon bed reducing atmospheres (12-1500C) to separate the benzine from the chlorine before filtration. If you are collecting oxidised Dioxin ash particulates in any type of filter, then your real problem of how to dispose of them safely might be difficult to resolve.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Hope this might be of some help.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Doug Williams,<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Fluidyne Gasification.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText>Gasification mailing list<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address </span><a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>Gasification@bioenergylists.org</span></a><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page </span><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org"><span lang=EN-US style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</span></a><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoPlainText>for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoPlainText><a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none'>http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</span></a><o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>