<div style="font-family:arial;color:black;font-size:10pt;"><span style="display:inline-block" contenteditable="false"></span></div>
<div> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>B<font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="arial"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">io char is charcoal, when treated with steam and chemicals, can become activated charcoal with higher porosity, surface area and subsequent reactivity for adsorbing materials. However, it's cation exchange capacity, the ability to transfer cations in the soil is limited to perhaps 30-40 milliequivalents/100 grams. It is not soluble in water, acids or bases and cannot be used by soil microbes to form cells. There is no set of standard shown benefits to the soil over a longer term application regime showing either continuing increase in production, reduction in water use or other benefit. In my opinion, it is not a "sustainable" compound because it will not continue to show <u><b>economic</b></u> benefits when applied over an extended period. </span></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="arial"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>One other aspect is that it's production has a by-product, pyrolygenious liquors that are basically the condensed volatiles and water from heating it. There isn't much value to the components of this complex mix, and disposing of it is difficult. Producers like Kingsford Charcoal and Calgon activated charcoal companies have their capital in these types of systems to avoid EPA penalties. They are not cheap. </span></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="arial"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>The naturally occurring compounds humic acids are much more effective and infinitely more complex than bio-char and much more studied. Kononova of Russia published volumes on these compounds, Environmental Science and Technology has also published a myriad of articles on them, and they are still a mystery, but what is known is that they are very soil active and have a cation exchange capacity of from 800-1200 milliequivalents/100 grams, and also are water, acid and base soluble, different fractions having different solubility's. They can be used to support microbial growth or suppress it at different concentrations, as an example above 40 PPM C, they suppress algae growth, below it, they enhance it and very significantly. Most contain naturally occurring very powerful, immortal microbes that can eat polyethylene, metals, tires and other rather stable compounds</span></font><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; ">, I know because in my production company where we mined and bagged the humic acid material, our polyethylene bags would last 60-120 days before being eaten up between the bags inside a cool warehouse without sunlight. </span></div>
<div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Humic acids are also limited in their economic sustainability as repeated application will cause the soil to become depleted of essential nutrients for plant growth and stop performing. Having a sharper pick or shovel doesn't make the mine last longer, just get the minerals out faster. Over the decades we have developed a soil and plant nutritional program which unexcelled, being able to take the worse or best plant growing situation and make it much better with very little input. We have found that the standard fertilizers damage soils and if supplemented with or without humic acids but with the right minerals and forms, become spectacularly productive. </span></div>
<div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>We have been forced out of business by the overzealous environmentalists who don't care what their final effect is, but being a mining operation, were determined to get us to comply with two agencies who violated federal court orders, and prohibitively expensive compliance requirements. With this, we have created compounds that work as well and better than humic acid based materials. The website www.agronicsinc.com goes into some of the benefits, and there are many more including serious remediation of really nasty situations including mercury contaminated soils around natural gas wells. By the way, natural gas contains methyl mercury which is the most toxic forms and one of the most on earth, there is no way to get it out of the human body. </span></div>
<div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; "><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>To anyone who is interested, there are also technical articles available I can send. </span></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000" face="arial"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span></span></font></div>
<div style="font-family:arial;color:black;font-size:10pt;clear:both;"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="arial">Sincerely,</font><br>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Comic Sans MS', sans-serif">Leland T. "Tom" Taylor</font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Thermogenics Inc. </font></div>
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-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Paul Anderson <psanders@ilstu.edu><br>
To: gasification <gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org><br>
Sent: Sat, Oct 24, 2015 1:48 am<br>
Subject: Re: [Gasification] Save the Date: Biochar 2016<br>
<br>
<div id="AOLMsgPart_3_b9ac7da7-69e0-47e0-8d80-885093df1094">
<div class="aolReplacedBody" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> Tom,<br>
<br>
Could BOTH efforts be useful, and maybe with the results together being even better than each one separately?<br>
<br>
Please help me understand the positive aspects of your message, that is "soil changing organix compounds" and how they might relate to biochar.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<pre class="aolmail_moz-signature" cols="72">Doc / Dr TLUD / Prof. Paul S. Anderson, PhD Email: <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072 Website: <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" target="_blank" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<div class="aolmail_moz-cite-prefix">On 10/23/2015 9:00 PM, <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:linvent@aol.com">linvent@aol.com</a> wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div style="font-family:arial;color:black;font-size:10pt;"><span style="display:inline-block"></span></div>
<div> What a monumental waste. If only these folks would understand how limited their pursuit is and how basically ineffective biochar is in relation to real soil changing organic compounds. </div>
<div style="font-family:arial;color:black;font-size:10pt;clear:both;"><font class="aolmail_Apple-style-span" face="arial">Sincerely,</font><br>
<div><font class="aolmail_Apple-style-span" face="'Comic Sans MS', sans-serif">Leland T. "Tom" Taylor</font></div>
<div><font class="aolmail_Apple-style-span" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Agronics Inc. </font></div>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: OSU Conference Services <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:conferences@oregonstate.edu"><conferences@oregonstate.edu></a><br>
To: 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification' <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org"><gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org></a><br>
Sent: Fri, Oct 23, 2015 7:52 pm<br>
Subject: [Gasification] Save the Date: Biochar 2016<br>
<br>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal" style="mso-line-height-alt:.75pt"><span style="font-size:1.0pt;color:#333333;display:none">Join us August 22-25, 2016 in Corvallis, Oregon</span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal" style="text-align:center" align="center"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:">Save the Date: Join us at Biochar 2016 in Corvallis, OR August 22-25, 2016.</span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-family:">Experience the Synergy</span></b></em><b><span style="font-family:"></span></b></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:">Over the last several years, researchers have helped open up many promising avenues for biochar market development in North America. Likewise, many entrepreneurs and small business owners have made investments to develop commercial markets. </span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"> </span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:">With so much research being published on biochar (over 5000 publications in 2015 alone!), there is a need to bring together these two groups to share information, lessons learned, and to solicit ideas on the pathway forward for biochar commercial development. The US Biochar Initiative and Sustainable Obtainable Solutions aims to bring together stakeholders in the applied biochar research community and the private sector to further biochar market development.</span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-family:">Who should attend?</span></b></em><b><span style="font-family:"></span></b></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:">This event is designed for farmers, foresters, policymakers, biochar producers, industry professionals and entrepreneurs. Students and interested citizens will also benefit from this event.</span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-family:">Where will it be held?</span></b></em><b><span style="font-family:"></span></b></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:">Join us at the CH2M Hill Alumni Center on the beautiful Oregon State University Campus in Corvallis, OR.</span></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><em><b><span style="font-family:">How do I register?</span></b></em><b><span style="font-family:"></span></b></div>
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<div class="aolmail_aolmail_MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:">Registration will be open in February 2016. Please visit <a target="_blank" href="http://r20.rs6.net/tn.jsp?f=001luTrhAVryNlSM8N6OWKGgmw5L-7a6asioPeg41upeHi7SIOfA54t0G416WCIgI9NceUU48MdqYyd-F8O2MIaQjeWDdHB0WjvTRxP5jbIqeyEe90Shtawqo7K8TGpnlhc6mKZDjQyItyWb1NRfyzdpzsgBs_zqgfHzXFgIqgmeKRUFvKUmJdzKtzXRVP3V476S1Lz0_RzYoqySa91rkQpSed2bFE_11Qe7Ph2AhXLMyMmkqEDCLxndmX66GWVfSDzYPuutoDujyC4aeIjt5012BGh-xChWdpAAcaUq8giDruiKW2uGf4nSoY8_fBpHzCQ&c=1QGCM_uK6md0UZwlItWvv59GC0G5E6APYcu_Nb4bM835wNsjYt9p8g==&ch=no3jBy-GcNNJhhz5zQ87LwfZB3gEc1yaM0sO0ZFqrgXcQS4mUHPTsw=="><b><span style="color:black">USBI2016.org</span></b></a> for more details.</span></div>
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<div id="aolmail_AOLMsgPart_14_d28a2955-e15d-41af-b2d9-1618672359bc" style="margin: 0px;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Sans-Serif;font-size: 12px;color: #000;background-color: #fff;"> <pre style="font-size: 9pt;"><tt>_______________________________________________ Gasification mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page <a target="_blank" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site: <a target="_blank" href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a> </tt></pre> </div>
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<pre>_______________________________________________ Gasification mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site: <a class="aolmail_moz-txt-link-freetext" target="_blank" href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a> </pre> </blockquote> <br>
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<div id="AOLMsgPart_14_b9ac7da7-69e0-47e0-8d80-885093df1094" style="margin: 0px;font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, Sans-Serif;font-size: 12px;color: #000;background-color: #fff;"> <pre style="font-size: 9pt;"><tt>_______________________________________________ Gasification mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address <a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page <a target="_blank" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenergylists.org</a> for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site: <a target="_blank" href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a> </tt></pre> </div>