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Dear Tom,<br>
<br>
The end of 2015 has been very busy for us, and the start of 2016
looks even busier. Essentially we have successfully proven our
gasifier systems with high ash, pelleted ag-residues in a high
temperature, low tar gasifier scenario with simple dry scrubbing.
Even when slightly over aspirated with some residual oxygen coming
through the tars were limited to low viscosity condensates (and very
little of these), though the gas quality varied slightly with the
appearance of some C2-C8 hydrocarbons (nothing higher though, within
detectable limits of the GC system used by the lab). We also now
have one of the leading European CHP providers sign off on our gas
quality for use in their IC engine systems, so expect to be able to
supply complete turnkey plants shortly which have a global support
network.<br>
<br>
Yes it does require a pelleting step at this stage, but we are
working with a couple of pellet equipment manufacturers for a lower
cost, gasifier optimised pellet which will be substantially cheaper
and lower maintenance than conventional wood pellet plants used for
the combustion industry. Accompanying innovative financing for
village scale densification systems is also now well advanced.<br>
<br>
So we don't agree that water scrubbing is either necessary or where
gasifiers will be in the future. However if you only have old
gasifier tech to work with then you can try torrefied sawdust
filters to recirculate your scrubber water through, our early
testing found these very effective till we fixed the hearth core in
the gasifier design so they were not needed.<br>
<br>
New Years Cheers,<br>
Peter<br>
ID Gasifiers Pty Ltd<br>
Australia.<br>
<br>
<br>
<div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 5/01/2016 2:31 AM, Tom Miles wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:003901d14704$fa679a30$ef36ce90$@trmiles.com"
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<p class="MsoNormal">Since 2005 hundreds of small scale
gasifiers have been installed in Myanmar, Cambodia and other
South East Asian countries to offset high cost diesel to
generate shaft and electric power in rice mills and palm
factories. They are often in the 100+kW scale. Initially they
were dual fueled with diesel but increasingly they are 100%
producer gas. Ankur Scientific introduced a dry cleaning
system in 2009 but in most cases the gasifiers use water
scrubbers and the waste water and sludge is discharged into
ponds without remediation. Simon Shackley and others have
published a thorough characterization of waster waters from
several gasifiers. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crop residues are best gasified at low
temperatures. Low temperatures generate tars. Scrubbers are
the lowest cost cleaning technique. Water strips toxic
chemicals from the gas which become carried into the
environment with water and sludge. Gasifier char is very
useful. Sludge and black water are dangerous. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The remediation of gasifier wastewater is a
challenge for us. As we look forward to installing small scale
gasifiers around the world we need to solve this problem .
What are your solutions for filtering and remediating gasifier
scrubber water? One solution might be running continuous
blowdown though a vegetated biological filter where the
biochar is used as part of the media. What have you tried?<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Tom<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">T R Miles Technical Consultants Inc<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Portland, OR 97225<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:tmiles@trmiles.com">tmiles@trmiles.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.trmiles.com">www.trmiles.com</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Characterisation of waste water from
biomass gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Article in World Review of Science
Technology and Sustainable Development
12(2):126-151 · December 2015<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">DOI: 10.1504/WRSTSD.2015.073829<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Abstract<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The gasification of rice husks for
small-scale power generation in rice mills and other small
factories in Cambodia has spread rapidly in the past decade
and has a favourable investment payback period where the
facility is off-grid. The technology is widely regarded as a
sustainable, low-carbon power option. However, installed
gasification technologies produce a black waste water which is
frequently disposed of into the local environment without any
treatment. An analysis was undertaken to identify and measure
the key potential contaminants and compare concentrations in
the water and sediment with regulatory thresholds established
in Cambodia and within other jurisdictions. It was found that
concentrations of organic contaminants such as phenols and
benzene-type molecules (BETX) (water and sediment) and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (sediment), as well as
macro water quality indicators, were far higher than
regulatory thresholds prescribe, posing threats to sensitive
aquatic ecosystems into which such waste is introduced.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<br>
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</blockquote>
<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">--
Peter Davies
Managing Director
ID Gasifiers Pty Ltd
Delegate River, Victoria
Australia
Ph: 0402 845 295</pre>
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