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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Tom,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'> The wash water was devised as an economical alternative to regenerate “loaded” activated carbon. The cyclodextrins, as prepared, have an enormous surface area per unit of mass. They appear to readily substitute for activated C in water de-pollution. The big difference is in the speed at which the organic pollutants are removed…in one instance, 95% of bisphenyl A is removed after only 10s residence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Once the pollutants are adsorbed, the solids can be removed (HS centrifuge, DAF or filter media) and the filter cake (or centrifuge bottoms) can be destroyed in an oxidizing incinerator. The water is, of course, recycled. The cyclodextrin used is remarkable in being able to maintain phenomenally high porosity with only nominal swelling. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Mark<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> Gasification [mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Tom Miles<br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, January 16, 2016 10:15 PM<br><b>To:</b> biochar@yahoogroups.com; 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification' <gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Gasification] [biochar] RE: Characterization of waste water from biomass gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Now that’s interesting. Then what to do with the wash water . . <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Thanks<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>Tom<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'>. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><a name="_MailEndCompose"></a><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a> [<a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com</a>] <br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, January 16, 2016 7:59 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification' <<a href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>; <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a><br><b>Subject:</b> [biochar] RE: [Gasification] Characterization of waste water from biomass gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div id=ygrp-mlmsg><div id=ygrp-msg><div id=ygrp-text><p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>The latest "Nature" has a paper from Cornell (describing the efficiency<br>(great!) of removing organic micropollutants with a B-cyclodextrin sorbent,<br>a glucose derivative. It is also effective at regenerating the functionality<br>of activated carbon, employing only a simple wash.<br><br>This could be a keystone technology that could be synergistic with practical<br>gasification.<br><br>Hope!<br>Mark<br><br>(Rapid removal of organic micropollutants from water with a porous<br>B-cyclodextrin polymer. doi:10.1038/nature 16185. Albaiee, Smith, Xiao, Ling<br>et al.)<br><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: Gasification [<a href="mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>] On<br>Behalf Of Tom Miles<br>Sent: Saturday, January 16, 2016 3:14 PM<br>To: 'Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification'<br><<a href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>>; <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a><br>Subject: Re: [Gasification] Characterization of waste water from biomass<br>gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<br><br>James,<br><br>Thanks for these comments. Researchers in Japan have found that a vegetable<br>oil scrubber using rice husk char as a media has very good tar removal for<br>gasifiers which illustrates some of the points that you make. <br><br>Tom <br><br>-----Original Message-----<br>From: Gasification [<a href="mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:gasification-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>] On<br>Behalf Of James Joyce<br>Sent: Saturday, January 16, 2016 2:29 PM<br>To: <a href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>Subject: Re: [Gasification] Characterization of waste water from biomass<br>gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<br><br>Hi Tom, I might make a few comments and caution people not to discard the<br>char filtering option based on a couple of negative experiences. It may not<br>so much be the case that char filtering does not work ... just that it does<br>not work the way it has been tried.<br><br>- Not all biochars are the same and neither are all activated carbons. Most<br>activated carbons are highly microporous, which is not very useful for<br>liquid phase adsorption. If you did not use one known to be highly<br>mesoporous (like a wood char rather than nut char) then it is worth<br>revisiting.<br><br>- Dry chars tend to be hydrophobic. That makes them useless for liquid phase<br>adsorption until they have had a chance to condition and be able to "wet"<br>through into the pores. If the pores are full of air that needs to be<br>displaced before you can adsorb anything else. In my experience mixing time,<br>elevated temperature and perhaps acidity? can facilitate the wetting<br>process. Packed bed filters don't allow for much in the way of mixing time.<br><br>- Particle size will play an important role, as it interacts with the<br>surface tension of suspended matter. If a packed bed filter did not work<br>then I would try mixing fine char with the water in a mixing tank (possibly<br>at elevated temperature) before filtering that mixture through a packed bed<br>char filter.<br><br>- Aged tarry water may well be a different beast to fresh tarry water.<br><br>One other idea: <br>In coal processing interface change agents such as diesel and MIBC are<br>commonly used to alter the surface interaction between fine coal and air<br>bubbles for the purposes of floating out the diesel and fine coal. See<br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froth_flotation">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froth_flotation</a> . A similar process might work<br>for the hydrophobic fraction of the tarry water. The remaining soluble and<br>hydrophilic fractions are probably more biodegradeable.<br><br>Froth flotation is also used in sugar refineries and is very effective at<br>removing very finely dispersed colloidal matter from solutions of soluble<br>matter.<br><br>In either process the key is to introduce fine solids that the colloidal<br>matter and air bubbles can attach to.<br><br>Regards,<br><br>James<br><br>------------------------------<br><br>Date: Sat, 16 Jan 2016 11:41:12 -0500<br>From: <a href="mailto:linvent@aol.com">linvent@aol.com</a><br>To: <a href="mailto:gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org">gasification@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>, <a href="mailto:spaco@baldwin-telecom.net">spaco@baldwin-telecom.net</a><br>Cc: <a href="mailto:gasifiers@bioenergylists.org">gasifiers@bioenergylists.org</a>, <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a><br>Subject: Re: [Gasification] Characterization of waste water from<br>biomass gasification equipment: A case-study from Cambodia<br>Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:8D31E93D7DA4606-1F38-3863F9@webmail-vm013.sysops.aol.com">8D31E93D7DA4606-1F38-3863F9@webmail-vm013.sysops.aol.com</a>><br>Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"<br><br>I have tried commercial activated charcoal and it doesn't work. It is far<br>superior to bio char in adsorptivity, and the tarry water passes through it<br>without removal.?<br>Sincerely,<br>Leland T. "Tom" Taylor<br>Thermogenics Inc.?<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Gasification mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenerg">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenerg</a><br>ylists.org<br><br>for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:<br><a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a><br><br>_______________________________________________<br>Gasification mailing list<br><br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Gasification@bioenergylists.org">Gasification@bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br><a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenerg">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/gasification_lists.bioenerg</a><br>ylists.org<br><br>for more Gasifiers, News and Information see our web site:<br><a href="http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/">http://gasifiers.bioenergylists.org/</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:white'>__._,_.___<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div style='margin-top:7.5pt' id=fromDMARC><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=3 width="100%" noshade style='color:#E3E3E3' align=center></div><p class=MsoNormal>Posted by: "Mark Elliott Ludlow" <<a href="mailto:mark@ludlow.com">mark@ludlow.com</a>> <o:p></o:p></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><hr size=3 width="100%" noshade style='color:#E3E3E3' align=center></div></div><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:5.25pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt'><p 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