<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"
http-equiv="Content-Type">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">Hi Nico and Colleagues,</font></p>
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">Thanks for replying as it always
helps to see see where knowledge is coming from, and help
explain why gasifiers have failed projects across their
implementation history.</font><font face="Liberation Sans"> At
my stage of life, it's about finding the missing pieces of
information, not using copious amounts of data collected from
malfunctioning or poorly design gasifiers, although this may be
important to others. </font><br>
</p>
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">First up, New Zealand where I live
isn't Australia, and you could set off WW3 mixing up your
Geography. Not sure they teach that anymore(:-)</font></p>
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">I'm not know for two line replies,
so take your time to take in a word picture.<br>
</font> </p>
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">However you write it, 2 microns MP2
is the soot particle size in question, and you consider it to be
not filterable from oil, even if introduced from a gasifier. So
what are we talking about, filters for the oil or filters for
the gas? The physics of gas particle filtration is clearly laid
out in Perry and Chiltons Chemical Engineers Hand Book, </font><font
face="Liberation Sans">published by McGraw Hill, and there you
will see that , MP2 can be removed by granular bed filters. <br>
</font></p>
<p><font face="Liberation Sans">Smaller sub-micron particles need
cooling to the point of moisture fogging or misting, so that it
condenses on the particle and it drops out by precipitation. If
we freeze the gas stream to remove all moisture, then your gas
will become dry and clean. </font><font face="Liberation Sans">Tom
T. shows this at Thermagenics, and as Harrie showed in his
photo, Naphthalene can also be removed. Refrigerated gas cooling
still has to be proven for it's use in the Worlds differing
environments, solving specific problems, but not tar. <br>
</font></p>
<font face="Liberation Sans">Oil will protect the engine in normal
clean producer gas operation, "IF" oil moisture levels are
minimal, normal combustion temperatures are maintained, and it
stays withing it's viscosity range. That is all most manufactures
require for reliable engine operation. The oil additive package
contains anti oxidants to suppress asphalt and resins from forming
when heated, seen usually on the inside and outside of pistons
walls and ring grooves, as brown or black deposits. This additive
also has a second function of being the extreme high pressure
boundary lubricant, forming an organic metallic skin on the base
metal. Unnatural engine temperatures quickly deplete the boundary
lubricant function and metal to metal contact wrecks the engine.
In addition to heat oxidation, there is also catalytic oxidation
caused by trace metals in the oil, either one is detectable by
Blotter Spot testing.<br>
<br>
The second additive is the detergent dispersant or alkalinity of
the oil (TBN) which keeps the soot in the oil in suspension,
preventing it from forming larger particles MP15 which drop out as
sludge.<br>
If moisture is present in the gas, it rapidly depletes the
alkalinity. Standard engine oil filters in general have a MP10
porosity membrane mainly for the purpose of trapping abrasives
down to MP2 where it no longer can span the lubrication film. Air
filters also reduce environmental dust and there are many
variations to designs. A Blotter Spot will show detergent
activity. <br>
<br>
The amount of dust or carbon will eventually thicken the oil
viscosity affecting oil pressure and reduce flows through the
filter membrane, so a by-pass valve opens and unfiltered oil
circulates. Moisture in the gas can quickly reduce the alkalinity
and it will also carry sub-micron carbon soot which will increase
the viscosity. The oil companies say you can thicken oil by 30%
before changing, so how can that MP2 or smaller soot be
controlled? Many engine makers install a By-Pass filters that take
a small flow of oil pressure not used by the engine and it passes
through a dense cellulose medium. The cellulose has an affinity
for moisture so the TBN is either slower to decline, or stays
within usable range to prevent acid erosion of the engine metals.
These filters eventually fill and in changing them, you only
discard the dirtiest oil in the engine. Blotter Spot tests show
both thickening density and moisture, but a Crackle tests will
pick up moisture before the blotter in most cases.<br>
<br>
All of the above is as basic as possible in explanation,
compressing oil company oil screen testing procedures for used
oil. Fluidyne supplied By-Pass filters to many truck fleets in New
Zealand with support from Caltex Oil Laboratories, from 1974-1983
when our manufacturing changed over to Gasifiers. <br>
<br>
I see you recommend a 15 year long life oil for gasified engines.
Before offering such advanced oils for you gasified projects, you
should see how that affects your engine makers warranties for the
equipment you hope to supply.<br>
<br>
To discuss engine failures needs supportive information as to how
they failed. The engine maker becomes a victim of bad gas making
technology, much the same as a good specified fuel gasifier making
tar with the wrong fuel. We should start another discussion on
gasified engine failure, as I have seen a few. <br>
<br>
Doug Williams,<br>
Fluidyne. <br>
<br>
</font>On 24/04/17 09:02, Cerni wrote:<br>
<div>hello all Readers,</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>we can provide syngas analysis over the last 4 years and real
life operation data</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>for that gentleman in Australia inquirying about PM 2 MP 2 this
is the particulate matter smaller than 2'5 nanometers, we invert
letter often in latin countries, the correct spell is PM 2 , and
it is the plague of european urban centers, whereas PM 10 is
easily monitored and can be partially prevented, in Stuttgart
Germany for example they wash out urban roads every second night,
the origin is still heating oil burners for residentail heat and
of course diesel truck engines emissions, Padania plains in N
Italy are dramatically affected...... city gas is NOT the
solution, </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>as to the CHP cogen engines oil inspection glass, darkening is
not only a chemical issue my friend, it has very much to do with
epytaxial growth in hubs and cylinders inner chambers, and no
gasifier filter today can get rid of enough PM 2 to avoid this...</div>
<div>how do you measure PM 2??? </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>regards<br>
<br>
Inviato da iPad,
<div>Nicolo Cerni</div>
<div>mobiloffice</div>
<div>0039 340.830.67.97 pls sms me or skype nico_cerni</div>
</div>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>