<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=windows-1252"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;"><div>Stephen,</div><div><br></div><div>My question is focused on PV arrays on roofs, though any actual measurements of things like inverters and batteries is germane. From all of the replies there’s not a single one that specifically can say the’ve measure EMFs coming from PV arrays, let alone EMFs from those arrays getting into homes. Given your background I think you just might be the logical candidate to provide such measurements, though anyone with a standard EMF tester can do it. </div><div><br></div><div>Bear in mind that with the rapid advances in inverter technology that PV arrays can now be configured in DC from low voltage to up to 600 volts (this does not take into consideration commercial scale inverters.) And micro-inverters allow for AC transmission. </div><div><br></div><div>Unless there’s solid data to suggest otherwise I don’t think that PV technology is any more radiation intensive that what’s found in standard household wiring and appliances. </div><div><br></div><div>Inverters might be a different situation and if they do emit high levels of any form of radiation then they could be enclosed in a radiation barrier. </div><div><br></div><div>FYI, for grid-tied solar the load side is from the grid, not the inverter, unless it has battery back-up potential and only when drawing from the batteries will the draw be “through” the inverter. All off-grid systems rely on the inverter to provide AC power. DC direct systems don’t require an inverter. </div><div><br></div><div>Dan</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div><br><div><div>On Jun 4, 2018, at 12:27 PM, Stephen Collette <<a href="mailto:stephen@yourhealthyhouse.ca">stephen@yourhealthyhouse.ca</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Hi Dan and everyone,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">DC electric fields are generated by static electricity, lightning and such. </div><div class="">DC magnetic fields are found in the ground typically, that’s our earth’s magnetic field. Strength can vary if iron ores or other amplifiers are below the house.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">AC magnetic fields occur when there is AC flowing (current) through a wire. (considered low frequency EMF)</div><div class="">AC electric fields are an indication of the presence of electrical pressure across a wire/area. (considered low frequency EMF)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">High frequency or microwaves are when the AC magnetic and electric fields combine to create EMF Electromagnetic fields. These happen within a few wavelengths out from the source where they combine to create one wave form.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">When converting DC to AC, transformers/inverters of any kind can generate a significant amount of AC fields, as well as VLF (Very Low Frequency Fields), which is the harmonic noise on the sine wave, which makes for non smooth waves, making your computer crap out. Proper installation of photovoltaics should hopefully resolve most of that since everyone wants clean power. That said, if your PV installer doesn’t understand clean frequencies on the occupant load side, you should have someone different install your PV. Some equipment is also worse than others. Measurements are required on all installations since wiring errors can also amplify these issues. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">All of these can have impacts on human health. Some people are more sensitive to some of these than other people. They all add to the body burden of biological exposures, chemical exposures, particulate exposures and EMF exposures. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Gratuitous plug: </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I do teach IEQ and EMR for Designers and Builders, a 4 day course in Santa Fe, NM through the International Institute for Building Biology and Ecology. We do not wear tin foil hats. Everything is based on measurements and science and research. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I hope that helps.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Stephen</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class="">
<div style="letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space;" class=""><div style="letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space;" class=""><div class=""><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class="">Stephen Collette </div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class="">BBEC, BBNC, LEED AP, CAHP, BSSO</div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class="">Principal</div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class=""><b class=""><i class="">Your Healthy House</i></b> </div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class=""><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;">Indoor Environmental Testing & Building Consulting</span></font></div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class=""><a href="http://www.yourhealthyhouse.ca/" class="">http://www.yourhealthyhouse.ca</a></div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class=""><a href="mailto:stephen@yourhealthyhouse.ca" class="">stephen@yourhealthyhouse.ca</a></div><div style="orphans: 2; widows: 2;" class="">705.652.5159</div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div></div></div><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2018 09:11:45 -0700</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">From: Antonioli Dan <</span><a href="mailto:solardan26@gmail.com" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">solardan26@gmail.com</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">></span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">To: Green Building <</span><a href="mailto:greenbuilding@lists.bioenergylists.org" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">greenbuilding@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">></span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Subject: [Greenbuilding] Photovoltaics and EMFs</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Message-ID: <</span><a href="mailto:6CBEFDF7-661F-440F-940C-F62326F5E0D0@gmail.com" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">6CBEFDF7-661F-440F-940C-F62326F5E0D0@gmail.com</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">></span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Someone recently told me that you shouldn?t put PV systems on roofs because they produce a massive and unhealthy amount of EMFs that get into your home. They heard this from a naturopathic doctor and were pretty much convinced of it. I?ve done a casual search online for articles that would address this but there?s not much and the test results seem inconclusive. I pointed out that if they were concerned about EMFs they should consider all of the AC wiring in their home and all of the appliances, etc. An electric stove kicks out a lot of EMFs, but people tend to obsess over specific things, like smart meters, etc.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Has anyone researched PV and EMFs? Or measured it?</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Dan Antonioli</span><br style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none;" class=""><span style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">Laytonville Ecovillage</span></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></div>_______________________________________________<br>Greenbuilding mailing list<br>to Send a Message to the list, use the email address<br><a href="mailto:Greenbuilding@bioenergylists.org">Greenbuilding@bioenergylists.org</a><br><br>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page<br>http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/greenbuilding_lists.bioenergylists.org</blockquote></div><br></body></html>