[Stoves] Natural draft TLUD w/ secondary air slot

[Jonathan P Gill]

Stovers,

I have had success with natural draft TLUDs with secondary slots and with TLUDs with secondary air from three three triangular cutouts that, bent into the TLUD, form a vortex generator.  I also find that a fan powered TLUD with a solid disk "burner" that allows the syngas to escape via the gap between the disk and the sides of the TLUD also works.  Next to try is a disk that seals the reactor but has holes around the circumference to allow the syngas to escape -- ala Prof Belinio & P. Olivier.

Clearly there are many solutions to TLUD design.  Natural draft secondary air via holes, slots, cut outs, or fan powered forced draft secondary. Or use concentrator rings or deflectors?  Vortex generators?  etc.  All solutions, of course, will have to be tuned for local conditions and fuel types.  One size does not fit all.

Photos below are of a natural draft TLUD with a secondary air slot and three deflectors. No vortex generator.  The reactor can is made from  a 4 lbs tuna fish can.

Please remember that iCans are designed to be very affordable teaching tools with which to introduce students to pyrolysis, carbon harvesting, carbon negative energy, soil health, etc.
The sad thing is that the word "pyrolysis" is not covered by any of the tests that most teachers are now forced to teach to.  These tests, consequently, stymie out side the box thinking and the introduction of new ideas.  They merely re-inforce the current given "wisdom" and the status quo.  How do we get around this limiting factor in our educational system?



View into the vigorous flame which is mostly below the deflectors, mounted on two inch angle braces.  Very little flame shoots up and out the top.



Side view of the above with a bit of flame escaping.  The outer unit shields the secondary slot from breezes and wind gusts.  
This design is very resistant to being blown out even by strong gusts.




The interior "guts" of the small natural draft iCan TLUD with secondary air slot topped by a draft enhancer.

The tuna fish can sets up on three small angle brackets attached to its bottom.  
The top piece is a standard 6" to 4" reducer readily available in stove shops.



Flame floating on wood pellet syngas.  
The height of the gap can easily be adjusted by raising or lowering the three angle brackets which are both attachment points for the deflectors and the base for the draft enhancer.




Side view of the small natural draft iCan TLUD in its windshield.

I have also posted on YouTube a short video of the flames in a natural draft iCan with three secondary air ports and a vortex generator - see below.
In the video, you will be able to hear the turbulence in the burning gases.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0taQcvbvVWM&feature=youtu.be



Note: All the photos and video are made with an iPhone. 

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