Dear Tom, Kelpie and All:<br><br>I thought the Dome School stove making description was excellent. Two things are missing. <br><br>A cross section drawing, showing the relationship of the cans and the various air entries would be easy to follow during assembly and good training for the scholars in reading mechanical drawings. It would also be good for discussing the principles of the TLUD stoves, showing some fuel on top already turned to charcoal, a (preferably red) flaming pyrolysis section between finished charcoal and fuel, and the unburned fuel. <br>
<br>Without this, they will have a working stove, but won't be able to construct other sizes easily. <br><><><><br><br>When my car burns gasoline it must have an air/fuel ratio of 14.5/1, 14.5 lbs of air for each lb of gasoline. Less than this leaves unburned CO and H2; more than this gives NOX emissions and lean misfire. <br>
<br>The exact ratio is not so important for TLUD combustion, fortunately, because fuel properties vary in moisture content etc. However, for every 1 lb of air used to pyrolyse the fuel, you need 5 lb of air to burn the gas. So the ratio of hole sizes between secondary and primary, S/P= 5 approximately. I am surprised at how few stove makers understand this. <br>
<br>Great stoves aren't they.<br><br>TOM REED THE BIOMASS ENERGY FOUNDATION <a href="http://WWW.WOODGAS.COM">WWW.WOODGAS.COM</a> <br><br><br><br>How to Make the Dome School Biochar Stove<br>April 23, 2010<br>By Kelpie Wilson<br>
<a href="mailto:kelpiew@gmail.com">kelpiew@gmail.com</a><br><a href="http://www.greenyourhead.com">www.greenyourhead.com</a>.<br><a href="http://dome-school-biochar.wikispaces.com/">http://dome-school-biochar.wikispaces.com/</a><br>
<br><div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Nov 8, 2010 at 3:00 PM, <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:stoves-request@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves-request@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">
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Today's Topics:<br>
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1. Re: Deaths from indoor air pollution from solid fuel<br>
(Crispin Pemberton-Pigott)<br>
2. Re: Biochar Projects for Science Students (frank)<br>
<br>
<br>
----------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
<br>
Message: 1<br>
Date: Mon, 8 Nov 2010 11:05:45 -0500<br>
From: "Crispin Pemberton-Pigott" <<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com">crispinpigott@gmail.com</a>><br>
To: "'Discussion of biomass cooking stoves'"<br>
<<a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Deaths from indoor air pollution from solid fuel<br>
Message-ID: <016501cb7f5e$e0f07720$a2d16560$@<a href="http://gmail.com" target="_blank">gmail.com</a>><br>
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<br>
Dear Friends<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
I agree with Carolina.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
The WHO seems to be based on other published works. I have written to<br>
Jostein asking what he thinks about the sources.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Regards<br>
<br>
Crispin<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
++++++++++<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
As you notice they mention the work done here in Guatemala by Dr. Kirk Smith<br>
from Berkeley and Dr. Nigel Bruce who is now working for the W.H.O. in<br>
Geniva in this aspect. Please Dr. Smith mention to me that his publications<br>
are available in his website.<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Be fine and have a nice day<br>
<br>
Carolina Romero<br>
<br>
Field Project Manager<br>
<br>
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Message: 2<br>
Date: Mon, 08 Nov 2010 10:34:17 -0800<br>
From: frank <<a href="mailto:frank@compostlab.com">frank@compostlab.com</a>><br>
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
<<a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Biochar Projects for Science Students<br>
Message-ID: <<a href="mailto:4CD842A9.7060809@compostlab.com">4CD842A9.7060809@compostlab.com</a>><br>
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<br>
Tom<br>
Don't know where to start.<br>
Hach has good test equipment designed for easy use.<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.hach.com/hc/browse.exploded.product.category.catalog/PRODCAT0560/NewLinkLabel=Laboratory+Supply" target="_blank">http://www.hach.com/hc/browse.exploded.product.category.catalog/PRODCAT0560/NewLinkLabel=Laboratory+Supply</a><br>
<br>
Most important I suggest the students discuss the ways to test biochar<br>
when looking at plant response. Its real different than studying a<br>
fertilizer, water, temperature or something else the plant really<br>
needs. Biochar is a secondary response. In some soils it may hold more<br>
water and if water is the limiting growth factor it will show. Same as<br>
fertilizer etc.<br>
<br>
Holding nutrients (as you state), changes in: void space, density,<br>
microbial activity (CO2 produced), hydraulic conductivity, shrinkage<br>
of clay etc. These are all important only in situations where they are<br>
the limiting growth factor.<br>
<br>
For the carbon sequestering I use a procedure using a pipe, filled with<br>
biochar, screw one end cap on tight and the other one turn lose. Heat to<br>
450 deg C in a controlled furnace and record the change in weight. The<br>
carbon left (after ashing at 550 deg. C) will have ~80 percent carbon.<br>
something like that.<br>
<br>
Frank<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Tom Miles wrote:<br>
<br>
> We need experiments for high school science students to make and use<br>
> biochar.<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Kelpie and Christa have provided good instructions for small biochar<br>
> stoves for students wanting to learn about biochar:<br>
><br>
> How to Make the Dome School Biochar stove, Kelpie wilson<br>
><br>
> <a href="http://greenyourhead.typepad.com/files/how-to-make-dome-school-biochar-stove.pdf" target="_blank">http://greenyourhead.typepad.com/files/how-to-make-dome-school-biochar-stove.pdf</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Basic Design Principles of the Pyrolytic TLUD Gasifier Stove in 2010<br>
> Bq Demonstrations, or "How many sausages can you grill in the process<br>
> of making 30g of biochar? Christa Roth<br>
><br>
> <a href="http://terrapreta.bioenergylists.org/files/2010%20biochar-bq%20demonstration%20by%20Christa%20Roth.pdf" target="_blank">http://terrapreta.bioenergylists.org/files/2010%20biochar-bq%20demonstration%20by%20Christa%20Roth.pdf</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> What student projects can demonstrate the ability of biochar to<br>
> capture nutrients and retain them for plant growth?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Nutrient capture: are there simple leaching or column tests where<br>
> students can filter a known concentration of fertilizer elements<br>
> through samples of soil with and without biochar and directly measure<br>
> the concentration in the filtrate using something like a specific ion<br>
> electrode or conductivity tester e.g. K or nitrates, or heavy metals<br>
> like Pb, or Cd?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Greenhouse/pot tests: can the students then test the same media with<br>
> and without biochar in pot tests?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> A students recently asked if there is a way that she can measure the<br>
> amount of carbon in biochar that will be available for carbon<br>
> sequestration. Any examples or ideas?<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Thanks<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> Tom<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
> T R Miles Technical Consultants, Inc.<br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.trmiles.com" target="_blank">www.trmiles.com</a><br>
><br>
> <a href="http://www.biochar.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">www.biochar.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
>------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
><br>
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--<br>
Frank Shields<br>
Soil Control Lab<br>
42 Hangar way<br>
Watsonville, CA 95076<br>
(831) 724-5422 tel<br>
(831) 724-3188 fax<br>
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End of Stoves Digest, Vol 3, Issue 9<br>
************************************<br>
</blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><br>-- <br>NOTE: PLEASE CHANGE MY ADDRESS TO <a href="mailto:TOMBREED2010@GMAIL.COM">TOMBREED2010@GMAIL.COM</a><br><br>Dr. Thomas B. Reed<br>The Biomass Energy Foundation<br>BEF, BEC, BER<br>
<br>