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<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB>When I started my work on simple cooking
stoves late 1980ties I did not know any thing about the concept of TLUD-ND apart
from the fact we used it making smokeless fire when we stayed in the forest
during the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> ww Illegal hunting. By coincidence, after a lot of
trying and failing I happen to make a perfect simple cooking stove tested at
Copenhagen Technical high school in 1988 and found completely clean burning. .It
was introduced in <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:country-region
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Malawi</st1:place></st1:country-region> in 1998
with stamped grass as fuel. In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Mozambique</st1:place></st1:country-region> in 1990, with cashew nut
peals as fuel. In <st1:metricconverter w:st="on" ProductID="1989 in">1989
in</st1:metricconverter> <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Ghana</st1:place></st1:country-region>, with chopped slabs as fuel. In
Tanzania in <st1:metricconverter w:st="on" ProductID="1990, in">1990,
in</st1:metricconverter> Uganda in 1994 with straw and chopped wood as fuel,
where it was given the Acholi name Peko Pe (no problem), in Ethiopia with
briquettes of cowdung and straw as fuel, In Senegal with compressed grownut
peals as fuel. with chopped wood and in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">China</st1:place></st1:country-region> in 2003and In Zambia 2008 <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>with chopped wood All places the same
stove locally made by local tinsmiths with the tools they had and from plane
metal sheets or scrap metal sheets. All working perfect without any smoke and
little soot.. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB>At Trade Fair exhibition in Kampala 1997 we
were selling 500 stoves in two days at market prise That time
5$.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB>At <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Aprovecho Stove Camp 2009 I made one by
memory of a 3<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>litres tin and some
leftover sheets, it was tested and found clean burning and given the Kirk Smiths
Award<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>Fuel to Cook 5L <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>(8 50/1500) g<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>768.8<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>CO to Cook 5L (20)<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>23.0<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>PM to Cook 5L (1500<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>223.1<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>15,000/25,000mkJ<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>Energy to Cook 5L<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>14,807<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>Time to boil <st1:metricconverter w:st="on" ProductID="5 litres">5
litres</st1:metricconverter> min<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>28.1<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>CO2 to Cook 5L708.6<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>708.6<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB>Biochar has entered the arena and made the
discussion about cooking stoves a bit more interesting. And Dean Still is right
when he says by TLUD-ND you can choose between energy for simmering or biochar.
Just by stopping cooking process when flame is ended you will have about
150-<st1:metricconverter w:st="on" ProductID="200 gram">200
gram</st1:metricconverter> of biochar.. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN>Peko Pe which mean “no problem” according to the Acholi tribe women have
a problem and that is infrastructure on fuel. Fuel, stove and user is one unit
which can not be separated, If you don’t have the fuel to an appropriate price
you will not manage..<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB>Fuel and stoves is a part of the social life in a community, a part
of the commerce and the communication in the society.. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-GB>The charcoal business is the key to a
successful approach. They have the full infrastructure intact and can easy
change from charcoal to alternative biomass for cooking. The local tinsmiths
have the tools and the knowledge for production. They need only some guidelines,
a template and customers for this simple technology.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB><o:p> <A
href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amaUDK6VyRg">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amaUDK6VyRg</A><BR><A
href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi3Xx7NtTGw&feature=related">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi3Xx7NtTGw&feature=related</A><BR><A
href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsfuVGBi4fc&feature=related">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsfuVGBi4fc&feature=related</A></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-GB><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT
size=3>With regards Paal W </FONT><A href="mailto:paaw@online.no"><FONT
size=3>paaw@online.no</FONT></A><FONT size=3>
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