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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US link="#1E66AE" vlink="#1E66AE"><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>We have burned plantation residues in industrial boilers in New Zealand. In order to make a clean fuel the nutrient laden bark, limbs and branches are pretty well stripped and left in the soil. I think that amounts to about 20% of the total biomass. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Tom<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org [mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Kevin<br><b>Sent:</b> Saturday, December 18, 2010 8:31 PM<br><b>To:</b> biochar@yahoogroups.com<br><b>Cc:</b> Biochar-production; Discussion biomass<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] [biochar] Capturing carbon in the timber industry<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Dear John</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Leaving the tops, limbs, and stump on site after harvesting is probably a good thing, especially if the slash is driven over by the harvesting machinery. Crushing it down helps it to return organic matter to the soil, and minimize the fire hazard if it is allowed to dry without contact with the ground.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Something like 90% of the nutrients in a tree are in the branches and leaves or needles, and it is a big mistake to remove them from the site. It can lead to rapid nutrient depletion. Removing the stumps for their biomass loosens the ground excessively, and can aggravate possible erosion problems. </span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>"Natural" stands, in contrast to plantations, invariably have a range of tree species, some of which have commercial value, and some of which don't. It makes sense to harvest the "unmerchantable stems" for fuel or charcoaling purposes. However, leaving the tops, limbs, leaves/needles and stumps seems to be a good step toward sustainable forest management.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Best wishes,</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Kevin Chisholm</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='border:none;border-left:solid black 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>----- Original Message ----- <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:#E4E4E4'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:jn@cloudworld.co.uk" title="jn@cloudworld.co.uk">John Nissen</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>To:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com" title="biochar@yahoogroups.com">biochar@yahoogroups.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cc:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> <a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" title="rongretlarson@comcast.net">Ron Larson</a> ; <a href="mailto:Biochar-production@yahoogroups.com" title="Biochar-production@yahoogroups.com">Biochar-production</a> ; <a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org" title="stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">Discussion biomass</a> ; <a href="mailto:rongretlarson@comcast.net" title="rongretlarson@comcast.net">Ron Larson</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Sent:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> Saturday, December 18, 2010 6:21 PM<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Subject:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> [biochar] Capturing carbon in the timber industry<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p><div id=ygrp-mlmsg><div id=ygrp-msg><div id=ygrp-text><p style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Hi all,<br><br>I've just had a month's holiday in New Zealand, where forestry is big <br>business, and was horrified by the way they apparently left wood debris <br>on the ground after taking the timber away. They also left stumps in <br>the ground to rot away. Has any thought been given into capturing the <br>carbon left after the timber is removed? It must be a major source of <br>CO2 and methane.<br><br>Cheers,<br><br>John<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:white'>__._,_.___<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:7.5pt' id=ygrp-actbar><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#666666'><a href="mailto:jn@cloudworld.co.uk?subject=Re%3A%20Capturing%20carbon%20in%20the%20timber%20industry">Reply to <b>sender</b></a> | <a href="mailto:biochar@yahoogroups.com?subject=Re%3A%20Capturing%20carbon%20in%20the%20timber%20industry">Reply to <b>group</b></a> | <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biochar/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJycWprM3ZkBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzIyNDM4MDUyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNzQxODYxMgRtc2dJZAMxMjA4NwRzZWMDZnRyBHNsawNycGx5BHN0aW1lAzEyOTI3MTA5MDk-?act=reply&messageNum=12087">Reply <b>via web post</b></a> | <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biochar/post;_ylc=X3oDMTJmc2trYmgyBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzIyNDM4MDUyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNzQxODYxMgRzZWMDZnRyBHNsawNudHBjBHN0aW1lAzEyOTI3MTA5MDk-"><b>Start a New Topic</b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#666666'><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biochar/message/12084;_ylc=X3oDMTM3dDJzdHZmBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzIyNDM4MDUyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNzQxODYxMgRtc2dJZAMxMjA4NwRzZWMDZnRyBHNsawN2dHBjBHN0aW1lAzEyOTI3MTA5MDkEdHBjSWQDMTIwODQ-">Messages in this topic</a> (<b>4</b>) <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:7.5pt' id=ygrp-vital><p class=MsoNormal style='background:#E0ECEE'><b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#333333;text-transform:uppercase'>Recent Activity:</span></b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-right:solid black 1.0pt;padding:0in 4.0pt 0in 0in;background:#E0ECEE;margin-left:-.25in;margin-right:0in'><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1;background:#E0ECEE;border:none;padding:0in'><![if !supportLists]><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>·<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span class=cat><b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biochar/members;_ylc=X3oDMTJndW1ic2c5BF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzIyNDM4MDUyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNzQxODYxMgRzZWMDdnRsBHNsawN2bWJycwRzdGltZQMxMjkyNzEwOTA5?o=6"><span style='text-decoration:none'>New Members</span></a></span></b></span><b><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'> <span class=ct><span style='color:#FF7900'>1</span></span> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='background:#E0ECEE'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#1E66AE'><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/biochar;_ylc=X3oDMTJmZDRmN2hvBF9TAzk3MzU5NzE0BGdycElkAzIyNDM4MDUyBGdycHNwSWQDMTcwNzQxODYxMgRzZWMDdnRsBHNsawN2Z2hwBHN0aW1lAzEyOTI3MTA5MDk-"><span style='text-decoration:none'>Visit Your Group</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div style='border:solid #D8D8D8 1.0pt;padding:0in 8.0pt 0in 8.0pt;margin-top:3.75pt;margin-bottom:7.5pt;float:left' id=ygrp-mkp><div style='margin-top:7.5pt;margin-bottom:7.5pt' id=hd><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:121%'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;line-height:121%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#628C2A'>MARKETPLACE<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:7.5pt' id=ads><div><p><b><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#628C2A'><a href="http://global.ard.yahoo.com/SIG=15om2ko7b/M=493064.13814537.14041040.10835568/D=groups/S=1707418612:MKP1/Y=YAHOO/EXP=1292718109/L=35457060-0af5-11e0-a9c2-3798100149d4/B=BOUvB0oGYrE-/J=1292710909839182/K=OTEoANHT0pRDL.ri5SBOGA/A=6078812/R=0/SIG=114ae4ln1/*http:/dogandcatanswers.yahoo.com/">Get great advice about dogs and cats. 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