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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Dear Stovers<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>We have now performance tests on 17 different stove types at the SEET laboratory in Ulaanbaatar, over 50 tests in all. Some were iterations of the same stove with changes in operating method and changes it hardware but not really different stoves so those count as 1 model. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>The result will be coming soon and continue for those interested in following it. The stoves fall into the following categories:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Traditional bottom lit updraft<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Crossdraft<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Top lit updraft<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Bottom lit downdraft<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>They can also be divided into two general groups: those that can be refuelled and those that are batch-loaded.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>The refuellable ones can be further divided into two sub-groups: those that are refuelled periodically and those that have hoppers for continuous refuelling.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>As time passes we are sure to see original and interesting new products that challenge conventional classification.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>We have shown that operator technique is not very important for high emissions stoves and quite important for low emissions ones. For example a badly lit TLUD easily fails the ‘improved stove’ selection criteria for funding (a rebated subsidy).<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>The provisional minimum performance criteria are relative to a local stove baseline. It is an emissions per net MegaJoule of heat delivered into the home. That means it factors the actual emissions per kg of fuel by the thermal efficiency so the actual emissions required to heat and cook are used to make the judgement. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>The baseline is 650 mg PM2.5/Net MJ and CO is 13.5 g/Net MJ delivered.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Qualifying stoves will emit less than 70 mg PM2.5/NMJ and 7 g CO/NMJ.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>There is also a cooking test and they have to be able to run continuously 24/7 plus a few other assessments like a 5 year life expectancy. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>So far at least 5 stoves are in the 99% reduction category. They are not similar, including TLUD, BLDD and Cross Draft models. The thermal efficiency as a space heater is usually in the 80-85% range. Cost ranges from $60 to $250.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>One of the more unusual models that popped up last week is a TLUD that can be run continuously at full power 24/7.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>A large number of interesting figures comes out of the test analysis which includes emissions during portions of the test like the ignition and dying fire phase. It quickly becomes obvious to the observer that start-up emissions account for nearly all the PM emitted by a decent coal stove and many of them are net-negative for PM during significant portions of the brown coal burn, i.e. they are cleaning the ambient air of particulates! Most interesting.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Regards<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin:0mm;margin-bottom:.0001pt'>Crispin in Seoul<o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>