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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dear All<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0mm 0mm 0mm'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Very useful, Ron. I love real numbers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The theoretical limit for CO from biomass is about 38.4% (384,000 ppm). One could express the yield in % terms and also remind readers what % that is of the potential.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>The 38.4 is twice the value of the CO<sub>2</sub> Max for that fuel (typically 19.2% for biomass).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Alex cc stoves list:<br><br> 1. Thanks for the input. I also have found a case where CO2 exceeded CO content: see Fig 3 in<br><a href="http://ncsu.edu/bioresources/BioRes_04/BioRes_04_3_0946_Wang_CDYZS_Gas_Char_Microwave_Pyrol_Pine_Sawdust_504.pdf">http://ncsu.edu/bioresources/BioRes_04/BioRes_04_3_0946_Wang_CDYZS_Gas_Char_Microwave_Pyrol_Pine_Sawdust_504.pdf</a><br> <br> 2. But in general I have found CO to be (by far) the largest pyrolysis gas output. See for instance, Fig 4 at:<br> <a href="http://www.btgworld.com/uploads/documents/Gasification%20Attachment%20Website%20v2.pdf">http://www.btgworld.com/uploads/documents/Gasification%20Attachment%20Website%20v2.pdf</a><br><br> The use of equivalence ratio (used in that figure) could be a very good one for us to try to report.<br><br> 3. I haven't found the right cite yet - but some might like this paper/chapter showing a range of values for CO:<br><a href="http://nariphaltan.virtualave.net/gasbook.pdf">http://nariphaltan.virtualave.net/gasbook.pdf</a><br><br> 4. I wandered around various gas monitoring equipment web sites - and saw lots on IR approaches. Do you think that is the right one? I have given up looking for an optimum approach - as there is a huge array out there - and mostly very expensive. If I had to buy an instrument, I would start by seeing what University researchers report what they are using. Maybe someone on the list is into this measurement topic.<br><br>Ron<o:p></o:p></span></p><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center id=zwchr></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>