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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor=white lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Dear Ron<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>The two messages seem to have crossed in the post but I will try to catch up.<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>></span>Forget everything about joules as the fundamental variable. <span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>My second response did not include Joules. Just Carbon and how to make a CO2 production comparison.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>>…</span>do appropriate computations where the fundamental variable is kgs of C or CO2<span class=apple-style-span>. Think about comparing the carbon neutrality and carbon negativity values of stoves.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>The carbon neutrality of the source is judged on 2 counts by the UNFCCC, meaning there is non-renewable use of biomass and renewable. As I understand their present formulas (they allow mixing of the two) you will have to include the concept and consider coal to be in the same non-renewable category.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>So if I get you right you want to consider first the renewable or non-renewable aspect, right? That is not an attribute of the stove but it is an attribute of a programme with stoves in it, or could be.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Next you want to consider the turning of a renewably sourced biomass converted into a sequestered carbon, right?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>A non-renewably sourced biomass turned into sequestered carbon would cancel, are we agreed? Because it is unsustainably removed then put back. Is your point also that in doing so, we can get the H2 energy out? If so, then something that was about 50% not-sustainable could be changed into equally-sustainable, right? And I mean in terms of Carbon only, right?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>What it boils down to is that you could grow biomass using carbon that was not only recycled into new biomass after taking out some of the energy, but there would be a net sequestration. Is this the idea?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>The stove would be part of that equation though it is not a contribution directly by the stove, it is a contribution or achievement of the programme that manages the char and the biomass. For that reason I can’t see how you would attach the sequestration to the stove. If it an attribute of the system of which the stove is an integral part. But without the programme, the stove would not achieve it.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><br><br><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> RWL: I am certainly claiming that a stove with favorable carbon negative attributes needs to be recognized by stove performance monitoring groups. <span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>So my point is that the stove is not itself carbon negative. It is the behaviour of people who use it, or a programme that uses it. And that programme would qualify as the creator of that sequestration, not the stove. It is not a feature, metric of attribute of the stove.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:#1F497D'>></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>I do happen to believe that many char-making stoves are more energy efficient (because they can easily control power level and excess air) <span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>I expect them to be and have been disappointed lately as people copy one product or another and don’t get the basics right. I see a digression of opinion from forestry people and stove carbon people coming. The forestry people want to know how much raw fuel a stove takes from the stock of trees and they view ‘efficiency’ as the work done and the amount of wood taken. So ‘efficient’ has two quite different meanings. I think the heat transfer efficiency of gasifiers should or could be great but I approach things from an engineering perspective – efficiency of mass transfer! No so the boys with the seedlings.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='color:#1F497D'>>></span><span style='color:#1F497D'>Totally agree. There is to be </span><span style='color:#1F497D'>[NO] </span><span style='color:#1F497D'>double-counting.</span><o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> RWL. I don't understand last sentence.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Because I left out a word. </span><span style='font-family:Wingdings;color:#1F497D'>J</span><span style='color:#1F497D'> I meant that, as you said, you can’t claim both to be using less fuel while simultaneously creating masses of char, when that ‘less fuel’ is a number calculated from the energy used, not the fuel used. A stove can’t use ½ the fuel AND yield ½ of the energy in the form of char AND cook a meal with ‘the other ½’. That is three halves.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='color:#1F497D'>Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></body></html>