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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Otto,<br>
      <br>
      Sounds like you have a formula for those pellets.   Maybe others
      can replicate it.   (I was not making pellets, I just had contact
      with the press-cake).    Or is it possible to get any of those
      pellets?   <br>
      <br>
      How can we proceed with this?<br>
      <br>
      Paul<br>
      <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Paul S. Anderson, PhD  aka "Dr TLUD"
Email:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   Skype: paultlud  Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website:  <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
      On 1/20/2013 3:47 PM, Otto Formo wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:BAY162-W9645340E688726665A91AEA100@phx.gbl"
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      <div dir="ltr">
        Dear all,
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>I dont know to much about the presscake of Jatropha from
          Mosambique or Uganda, but the pellets we were introduced to in
          Zambia, does not remind me about any of the discription given
          by Paul.</div>
        <div>The pellets are dry and easy to handle and far from sticky.</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>May be we have discovered the "secret" combination
          .................:)</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Have any of you considered to mix it with sawdust, a well
          known metode to "control" oil spill, or any other suitable
          biomass?</div>
        <div><br>
        </div>
        <div>Otto<br>
          <br>
          <div>
            <hr id="stopSpelling">Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2013 15:25:04 -0600<br>
            From: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a><br>
            To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
            CC: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:nathan@grotontimberworks.com">nathan@grotontimberworks.com</a>; <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:davidpotto@gmail.com">davidpotto@gmail.com</a>;
            <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:wastemin1@verizon.net">wastemin1@verizon.net</a>; <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:solarbobky@yahoo.com">solarbobky@yahoo.com</a>;
            <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:dcovert@u.washington.edu">dcovert@u.washington.edu</a><br>
            Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel? -- and
            possible project<br>
            <br>
            <div class="ecxmoz-cite-prefix">Jonathan,<br>
              <br>
              You wrote:<br>
              <blockquote> we too have had the experience of getting
                smoke and incomplete gasification from very dry seed
                that was stored too long in arid conditions. <br>
              </blockquote>
              I suspect you meant to say "incomplete combustion of the
              gases".   I suspect that your very dry fuel did get
              pyrolyzed all the way to charcoal.   (and I suspect that
              you are not referring to the gasification of the char,
              which should  not be allowed to occur inside of TLUD
              stoves because the high heat of char-gasification is
              detrimental to the metal of the stoves.).<br>
              <br>
              There seem to be enough Jatropha seeds for both pressing
              them for oil AND for using some directly as seed-fuels. 
              Advantages of seed fuels include:<br>
              1.  Already packaged with a natural protective coating
              (seed coat, not referring to the outer husk/shell)<br>
                          a.   to prevent entry of water (until
              conditions exist for sprouting).  Moisture content (MC) is
              reasonably consistent in intact seeds if you give them a
              little protection from the rain.<br>
                          b.   clean to the touch when handling the
              fuel.   They scoop well, and make no dust.<br>
                          c.   giving curved sides that allow passage of
              the needed Up-Draft primary air in TLUDs<br>
                          d.  (minor negative) prevent quick ignition,
              so we solve that by breaking up a few seeds to be at the
              top for ignition.   But no need to crack them all.<br>
              <br>
              2.  Packed with energy in the form of carbohydrates (and
              other "stuff" like oils that burn).   <br>
                         a.   That is why we do not burn most seeds,
              because they have value as food.   <br>
                         b.   But Jatropha seeds are inedible, so we can
              burn them.<br>
                         c.   The oils can be vaporized by the heat,
              meaning the pyrolysis does not occur for the oils.<br>
                         d.   Therefore, per unit of energy ultimately
              in the combustion flame, there is LESS charcoal produced
              per unit of weight than is the case of wood and maize
              cobs, etc. <br>
              <br>
              3.  And specifically Jatropha seeds are about the right
              size for collection, storage, handling, air passage.   And
              do not forget that the outer husk/hull can also be
              collected and used as fuel.<br>
              <br>
              4.  About the press-cake after oil extraction.   What I
              have seen (Mozambique and Uganda) does not appeal much to
              me as a fuel.   It needs further handling, is oily, and
              oil that does not dry remains slippery and therefore is
              not naturally great for making pellets or briquettes stick
              together.   IF the press cake is being produced, then
              certainly consider using it as a fuel.   But do not expect
              it to be easy or clean or even cheap.   Certainly not as
              inexpensive as the intact seeds.<br>
              <br>
              Again, I will sing the praises of Jet City Stoveworks
              (Otto brothers Jon and David and Prof. David Covert) and
              of Nathan Puffer (Vermont, not NH) for their work with
              whole Jatropha seeds in TLUD-ND (Jiko Safi) and TLUD-FA
              stoves, respectively.  And also Hugh McLaughlin who has
              done experimental work with oil seeds as fuels in TLUDS
              (used sunflower seeds as a substitute).  <br>
              <br>
              We hope to see the Jiko Safi at ETHOS next week.  Maybe
              there will be sufficient interest and attendance that we
              can build with and upon the Safi work.  <br>
              <br>
              Paul<br>
              <pre class="ecxmoz-signature">Paul S. Anderson, PhD  aka "Dr TLUD"
Email:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>   Skype: paultlud  Phone: <span class="skype_pnh_print_container_1358715510">+1-309-452-7072</span><span class="skype_pnh_container" dir="ltr" tabindex="-1"><span class="skype_pnh_mark"> begin_of_the_skype_highlighting</span> <span class="skype_pnh_highlighting_inactive_common" dir="ltr" skypeaction="skype_dropdown" title="Click to make a low cost call with Skype"><span class="skype_pnh_left_span" skypeaction="skype_dropdown" title="Skype actions">  </span><span class="skype_pnh_dropart_span" skypeaction="skype_dropdown" title="Skype actions"><span class="skype_pnh_dropart_flag_span" skypeaction="skype_dropdown">      </span>   </span><span class="skype_pnh_textarea_span"><span class="skype_pnh_text_span">+1-309-452-7072</span></span><span class="skype_pnh_right_span">    &
 nbsp;</
span></span> <span class="skype_pnh_mark">end_of_the_skype_highlighting</span></span>
Website:  <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com" target="_blank">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
              On 1/20/2013 12:16 PM, Jonathan Otto wrote:<br>
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              <div dir="ltr"> Alex,<br>
                 <br>
                You and Ron Larson have the memory of an elephant. 
                Yes, I did make early postings to this list seeking help
                as we tried to develop a stove to burn liquid Jatropha
                oil many years ago.  As our German colleagues at
                Siemens demonstrated over sevearl years of interesting
                failures, a cheap, easy-to-maintain stove fueled
                by plant oils is very difficult or maybe impossible. 
                Then, for our efforts in Tanzania, Paul Anderson came
                along, preaching the gospel of TLUD, and we realized
                that extracting J oil as a liquid fuel was both
                unnecessary and inappropriate, when we can gasify these
                oils from within the seed. <br>
                 <br>
                Moisture level.  We've not done any systematic testing
                of seed moisture levels, but it's rarely an issue since
                people only harvest J seeds when they're completely dry
                on the vine.  Some sun drying helps if they get wet. 
                Going back to a comment Dean made recently about fuel
                being too dry to gasify well, we too have had the
                experience of getting smoke and incomplete gasification
                from very dry seed that was stored too long in arid
                conditions.  We need more field experience to say
                anything more useful about this.<br>
                 <br>
                Carl Beilenberg and J oil for electrical generation.  I
                have fallen out of touch with Carl in recent years, so I
                don't know what my fellow Vermonter is up to these days,
                but you can bet it's highly inventive.  I do know that
                he used to  run his diesel VW on J oil -- quite a trick
                for such a viscous fuel in our northern climate.  Since
                J seed is still not a traded commodity in most places,
                the economics of using it as fuel -- solid or liquid --
                can't be definitively determined, or I should say, will
                be highly site-specific. The  on-farm price range for J
                seed, excepting ridiculous spikes that occurred during
                the Jatropha silly period of the biofuel bubble after
                2005, runs from around US$0.12 to $0.25 per-kilo in my
                experience.  Depending on efficiency of extraction
                methods, quality of seed, etc., one can get 1 liter from
                3.5 kg - 5 kg of seed. Of course, feedstock is only one
                part of the cost equation.  <br>
                 <br>
                Thanks for yoiur interest,<br>
                 <br>
                Jonathan  <br>
                 <br>
                <div>
                  <hr id="ecxstopSpelling"> Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2013
                  10:14:42 -0500<br>
                  From: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                    href="mailto:english@kingston.net">english@kingston.net</a><br>
                  To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                    href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                  Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
                  <br>
                  <div class="ecxmoz-cite-prefix">Hi Jonathan,<br>
                    Its good to hear about the progress you have made. I
                    can remember your early missives to this list, was
                    it a decade ago?<br>
                    A few questions... about the stove;<br>
                    <br>
                    At what moisture level (in the whole seed) do you
                    see a drop off in emissions performance when burned
                    in the Jiko Safi?<br>
                    Is it easy for the users to tell when the seeds are
                    dry enough?<br>
                    <br>
                    ...about biofuel;<br>
                     Part of the idea was to provide electricity or
                    shaft power to communities or business with a Lister
                    engine on Jatropha oil. <br>
                    I remember visiting Carl Bielenberg's workshop where
                    he was doing the testing. <br>
                    Any success stories there or is diesel always
                    cheaper without a carbon consideration?<br>
                    <br>
                    Alex<br>
                    <br>
                    <br>
                    On 20/01/2013 9:23 AM, Jonathan Otto wrote:<br>
                  </div>
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                    <div dir="ltr">Hey Richard,<br>
                       <br>
                      Not sure why you feel my briquetting education has
                      been neglected, since that kind of fuel is
                      not mentioned in any of my postings; but
                      I certainly subscribe to Dean's comment: we all
                      have a lot to learn about such alternative
                      fuels. I would add: and the stoves that burn them
                      in a truly clean way.  Which brings up the
                      question: if a briquette or pellet is burned in an
                      open charcoal brazier, do we have a clean energy
                      source? To put in another way, there are no
                      'clean' or 'dirty' fuels; it's combination of fuel
                      and stove that must be evaluated together for
                      emissions and other performance parameters. <br>
                       <br>
                      My densified fuels question to Otto the Senior or
                      anyone else who can enlighten me concerning the
                      logic of pelletizing Jatropha presscake.  If
                      farmers grow their own energy-dense, uniform-sized
                      fuel, i.e., whole Jatropha seed, why complicate
                      matters by processing that ready-to-use fuel into
                      another fuel? No matter how efficient the
                      pelletizing process, it must require time and
                      energy. Why not burn these seeds directly in a
                      micro gasifier stove, such as our jiko safi?  <br>
                       <br>
                      Let me try to head off some likely comments. I
                      know that there are companies in many African and
                      Asian countries engaged in commercial
                      scale production of Jatropha (and other biofuel
                      crops) for export of biodeisel. Land grabbing and
                      other nefarious activities of some of these
                      players are obscene, as once again the global
                      north exploits tropical countries for cheap/free
                      land and cheap labor to meet its own needs. <br>
                       <br>
                      Yes, those Jatropha oil export ventures produce
                      presscake as a by-product which they pelletize and
                      market for fuel.  And yes, some smaller operations
                      in a few countries like Uganda, are trying to make
                      a go of producing Jatropha-based biofuels for
                      local and regional energy markets.  But for all
                      the publicity, most of it appropriately negative,
                      in the 'food vs. fuel' analysis, there's a lot
                      more to Jatropha than current attempts to put the
                      oil in European cars and jet engines.<br>
                       <br>
                      Far apart from all these recent commercial
                      Jatropha ventures, many of which are unprofitable
                      for reasons we can discuss another time if
                      anyone's interested, are many millions of farmers
                      in over 110 countries who use Jatropha as a living
                      hedge and for medicianl uses. Seems it's grown in
                      every frost-free area of the world. I've found it
                      from Cuba -- it's native to the neo-tropics -- to
                      Mali, which has thousands of kilometers of hedges,
                      to Bhutan where villagers were obliged to pay a
                      Jatropha tax to monks for lighting in floating
                      wick lamps.  <br>
                       <br>
                      My guess is that over 99% of all Jatropha seed
                      fall to the ground and rot, unused. (One study
                      in a district of Tanzania where Jatropha seed is a
                      traded commodity found that only 6% of  seed is
                      harvested.) As we all search for renewable,
                      sustainably harvested biomass to fuel our favorite
                      stoves, can we afford to overlook seeds of this
                      ubiquitous, multi-use species? <br>
                       <br>
                      The point of importuning my stove list colleagues
                      on a fine Sunday morning is to interest other
                      stove makers to look at Jatropha and other
                      energy-rich seeds as a category of fuel worth
                      consideration for new stove designs.  We are
                      modestly pleased with the performance of the jiko
                      safi, but we also know that some of you with far
                      deeper understanding of gasification and far more
                      experience in stove design could produce a much
                      better model.  Anyone want to take up this
                      challenge?<br>
                       <br>
                      Over to you,<br>
                       <br>
                      Jonathan<br>
                       <br>
                       <br>
                      <div>
                        <hr id="ecxstopSpelling"> From: <a
                          moz-do-not-send="true"
                          class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                          href="mailto:rstanley@legacyfound.org">rstanley@legacyfound.org</a><br>
                        Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013 20:46:53 -0600<br>
                        To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                          class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                          href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                        Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
                        <br>
                        <div>Dear Ottos,</div>
                        <div>Seems you both need training in
                          briquettemaking . Jon you know where to go in
                          nchi yeti but Otto, where are you based?
                          Seriously, the blends you are finding smelly
                          smokey etc suggests that you get in touch with
                          any of hundreds of others who can train you. </div>
                        <div>Richard Stanley</div>
                        <div>Monte Rico,</div>
                        <div>Guatemala<br>
                          <br>
                          Sent from my iPhone</div>
                        <div><br>
                          On Jan 19, 2013, at 18:10, Otto Formo <<a
                            moz-do-not-send="true"
                            href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a>>

                          wrote:<br>
                          <br>
                        </div>
                        <blockquote>
                          <div>
                            <div dir="ltr">Josh and Jonathan (Otto),
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>Yes, we are talking about the
                                presscake of Jatropha and it was
                                processed into pellets localy in Zambia,
                                quite easily and with "simple" tools -
                                (no waste of energy)</div>
                              <div><br>
                                We had the same experience as your
                                colleagues using briquettes made out of
                                ricehusks and sawdust.</div>
                              <div>They even started to glow like
                                charcoal early in the gasification
                                process and produced smoky and smouldery
                                combustion.</div>
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>Thast why we prefer to use pellets of
                                best possible quality. </div>
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>I hope you are correct about<span
                                  style="font-size:10pt"> the
                                  gasification of jatropha pellets will
                                  destroy the phorbol esters and other
                                  problematic compounds instead of
                                  emitting them.</span></div>
                              <div><span style="font-size:10pt">Iam a
                                  bit worried about the forced draft
                                  units, while they seems to blow some
                                  parts of the ash and gases into the
                                  open air or room.</span></div>
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>May be the char from Jatropha could
                                have a pestecide effect as well?</div>
                              <div><br>
                              </div>
                              <div>Otto<br>
                                <div>
                                  <hr id="ecxstopSpelling"> Date: Sat,
                                  19 Jan 2013 18:23:35 -0500<br>
                                  From: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    href="mailto:yeah.yeah.right.on@gmail.com">yeah.yeah.right.on@gmail.com</a><br>
                                  To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                  Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit
                                  as fuel?<br>
                                  <br>
                                  Otto - FYI jatropha presscake (the
                                  mealy material left over once oil has
                                  been pressed out of the seeds) can be
                                  directly pelletized without further
                                  processing. It's pretty easy to
                                  pelletize, even with a small, cheaper
                                  (e.g. benchtop) pellet press. The
                                  mealy presscake still contains some of
                                  the oil (think coffee grounds) and it
                                  pelletizes well without worry over
                                  moisture content or having to use a
                                  binder.
                                  <div><br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>The pellets burn in a TLUD
                                    similar to wood or other pellets, at
                                    least by visual observation and
                                    temperature recording. I have
                                    colleagues that have tried to make
                                    cooking briquettes with jatropha
                                    seedcake and had a very smoky,
                                    smouldery combustion. I believe
                                    there are concerns of some
                                    potentially toxic emissions (phorbol
                                    esters, other compounds?). I have
                                    not tested the emissions from TLUD
                                    charring jatropha pellets, but there
                                    was no visible smoke and the
                                    gasifier seemed to operate fine as
                                    it does with other types of pellets.
                                    It would be interesting to know if
                                    firing jatropha pellets in a TLUD
                                    destroys the phorbol esters and
                                    other problematic compounds instead
                                    of emitting them.</div>
                                  <div><br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>I first tried to char
                                    un-pelletized jatropha seedcake in
                                    the TLUD - because it is mealy like
                                    coffee grounds no draft could get
                                    through and it was a total fail -
                                    lots of smoke poured out! This
                                    brought the fire department to our
                                    Colorado backyard during a fire ban.
                                    Whoops.</div>
                                  <div><br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>Also FYI char made from TLUD
                                    jatropha pellets performed similar
                                    for herbicide uptake from simulated
                                    natural water as chars made in the
                                    same way from pine pellets, bagasse
                                    pellets, and bamboo pieces.</div>
                                  <div><br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div>Josh</div>
                                  <div><br>
                                  </div>
                                  <div><br>
                                    <br>
                                    <div class="ecxgmail_quote">On Sat,
                                      Jan 19, 2013 at 12:29 PM, Jonathan
                                      Otto <span dir="ltr"><<a
                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
                                          href="mailto:ottojonathan@hotmail.com">ottojonathan@hotmail.com</a>></span>
                                      wrote:<br>
                                      <blockquote
                                        style="border-left:#ccc
                                        1px\00000d\00000a
                                        solid;padding-left:1ex"
                                        class="ecxgmail_quote">
                                        <div>
                                          <div dir="ltr">
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
                                                size="3" face="Calibri">Otto,</font></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
                                                size="3" face="Calibri">Whole

                                                Jatropha seeds can be
                                                picked from hedges
                                                on-farm and used
                                                directly in our jiko
                                                safi gasification stove
                                                without any further
                                                effort (except maybe for
                                                some sun drying if
                                                harvested during a damp
                                                season) … the most
                                                decentralized, efficient
                                                sustainable fuel system
                                                I can imagine.</font></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
                                                size="3" face="Calibri">Sure,

                                                urban jiko safi users
                                                will need to buy their
                                                fuel seeds, so a
                                                commercial system for
                                                transport and retail
                                                sale of seed will be
                                                needed eventually,
                                                likely mimicking some
                                                aspects of the charcoal
                                                trade. But it’s just
                                                whole, unprocessed seed.</font></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
                                                size="3" face="Calibri">Concerning

                                                pelletized Jatropha
                                                fuel, I would like to
                                                understand the
                                                advantages you find in
                                                going through the costs
                                                and effort (including
                                                energy losses) of
                                                processing seeds to
                                                expel the oil, then
                                                probably milling the
                                                press cake and shells
                                                (?) to uniform
                                                size/texture, then
                                                extruding or otherwise
                                                forming the mixture into
                                                pellets, and finally
                                                distribute the fuel,
                                                some of which will go
                                                back to the same farmers
                                                that grew the Jatropha
                                                seed in the first place?</font></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
                                                size="3"><font
                                                  face="Calibri">I know
                                                  there are technical
                                                  advantages to
                                                  gasification of
                                                  uniform-sized pellets,
                                                  but it seems to me
                                                  that round or ovoid
                                                  shaped seeds like
                                                  Jatropha, castor (I
                                                  know, more poisons!),
                                                  shea or <span>croton
                                                    megalocarpus provide
                                                    this same advantage,
                                                    without going
                                                    through the
                                                    pelletization
                                                    process.<span>  </span>What
                                                    am I missing?</span></font></font></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span></span> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span><font
                                                  size="3"
                                                  face="Calibri">Otto,
                                                  the minor</font></span></p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span></span> </p>
                                            <p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span><font
                                                  size="3"
                                                  face="Calibri">P.S. 
                                                  It's too late for me
                                                  to retire 'on time'</font></span></p>
                                            <div>
                                              <div class="ecxim">
                                                <hr> From: <a
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a><br>
                                                To: <a
                                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                              </div>
                                              Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013
                                              17:23:37 +0100
                                              <div>
                                                <div class="h5"><br>
                                                  Subject: Re: [Stoves]
                                                  Jatropha fruit as
                                                  fuel?<br>
                                                  <br>
                                                  <div dir="ltr">Jonathan,

                                                    <div><br>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>We have got
                                                      some samples of
                                                      pelletized
                                                      jatropha shells
                                                      and seeds from
                                                      Zambia, after the
                                                      oil has been
                                                      extracted and we
                                                      feel that is the
                                                      way forward.</div>
                                                    <div><br>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>We will update
                                                      you on the
                                                      progress, so you
                                                      will be albe to
                                                      retire "on
                                                      time".................:)<br>
                                                      We are not so
                                                      worried about PM
                                                      in natural draft
                                                      gasifiers, but
                                                      thanks for the
                                                      concern.</div>
                                                    <div><br>
                                                    </div>
                                                    <div>Otto........................<br>
                                                      <div>
                                                        <hr> From: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:ottojonathan@hotmail.com">ottojonathan@hotmail.com</a><br>
                                                        To: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                                        Date: Sat, 19
                                                        Jan 2013
                                                        09:03:35 -0500<br>
                                                        Subject: Re:
                                                        [Stoves]
                                                        Jatropha fruit
                                                        as fuel?<br>
                                                        <br>
                                                        <div dir="ltr">Otto-<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          You 'would
                                                          guess' wrong.
                                                          <br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          'We should be
                                                          very careful
                                                          advising
                                                          people' about
                                                          such
                                                          unsupported
                                                          conclusions.<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          The challenges
                                                          of gasifying
                                                          oils found in
                                                          seeds, notably
                                                          the oils of
                                                          Jatropha seed,
                                                          in a cookstove
                                                          are far
                                                          different
                                                          from working
                                                          with
                                                          most pellets
                                                          formulations. <br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          I keenly look
                                                          forward to
                                                          news of your
                                                          all-fuel
                                                          stoves that
                                                          will handle J
                                                          seeds, and the
                                                          results of
                                                          your tests. I
                                                          sincerely hope
                                                          you develop
                                                          this soon, so
                                                          I can finally
                                                          retire in
                                                          peace.<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          Oh, and when
                                                          you do tests,
                                                          please include
                                                          particulates
                                                          in your
                                                          emissions
                                                          testing, so we
                                                          can finally
                                                          end all this
                                                          hand wringing
                                                          about 'these
                                                          types of
                                                          fuel'.<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          >From the
                                                          cheeky other
                                                          Otto,<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          Jonathan <br>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <hr> From: <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a><br>
                                                          To: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                                          Date: Fri, 18
                                                          Jan 2013
                                                          23:23:48 +0100<br>
                                                          Subject: Re:
                                                          [Stoves]
                                                          Jatropha fruit
                                                          as fuel?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <div dir="ltr">Dear

                                                          stovers,
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>I would
                                                          guess that
                                                          "any" gasifier
                                                          will burn
                                                          jatropha seeds
                                                          or pellets
                                                          cleanly and
                                                          efficient, as
                                                          long as the
                                                          moisture
                                                          content are
                                                          less than 10%.</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>We have
                                                          in the
                                                          pipeline to
                                                          test a new
                                                          design of
                                                          natural draft
                                                          gasifiers,
                                                          using jatropha
                                                          seeds and
                                                          pellets, for
                                                          emmissions and
                                                          toxcic fumes.</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>We should
                                                          be very
                                                          carefull
                                                          adviceing
                                                          people using
                                                          these types of
                                                          fuel, before
                                                          it has been
                                                          carefully
                                                          tested by
                                                          independent
                                                          institutions.</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>Have a
                                                          nice weekend.</div>
                                                          <div><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <div>Otto (not
                                                          the famous
                                                          one..........:)<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <hr> From: <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com">crispinpigott@gmail.com</a><br>
                                                          To: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                                          Date: Fri, 18
                                                          Jan 2013
                                                          10:19:11 -0500<br>
                                                          Subject: Re:
                                                          [Stoves]
                                                          Jatropha fruit
                                                          as fuel?<br>
                                                          <br>
                                                          <div><span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt">Dear

                                                          Jonathan</span><br>
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt"> </span><br>
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt">I
                                                          am interested
                                                          in the general
                                                          layout and
                                                          dimensions of
                                                          a stove that
                                                          will burn the
                                                          seeds well.
                                                          Are you
                                                          sharing at
                                                          this time
                                                          anything
                                                          regarding the
                                                          design?</span><br>
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt"> </span><br>
                                                          <span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt">Thanks<br>
                                                          Crispin</span><br>
                                                          <div>
                                                          <div
                                                          style="border-bottom:medium
                                                          none;border-left:medium
                                                          none;padding-bottom:0mm;padding-left:0mm;padding-right:0mm;border-top:#b5c4df
                                                          1pt\00000d\00000a
                                                          solid;border-right:medium
none;padding-top:3pt"><span
                                                          style="font-family:'Calibri','sans-serif';color:#1f497d;font-size:11pt">++++++++</span><span
style="font-family:'Tahoma','sans-serif';font-size:10pt" lang="EN-US"></span><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                           <br>
                                                          <div><span
                                                          style="font-family:'Tahoma','sans-serif';font-size:10pt">Dear

                                                          Joyce and
                                                          stovers all,<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          My regrets for
                                                          not responding
                                                          to this
                                                          request 6
                                                          months ago. 
                                                          I admit that
                                                          it got lost in
                                                          my messy inbox
                                                          which I have
                                                          now reduced
                                                          from 6000
                                                          messages to a
                                                          mere 2400, and
                                                          in the process
                                                          uncovered Joyce's

                                                          email.<br>
                                                           <br>
                                                          Burning
                                                          Jatropha seeds
                                                          whole or in
                                                          briquettes in
                                                          open cooking
                                                          arrangements
                                                          is a bad
                                                          idea.  It
                                                          produces a
                                                          smoky, smelly
                                                          fire and
                                                          probably
                                                          exposes cooks
                                                          to toxic
                                                          emissions.  I
                                                          even question
                                                          burning
                                                          Jatropha oil
                                                          in lamps in
                                                          enclosed areas
                                                          for the same
                                                          reason. Maybe
                                                          others know of
                                                          emissions
                                                          studies.<br>
                                                          <span
                                                          style="color:#1f497d">[snip]</span></span><br>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <br>
                                                          _______________________________________________

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                                                          see our web
                                                          site: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          </div>
                                                          <br>
                                                          _______________________________________________

                                                          Stoves mailing
                                                          list to Send a
                                                          Message to the
                                                          list, use the
                                                          email address
                                                          <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                          to UNSUBSCRIBE
                                                          or Change your
                                                          List Settings
                                                          use the web
                                                          page <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                          for more
                                                          Biomass
                                                          Cooking
                                                          Stoves, News
                                                          and
                                                          Information
                                                          see our web
                                                          site: <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                                                        </div>
                                                        <br>
                                                        _______________________________________________

                                                        Stoves mailing
                                                        list to Send a
                                                        Message to the
                                                        list, use the
                                                        email address <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                        to UNSUBSCRIBE
                                                        or Change your
                                                        List Settings
                                                        use the web page
                                                        <a
                                                          moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                        for more Biomass
                                                        Cooking Stoves,
                                                        News and
                                                        Information see
                                                        our web site: <a
moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                                                          target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                                                    </div>
                                                  </div>
                                                  <br>
                                                  _______________________________________________

                                                  Stoves mailing list to
                                                  Send a Message to the
                                                  list, use the email
                                                  address <a
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                  to UNSUBSCRIBE or
                                                  Change your List
                                                  Settings use the web
                                                  page <a
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                                                    target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                                  for more Biomass
                                                  Cooking Stoves, News
                                                  and Information see
                                                  our web site: <a
                                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                                              </div>
                                            </div>
                                          </div>
                                        </div>
                                        <br>
_______________________________________________<br>
                                        Stoves mailing list<br>
                                        <br>
                                        to Send a Message to the list,
                                        use the email address<br>
                                        <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                          href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                        <br>
                                        to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your
                                        List Settings use the web page<br>
                                        <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                                          target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
                                        <br>
                                        for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,
                                         News and Information see our
                                        web site:<br>
                                        <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                          href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                                          target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a><br>
                                        <br>
                                        <br>
                                      </blockquote>
                                    </div>
                                    <br>
                                    <br clear="all">
                                    <div><br>
                                    </div>
                                    -- <br>
                                    Josh Kearns<br>
                                    PhD Candidate, Environmental
                                    Engineering<br>
                                    University of Colorado-Boulder
                                    <div>Visiting Researcher, North
                                      Carolina State University</div>
                                    <div><br>
                                      <div>Director of Science</div>
                                      <div>Aqueous Solutions </div>
                                      <div><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                          href="http://www.aqsolutions.org/"
                                          target="_blank">www.aqsolutions.org</a></div>
                                      <div><br>
                                      </div>
                                      <div>Mobile: <span
                                          class="ecxskype_pnh_print_container_1358639000">720

                                          989 3959</span><span dir="ltr"
                                          class="ecxskype_pnh_container"
                                          tabindex="-1"><span
                                            class="ecxskype_pnh_mark">
                                            begin_of_the_skype_highlighting</span> <span
                                            dir="ltr"
                                            class="ecxskype_pnh_highlighting_inactive_common"
                                            title="Click to make a low
                                            cost call with Skype"><span
class="ecxskype_pnh_left_span" title="Skype actions">  </span><span
                                              class="ecxskype_pnh_dropart_span"
                                              title="Skype actions"><span
class="ecxskype_pnh_dropart_flag_span">      </span>   </span><span
                                              class="ecxskype_pnh_textarea_span"><span
class="ecxskype_pnh_text_span">720 989 3959</span></span><span
                                              class="ecxskype_pnh_right_span">     </span></span> <span
                                            class="ecxskype_pnh_mark">end_of_the_skype_highlighting</span></span><br>
                                        Skype: joshkearns<br>
                                        <br>
                                        <br>
                                        <br>
                                      </div>
                                    </div>
                                  </div>
                                  <br>
                                  _______________________________________________

                                  Stoves mailing list to Send a Message
                                  to the list, use the email address <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                  to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List
                                  Settings use the web page <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                                    target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                                  for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News
                                  and Information see our web site: <a
                                    moz-do-not-send="true"
                                    href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                                    target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </blockquote>
                        <blockquote>
                          <div><span>_______________________________________________</span><br>
                            <span>Stoves mailing list</span><br>
                            <span></span><br>
                            <span>to Send a Message to the list, use the
                              email address</span><br>
                            <span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a></span><br>
                            <span></span><br>
                            <span>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List
                              Settings use the web page</span><br>
                            <span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                                target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></span><br>
                            <span></span><br>
                            <span>for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News
                              and Information see our web site:</span><br>
                            <span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                                target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></span><br>
                            <span></span><br>
                          </div>
                        </blockquote>
                        <br>
                        _______________________________________________
                        Stoves mailing list to Send a Message to the
                        list, use the email address <a
                          moz-do-not-send="true"
                          class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                          href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                        to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use
                        the web page <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                          class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                          target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                        for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and
                        Information see our web site: <a
                          moz-do-not-send="true"
                          class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
                          href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                          target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
                    </div>
                    <br>
                    <fieldset class="ecxmimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
                    <br>
                    <pre>_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list

to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information see our web site:
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a>

</pre>
                  </blockquote>
                  <br>
                  <br>
                  _______________________________________________ Stoves
                  mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the
                  email address <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
                    href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                  to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the
                  web page <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
                    target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
                  for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information
                  see our web site: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                    class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
                    href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
                    target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
              </div>
              <br>
              <fieldset class="ecxmimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
              <br>
              <pre>_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list

to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information see our web site:
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a>

</pre>
            </blockquote>
            <br>
            <br>
            _______________________________________________
            Stoves mailing list
            to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
            <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
            to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
            <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

for
            more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our
            web site:
            <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list

to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>

for more Biomass Cooking Stoves,  News and Information see our web site:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a>

</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
  </body>
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