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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Jonathan,<br>
<br>
You wrote:<br>
<blockquote type="cite"> we too have had the experience of getting
smoke and incomplete gasification from very dry seed that was
stored too long in arid conditions. <br>
</blockquote>
I suspect you meant to say "incomplete combustion of the gases".
I suspect that your very dry fuel did get pyrolyzed all the way to
charcoal. (and I suspect that you are not referring to the
gasification of the char, which should not be allowed to occur
inside of TLUD stoves because the high heat of char-gasification
is detrimental to the metal of the stoves.).<br>
<br>
There seem to be enough Jatropha seeds for both pressing them for
oil AND for using some directly as seed-fuels. Advantages of seed
fuels include:<br>
1. Already packaged with a natural protective coating (seed coat,
not referring to the outer husk/shell)<br>
a. to prevent entry of water (until conditions exist
for sprouting). Moisture content (MC) is reasonably consistent in
intact seeds if you give them a little protection from the rain.<br>
b. clean to the touch when handling the fuel. They
scoop well, and make no dust.<br>
c. giving curved sides that allow passage of the
needed Up-Draft primary air in TLUDs<br>
d. (minor negative) prevent quick ignition, so we
solve that by breaking up a few seeds to be at the top for
ignition. But no need to crack them all.<br>
<br>
2. Packed with energy in the form of carbohydrates (and other
"stuff" like oils that burn). <br>
a. That is why we do not burn most seeds, because
they have value as food. <br>
b. But Jatropha seeds are inedible, so we can burn
them.<br>
c. The oils can be vaporized by the heat, meaning the
pyrolysis does not occur for the oils.<br>
d. Therefore, per unit of energy ultimately in the
combustion flame, there is LESS charcoal produced per unit of
weight than is the case of wood and maize cobs, etc. <br>
<br>
3. And specifically Jatropha seeds are about the right size for
collection, storage, handling, air passage. And do not forget
that the outer husk/hull can also be collected and used as fuel.<br>
<br>
4. About the press-cake after oil extraction. What I have seen
(Mozambique and Uganda) does not appeal much to me as a fuel. It
needs further handling, is oily, and oil that does not dry remains
slippery and therefore is not naturally great for making pellets
or briquettes stick together. IF the press cake is being
produced, then certainly consider using it as a fuel. But do not
expect it to be easy or clean or even cheap. Certainly not as
inexpensive as the intact seeds.<br>
<br>
Again, I will sing the praises of Jet City Stoveworks (Otto
brothers Jon and David and Prof. David Covert) and of Nathan
Puffer (Vermont, not NH) for their work with whole Jatropha seeds
in TLUD-ND (Jiko Safi) and TLUD-FA stoves, respectively. And also
Hugh McLaughlin who has done experimental work with oil seeds as
fuels in TLUDS (used sunflower seeds as a substitute). <br>
<br>
We hope to see the Jiko Safi at ETHOS next week. Maybe there will
be sufficient interest and attendance that we can build with and
upon the Safi work. <br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Paul S. Anderson, PhD aka "Dr TLUD"
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
On 1/20/2013 12:16 PM, Jonathan Otto wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote cite="mid:SNT137-W25D68E45CDE071711A685FD6100@phx.gbl"
type="cite">
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<div dir="ltr">
Alex,<br>
<br>
You and Ron Larson have the memory of an elephant. Yes, I
did make early postings to this list seeking help as we tried to
develop a stove to burn liquid Jatropha oil many years ago.
As our German colleagues at Siemens demonstrated over sevearl
years of interesting failures, a cheap, easy-to-maintain stove
fueled by plant oils is very difficult or maybe impossible.
Then, for our efforts in Tanzania, Paul Anderson came along,
preaching the gospel of TLUD, and we realized that extracting J
oil as a liquid fuel was both unnecessary and inappropriate,
when we can gasify these oils from within the seed. <br>
<br>
Moisture level. We've not done any systematic testing of seed
moisture levels, but it's rarely an issue since people only
harvest J seeds when they're completely dry on the vine. Some
sun drying helps if they get wet. Going back to a comment Dean
made recently about fuel being too dry to gasify well, we too
have had the experience of getting smoke and incomplete
gasification from very dry seed that was stored too long in arid
conditions. We need more field experience to say anything more
useful about this.<br>
<br>
Carl Beilenberg and J oil for electrical generation. I have
fallen out of touch with Carl in recent years, so I don't know
what my fellow Vermonter is up to these days, but you can bet
it's highly inventive. I do know that he used to run his
diesel VW on J oil -- quite a trick for such a viscous fuel in
our northern climate. Since J seed is still not a traded
commodity in most places, the economics of using it as fuel --
solid or liquid -- can't be definitively determined, or I should
say, will be highly site-specific. The on-farm price range for
J seed, excepting ridiculous spikes that occurred during the
Jatropha silly period of the biofuel bubble after 2005, runs
from around US$0.12 to $0.25 per-kilo in my experience.
Depending on efficiency of extraction methods, quality of seed,
etc., one can get 1 liter from 3.5 kg - 5 kg of seed. Of course,
feedstock is only one part of the cost equation. <br>
<br>
Thanks for yoiur interest,<br>
<br>
Jonathan <br>
<br>
<div>
<hr id="stopSpelling">
Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2013 10:14:42 -0500<br>
From: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:english@kingston.net">english@kingston.net</a><br>
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div class="ecxmoz-cite-prefix">Hi Jonathan,<br>
Its good to hear about the progress you have made. I can
remember your early missives to this list, was it a decade
ago?<br>
A few questions... about the stove;<br>
<br>
At what moisture level (in the whole seed) do you see a drop
off in emissions performance when burned in the Jiko Safi?<br>
Is it easy for the users to tell when the seeds are dry
enough?<br>
<br>
...about biofuel;<br>
Part of the idea was to provide electricity or shaft power
to communities or business with a Lister engine on Jatropha
oil. <br>
I remember visiting Carl Bielenberg's workshop where he was
doing the testing. <br>
Any success stories there or is diesel always cheaper
without a carbon consideration?<br>
<br>
Alex<br>
<br>
<br>
On 20/01/2013 9:23 AM, Jonathan Otto wrote:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:SNT137-W37A0FF482C8EF02CD58B9AD6100@phx.gbl">
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<div dir="ltr">Hey Richard,<br>
<br>
Not sure why you feel my briquetting education has been
neglected, since that kind of fuel is not mentioned in any
of my postings; but I certainly subscribe to Dean's
comment: we all have a lot to learn about such alternative
fuels. I would add: and the stoves that burn them in a
truly clean way. Which brings up the question: if a
briquette or pellet is burned in an open charcoal brazier,
do we have a clean energy source? To put in another way,
there are no 'clean' or 'dirty' fuels; it's combination of
fuel and stove that must be evaluated together for
emissions and other performance parameters. <br>
<br>
My densified fuels question to Otto the Senior or anyone
else who can enlighten me concerning the logic
of pelletizing Jatropha presscake. If farmers grow their
own energy-dense, uniform-sized fuel, i.e., whole Jatropha
seed, why complicate matters by processing that
ready-to-use fuel into another fuel? No matter
how efficient the pelletizing process, it must require
time and energy. Why not burn these seeds directly in a
micro gasifier stove, such as our jiko safi? <br>
<br>
Let me try to head off some likely comments. I know that
there are companies in many African and Asian countries
engaged in commercial scale production of Jatropha (and
other biofuel crops) for export of biodeisel. Land
grabbing and other nefarious activities of some of these
players are obscene, as once again the global
north exploits tropical countries for cheap/free land and
cheap labor to meet its own needs. <br>
<br>
Yes, those Jatropha oil export ventures produce presscake
as a by-product which they pelletize and market for fuel.
And yes, some smaller operations in a few countries
like Uganda, are trying to make a go of producing
Jatropha-based biofuels for local and regional energy
markets. But for all the publicity, most of it
appropriately negative, in the 'food vs. fuel'
analysis, there's a lot more to Jatropha than current
attempts to put the oil in European cars and jet engines.<br>
<br>
Far apart from all these recent commercial Jatropha
ventures, many of which are unprofitable for reasons we
can discuss another time if anyone's interested, are many
millions of farmers in over 110 countries who use
Jatropha as a living hedge and for medicianl uses. Seems
it's grown in every frost-free area of the world. I've
found it from Cuba -- it's native to the neo-tropics -- to
Mali, which has thousands of kilometers of hedges, to
Bhutan where villagers were obliged to pay a Jatropha tax
to monks for lighting in floating wick lamps. <br>
<br>
My guess is that over 99% of all Jatropha seed fall to the
ground and rot, unused. (One study in a district of
Tanzania where Jatropha seed is a traded commodity found
that only 6% of seed is harvested.) As we all search for
renewable, sustainably harvested biomass to fuel our
favorite stoves, can we afford to overlook seeds of this
ubiquitous, multi-use species? <br>
<br>
The point of importuning my stove list colleagues on a
fine Sunday morning is to interest other stove makers to
look at Jatropha and other energy-rich seeds as a category
of fuel worth consideration for new stove designs. We are
modestly pleased with the performance of the jiko safi,
but we also know that some of you with far deeper
understanding of gasification and far more experience in
stove design could produce a much better model. Anyone
want to take up this challenge?<br>
<br>
Over to you,<br>
<br>
Jonathan<br>
<br>
<br>
<div>
<hr id="ecxstopSpelling">
From: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:rstanley@legacyfound.org">rstanley@legacyfound.org</a><br>
Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013 20:46:53 -0600<br>
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div>Dear Ottos,</div>
<div>Seems you both need training in briquettemaking .
Jon you know where to go in nchi yeti but Otto, where
are you based? Seriously, the blends you are finding
smelly smokey etc suggests that you get in touch with
any of hundreds of others who can train you. </div>
<div>Richard Stanley</div>
<div>Monte Rico,</div>
<div>Guatemala<br>
<br>
Sent from my iPhone</div>
<div><br>
On Jan 19, 2013, at 18:10, Otto Formo <<a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a>>
wrote:<br>
<br>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div>
<div dir="ltr">Josh and Jonathan (Otto),
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Yes, we are talking about the presscake of
Jatropha and it was processed into pellets
localy in Zambia, quite easily and with "simple"
tools - (no waste of energy)</div>
<div><br>
We had the same experience as your colleagues
using briquettes made out of ricehusks and
sawdust.</div>
<div>They even started to glow like charcoal early
in the gasification process and produced smoky
and smouldery combustion.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Thast why we prefer to use pellets of best
possible quality. </div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I hope you are correct about<span
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> the gasification of
jatropha pellets will destroy the phorbol
esters and other problematic compounds instead
of emitting them.</span></div>
<div><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Iam a bit
worried about the forced draft units, while
they seems to blow some parts of the ash and
gases into the open air or room.</span></div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>May be the char from Jatropha could have a
pestecide effect as well?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Otto<br>
<div>
<hr id="ecxstopSpelling">
Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013 18:23:35 -0500<br>
From: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:yeah.yeah.right.on@gmail.com">yeah.yeah.right.on@gmail.com</a><br>
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
Otto - FYI jatropha presscake (the mealy
material left over once oil has been pressed
out of the seeds) can be directly pelletized
without further processing. It's pretty easy
to pelletize, even with a small, cheaper (e.g.
benchtop) pellet press. The mealy presscake
still contains some of the oil (think coffee
grounds) and it pelletizes well without worry
over moisture content or having to use a
binder.
<div><br>
</div>
<div>The pellets burn in a TLUD similar to
wood or other pellets, at least by visual
observation and temperature recording. I
have colleagues that have tried to make
cooking briquettes with jatropha seedcake
and had a very smoky, smouldery combustion.
I believe there are concerns of some
potentially toxic emissions (phorbol esters,
other compounds?). I have not tested the
emissions from TLUD charring jatropha
pellets, but there was no visible smoke and
the gasifier seemed to operate fine as it
does with other types of pellets. It would
be interesting to know if firing jatropha
pellets in a TLUD destroys the phorbol
esters and other problematic compounds
instead of emitting them.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I first tried to char un-pelletized
jatropha seedcake in the TLUD - because it
is mealy like coffee grounds no draft could
get through and it was a total fail - lots
of smoke poured out! This brought the fire
department to our Colorado backyard during a
fire ban. Whoops.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Also FYI char made from TLUD jatropha
pellets performed similar for herbicide
uptake from simulated natural water as chars
made in the same way from pine pellets,
bagasse pellets, and bamboo pieces.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Josh</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
<br>
<div class="ecxgmail_quote">On Sat, Jan 19,
2013 at 12:29 PM, Jonathan Otto <span
dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:ottojonathan@hotmail.com">ottojonathan@hotmail.com</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote style="BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px
solid; PADDING-LEFT: 1ex"
class="ecxgmail_quote">
<div>
<div dir="ltr">
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
size="3" face="Calibri">Otto,</font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
size="3" face="Calibri">Whole
Jatropha seeds can be picked
from hedges on-farm and used
directly in our jiko safi
gasification stove without any
further effort (except maybe for
some sun drying if
harvested during a damp season)
… the most decentralized,
efficient sustainable fuel
system I can imagine.</font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
size="3" face="Calibri">Sure,
urban jiko safi users will need
to buy their fuel seeds, so a
commercial system for transport
and retail sale of seed will be
needed eventually, likely
mimicking some aspects of the
charcoal trade. But it’s just
whole, unprocessed seed.</font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
size="3" face="Calibri">Concerning
pelletized Jatropha fuel, I
would like to understand the
advantages you find in going
through the costs and effort
(including energy losses) of
processing seeds to expel the
oil, then probably milling the
press cake and shells (?) to
uniform size/texture, then
extruding or otherwise forming
the mixture into pellets, and
finally distribute the fuel,
some of which will go back to
the same farmers that grew the
Jatropha seed in the first
place?</font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><font
size="3"><font face="Calibri">I
know there are technical
advantages to gasification of
uniform-sized pellets, but it
seems to me that round or
ovoid shaped seeds like
Jatropha, castor (I know, more
poisons!), shea or <span>croton
megalocarpus provide this
same advantage, without
going through the
pelletization process.<span>
</span>What am I missing?</span></font></font></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span></span> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span><font
size="3" face="Calibri">Otto,
the minor</font></span></p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span></span> </p>
<p class="ecxMsoNormal"><span><font
size="3" face="Calibri">P.S.
It's too late for me to retire
'on time'</font></span></p>
<div>
<div class="ecxim">
<hr>
From: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a><br>
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
</div>
Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013 17:23:37
+0100
<div>
<div class="h5"><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] Jatropha
fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div dir="ltr">Jonathan,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We have got some
samples of pelletized
jatropha shells and seeds
from Zambia, after the oil
has been extracted and we
feel that is the way
forward.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We will update you on
the progress, so you will
be albe to retire "on
time".................:)<br>
We are not so worried
about PM in natural draft
gasifiers, but thanks for
the concern.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Otto........................<br>
<div>
<hr>
From: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:ottojonathan@hotmail.com">ottojonathan@hotmail.com</a><br>
To: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2013
09:03:35 -0500<br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves]
Jatropha fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div dir="ltr">Otto-<br>
<br>
You 'would guess'
wrong. <br>
<br>
'We should be very
careful advising
people' about such
unsupported
conclusions.<br>
<br>
The challenges of
gasifying oils found
in seeds, notably the
oils of Jatropha seed,
in a cookstove are far
different from working
with most pellets
formulations. <br>
<br>
I keenly look forward
to news of your
all-fuel stoves that
will handle J
seeds, and the results
of your tests. I
sincerely hope
you develop this soon,
so I can finally
retire in peace.<br>
<br>
Oh, and when you do
tests, please include
particulates in your
emissions testing, so
we can finally end all
this hand wringing
about 'these types of
fuel'.<br>
<br>
>From the cheeky
other Otto,<br>
<br>
Jonathan <br>
<div>
<hr>
From: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:terra-matricula@hotmail.com">terra-matricula@hotmail.com</a><br>
To: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Date: Fri, 18 Jan
2013 23:23:48 +0100<br>
Subject: Re:
[Stoves] Jatropha
fruit as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div dir="ltr">Dear
stovers,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I would guess
that "any"
gasifier will
burn jatropha
seeds or pellets
cleanly and
efficient, as
long as the
moisture content
are less than
10%.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We have in
the pipeline to
test a new
design of
natural draft
gasifiers, using
jatropha seeds
and pellets, for
emmissions and
toxcic fumes.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>We should be
very carefull
adviceing people
using these
types of fuel,
before it has
been carefully
tested by
independent
institutions.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Have a nice
weekend.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Otto (not the
famous
one..........:)<br>
<br>
<div>
<hr>
From: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com">crispinpigott@gmail.com</a><br>
To: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
Date: Fri, 18
Jan 2013
10:19:11 -0500<br>
Subject: Re:
[Stoves]
Jatropha fruit
as fuel?<br>
<br>
<div><span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt">Dear
Jonathan</span><br>
<span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt"> </span><br>
<span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt">I am
interested in
the general
layout and
dimensions of
a stove that
will burn the
seeds well.
Are you
sharing at
this time
anything
regarding the
design?</span><br>
<span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt"> </span><br>
<span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt">Thanks<br>
Crispin</span><br>
<div>
<div
style="BORDER-BOTTOM:
medium none;
BORDER-LEFT:
medium none;
PADDING-BOTTOM:
0mm;
PADDING-LEFT:
0mm;
PADDING-RIGHT:
0mm;
BORDER-TOP:
#b5c4df 1pt
solid;
BORDER-RIGHT:
medium none;
PADDING-TOP:
3pt"><span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Calibri','sans-serif';
COLOR:
#1f497d;
FONT-SIZE:
11pt">++++++++</span><span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
FONT-SIZE:
10pt"
lang="EN-US"></span><br>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<div><span
style="FONT-FAMILY:
'Tahoma','sans-serif';
FONT-SIZE:
10pt">Dear
Joyce and
stovers all,<br>
<br>
My regrets for
not responding
to this
request 6
months ago.
I admit that
it got lost in
my messy inbox
which I have
now reduced
from 6000
messages to a
mere 2400, and
in the process
uncovered Joyce's
email.<br>
<br>
Burning
Jatropha seeds
whole or in
briquettes in
open cooking
arrangements
is a bad
idea. It
produces a
smoky, smelly
fire and
probably
exposes cooks
to toxic
emissions. I
even question
burning
Jatropha oil
in lamps in
enclosed areas
for the same
reason. Maybe
others know of
emissions
studies.<br>
<span
style="COLOR:
#1f497d">[snip]</span></span><br>
</div>
</div>
<br>
_______________________________________________
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_______________________________________________
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for more Biomass
Cooking Stoves, News
and Information see
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</div>
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_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list to
Send a Message to the
list, use the email
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your List Settings use
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for more Biomass Cooking
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site: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
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</div>
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<br>
_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list to Send a
Message to the list, use the
email address <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your
List Settings use the web page
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target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking
Stoves, News and Information
see our web site: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
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target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
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</div>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
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<br>
to Send a Message to the list, use the
email address<br>
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href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List
Settings use the web page<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>
<br>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News
and Information see our web site:<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a><br>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
<br clear="all">
<div><br>
</div>
-- <br>
Josh Kearns<br>
PhD Candidate, Environmental Engineering<br>
University of Colorado-Boulder
<div>Visiting Researcher, North Carolina
State University</div>
<div><br>
<div>Director of Science</div>
<div>Aqueous Solutions </div>
<div><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.aqsolutions.org/"
target="_blank">www.aqsolutions.org</a></div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Mobile: <span
class="ecxskype_pnh_print_container_1358639000">720
989 3959</span><span dir="ltr"
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_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list to Send a Message to the
list, use the email address <a
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href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
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use the web page <a moz-do-not-send="true"
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target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and
Information see our web site: <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
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target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<div><span>_______________________________________________</span><br>
<span>Stoves mailing list</span><br>
<span></span><br>
<span>to Send a Message to the list, use the email
address</span><br>
<span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a></span><br>
<span></span><br>
<span>to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings
use the web page</span><br>
<span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a></span><br>
<span></span><br>
<span>for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and
Information see our web site:</span><br>
<span><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/"
target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></span><br>
<span></span><br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
_______________________________________________ Stoves
mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the
email address <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated"
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web
page <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org"
target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information
see our web site: <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="ecxmimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<br>
<pre>_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org" target="_blank">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:
<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="ecxmoz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/" target="_blank">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________ Stoves mailing
list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your
List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our
web site: <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a></div>
</div>
<br>
<fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
<br>
<pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
Stoves mailing list
to Send a Message to the list, use the email address
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a>
for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bioenergylists.org/">http://www.bioenergylists.org/</a>
</pre>
</blockquote>
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