Crispin (or others) can you clarify this a little more - do the Glaser-Steiner wood gasifier and BBQ charcoals test high for PAHs because of post-manufacture additives? With BBQ charcoal, that could be lighter fluid, which could be naptha (-lene)?<div>
<br></div><div>Also, they reference an EPA method for PAH determination. Would that involve some kind of solvent extraction? If so is it an environmentally relevant analytical method? I assume folks have seen this paper:</div>
<div><br></div><div><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22321025">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22321025</a></div><div><br></div><div>suggesting leaching of PAHs and dioxins from biochars should not constitute an environmental problem.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Thoughts?</div><div><br></div><div>JK</div><div><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Feb 6, 2013 at 2:35 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div lang="EN-CA" link="blue" vlink="purple"><div><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Dear Tom<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Thanks for that:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><a href="http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">“</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">A further criterion for the quality of biochar is the lack of contamination with both inorganic<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">(e.g. heavy metals) and organic contaminants (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">dioxins etc.). In this study, we could only evaluate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH,<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Fig. 4). Although chars from wood gasification are within the elemental composition and the<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">black carbon thresholds, they exhibit extremely high PAH contents (Fig. 4). Therefore, they<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";background:aqua">are not suited for soil amendment</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""> and thus, they cannot be classified as biochar. Surprisingly<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">high PAH contents were also measured in the barbeque charcoals (Fig. 4) while all other<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">investigated chars had low PAH contents (Fig. 4).”<u></u><u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none">
<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Well, there’s a kick in the head. Why not? Because of chemicals manufactured in the process that were not there in the original fuel. That may explain a lot to some experimenters.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d"><u></u> <u></u></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Regards<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><u></u><u></u></font></span></span></p>
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1f497d">Crispin<u></u><u></u></span></p></font></span></div></div>
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<br></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br>Josh Kearns<br>PhD Candidate, Environmental Engineering<br>University of Colorado-Boulder<div>Visiting Researcher, North Carolina State University</div><div>
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