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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Tom,<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf">http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf</a><br>
shows a separate, data set, for Pyreg char. All at 550C all near
zero PAH.<br>
Seems odd to label the bad numbers with such a loaded alias,.....
unless.....<br>
<br>
Alex<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
On 09/02/2013 8:29 PM, Tom Miles wrote:<br>
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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Alex,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
haven’t seen any complete TLUD char analyses. The Glaser
groups seems to be making their gasification char in the
Pyreg gasifier.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Tom
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
name="_MailEndCompose"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></a></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">
Stoves [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Alex English<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, February 09, 2013 4:41 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Characteristics of biochar
was Re: [biochar] grassifier & cedar chip char<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crispin, Tom,<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithaka-journal.net/certificate/european-biochar-certificate-v4.2-final2012.pdf">http://www.ithaka-journal.net/certificate/european-biochar-certificate-v4.2-final2012.pdf</a><br>
This document includes a lengthier discussion of PAHs in
char, including how some chars are used to bind them in
soils, and that current methods for testing are problematic.<br>
<br>
We have test results from chars that could be called ' wood
gasification' char at levels below the 4mg/kg limit for
'premium biochar'.<br>
<br>
The high PAH levels >1000mg/kg in wood gasification chars
mentioned below needs a further explanation of the
production method. Wood gasification is to vague.<br>
<br>
Are there any PAH tests results for TLUD rice hull chars?<br>
<br>
Alex<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
On 06/02/2013 2:35 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
Tom</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Thanks
for that:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf">http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">“</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">A
further criterion for the quality of biochar is the lack
of contamination with both inorganic</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">(e.g.
heavy metals) and organic contaminants (e.g. polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">dioxins
etc.). In this study, we could only evaluate polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Fig.
4). Although chars from wood gasification are within the
elemental composition and the</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">black
carbon thresholds, they exhibit extremely high PAH
contents (Fig. 4). Therefore, they</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";background:aqua;mso-highlight:aqua">are
not suited for soil amendment</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">
and thus, they cannot be classified as biochar.
Surprisingly</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">high
PAH contents were also measured in the barbeque charcoals
(Fig. 4) while all other</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">investigated
chars had low PAH contents (Fig. 4).”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Well,
there’s a kick in the head. Why not? Because of chemicals
manufactured in the process that were not there in the
original fuel. That may explain a lot to some
experimenters.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Crispin</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
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