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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Tom and all, (I added Biochar
listserv because it is as much or more their topic than it is for
Stoves.)<br>
<br>
On 2/9/2013 7:29 PM, Tom Miles wrote:<br>
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<div class="WordSection1">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Alex,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I
haven’t seen any complete TLUD char analyses. The Glaser
groups seems to be making their gasification char in the
Pyreg gasifier.</span></p>
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</blockquote>
<br>
Do we have a list of what would be "complete TLUD char
analyses"??? This would probably be an un-ending list for some
people.<br>
<br>
Please see the analyses of TLUD chars in the "All Biochars Are Not
Created Equal" paper of 2009 by McLaughlin et al.<br>
<br>
And when the list gets defined. how long do we need to do the tests
that are rather conclusively shown to be non-issues?<br>
<br>
And want does the International Biochar Initiative and the various
national and regional organizations think about the testing? Are
they even reading these Listservs? Leadership that does not
participate is not leadership.<br>
<br>
Personally, I agree with Mark. Biochar is Organic. and let's get
on with the real work.<br>
<br>
Paul<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:001201ce072e$0a7f2d80$1f7d8880$@trmiles.com"
type="cite">
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">Paul S. Anderson, PhD aka "Dr TLUD"
Email: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a></pre>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
name="_MailEndCompose"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></a></p>
<div>
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1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowtext">
Stoves [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Alex English<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Saturday, February 09, 2013 4:41 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Characteristics of biochar
was Re: [biochar] grassifier & cedar chip char<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Crispin, Tom,<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.ithaka-journal.net/certificate/european-biochar-certificate-v4.2-final2012.pdf">http://www.ithaka-journal.net/certificate/european-biochar-certificate-v4.2-final2012.pdf</a><br>
This document includes a lengthier discussion of PAHs in
char, including how some chars are used to bind them in
soils, and that current methods for testing are problematic.<br>
<br>
We have test results from chars that could be called ' wood
gasification' char at levels below the 4mg/kg limit for
'premium biochar'.<br>
<br>
The high PAH levels >1000mg/kg in wood gasification chars
mentioned below needs a further explanation of the
production method. Wood gasification is to vague.<br>
<br>
Are there any PAH tests results for TLUD rice hull chars?<br>
<br>
Alex<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
On 06/02/2013 2:35 PM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear
Tom</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Thanks
for that:</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf">http://www.bacatec.de/dl/Ge09_Glaser-Steiner_engl.pdf</a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">“</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">A
further criterion for the quality of biochar is the lack
of contamination with both inorganic</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">(e.g.
heavy metals) and organic contaminants (e.g. polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">dioxins
etc.). In this study, we could only evaluate polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH,</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">Fig.
4). Although chars from wood gasification are within the
elemental composition and the</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">black
carbon thresholds, they exhibit extremely high PAH
contents (Fig. 4). Therefore, they</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif";background:aqua;mso-highlight:aqua">are
not suited for soil amendment</span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">
and thus, they cannot be classified as biochar.
Surprisingly</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">high
PAH contents were also measured in the barbeque charcoals
(Fig. 4) while all other</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif"">investigated
chars had low PAH contents (Fig. 4).”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-autospace:none"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Helvetica","sans-serif""> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Well,
there’s a kick in the head. Why not? Because of chemicals
manufactured in the process that were not there in the
original fuel. That may explain a lot to some
experimenters.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Regards</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Crispin</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
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<pre>for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site:<o:p></o:p></pre>
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