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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Paul,<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>If you quench the charcoal produced by a TLUD in water, urine?, storage is very safe. This is one reason I almost always quench in water. No fires. No burns. No surprises. But be aware of the moment of live steam that this produces and be sure to use offset pliers to hold the fuel chamber when dumping the hot charcoal into the quenching liquid!<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>By the way, I also recommend that stovers try using a gap between the fuel container and the draft unit as a way to introduce secondary air. Easy to adjust the gap for optimal mixing of secondary air with the syngas. As Hugh said, "holes have too many edges". <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>I also recommend trying deflectors above the secondary air slot. They appear to give cleaner combustion via increased turbulence in the combustion zone. I find concentrator rings do not work as well. For deflectors, I use three washers with a total area of about 50% of the aperture of the fuel chamber below. <o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><img width=240 height=274 id="_x0038_0502161-7E83-4E84-AD2F-DDF78E1C7FDF" src="cid:80502161-7E83-4E84-AD2F-DDF78E1C7FDF" alt=image.jpeg><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><img width=213 height=320 id="_x0038_51C6E8D-37A2-4430-BDB9-490F9880CD6D" src="cid:851C6E8D-37A2-4430-BDB9-490F9880CD6D" alt=image.jpeg><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>This approach scales.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>As for boiling water, I use the Swiss Army approach as shown in their Volcano Stove: put the container of water to be boiled into the stack so heat is delivered to the bottom and sides. A pot on top of the fire only heats the bottom and allows for substantial heat loss from the sides, ESP. If there is any breeze. You do have to allow sufficient space around the pot for the combustion gases to escape else the fire will die.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Lastly, a syngas flame tuned for clean combustion will be cooler than one tuned for max heat output. A clean syngas fire will deposit very little black carbon on the pot as there is very little unburned carbon monoxide in the flue gases. Soot on the bottom of the pot is created by the wasted carbon monoxide and is a good indicator of the efficiency of the combustion.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Regards,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Jock<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Jock Gill<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Marketing & Communications<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Whitfield Biochar, LLC<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Burlington, WA<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://www.whitfieldbiochar.com">www.whitfieldbiochar.com</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Cell: (617) 449-8111<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>Sent from my iPad<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>On Feb 23, 2013, at 10:42 AM, Paul Anderson <<a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal><span style='display:none'> </span> <o:p></o:p></p><div id=ygrp-mlmsg><div id=ygrp-msg><div id=ygrp-text><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Dear Stovers AND to all who make biochar or TLUDs with char-saving.<br><br>The two messages below are very important. And they lead to asking this question:<br><br>When the quantities of char production are small, such as from a domestic-size TLUD stove, or from a biochar barrel (as with RE:Char), does this danger of spontaneous combustion pose a threat to households, etc?<br><br>Because Frank's experience was with a small sample of char, I suspect that the danger to households could be very real!!! <br><br>Therefore, what are the correct and incorrect ways of dealing with TLUD chars that are being saved and stored?<br><br>It is interesting that no stories of spontaneous combustion in stored cookstove TLUD chars have reached us. How big is this danger?<br><br>Paul<o:p></o:p></p><pre>Paul S. Anderson, PhD aka "Dr TLUD"<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Email: <a href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</a> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Website: <a href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</a><o:p></o:p></pre><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div></body></html>