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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Dear Otto,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>In the little example below I was using actual Carbon values determined in a lab for the calculations. So to me it doesn’t matter to the moisture, if something went wrong or the ash content because all I am following is the Carbon. When calculated back to the tree (or dung, grasses, etc) we need to know the carbon in percent of as-Received material (wet weight) to calculate the mass of biomass or footprint needed for each task.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> When a tree is cut and used it all gets used no matter what. We just need to determine where it is used and what it did. During its use, I’m thinking, in each BOX there can be an improvement and that improvement just moves more carbon down the line to be used somewhere else. If a decision is made to flame off into the air for no purpose (task) the Carbon / Task ratio looks very bad using BOX 1 and BOX 6. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Something like that. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Thanks for reading and comment. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Regarding<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Frank<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Stoves [mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Otto Formo<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, April 24, 2013 1:54 PM<br><b>To:</b> Stoves Bioenergylist<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Stoves] Suggested calculations<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Dear Frank,<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>According to lab tests done by FAO in Nairobi in 1986?, they got 250 kg of char out of one tonne of <b>very </b>dry wood, 25%.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>How much C (carbon) is it in charcoal - 95%? and 5% ash?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Estimates done from traditional kilns, gives charcoal yields around 150 kg, out of one tonne of wood, moisture content unknown, but normaly and most likely sundried.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>One out of five kilns goes "wrong" and gives no char (burn out) or char of poor or low quality. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>This issues has to be taken into consideration as well when you compare woodchips and charcoal in rural Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Thanks for higlighting this for us.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Otto<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center id=stopSpelling></span></div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>From: <a href="mailto:frank@compostlab.com">frank@compostlab.com</a><br>To: <a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a><br>Date: Wed, 24 Apr 2013 13:08:55 -0700<br>Subject: [Stoves] Suggested calculations<o:p></o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Dear Stovers, <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>When looking at the total picture of trees (fuel) per end use I suggest two different possible approaches. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>ONE<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>The tree chips have 40% carbon and we use a total of 100 kg of chips in a TLUD stove. We start with 40 kg of carbon. We boil water then steam rice and have left 30 kg of carbon in the char left so using 10 kg of carbon ( 25 kg of tree) in the process.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>The 30 kg carbon left is char chips and we use that for heating food as a street vender. At the end of the day we take home 10 kg carbon to add to our soil. So 20 kg carbon (50 kg tree) used for heating and 10 kg carbon (25 kg tree) for the soil. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>We start with 100 kg tree.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>25 kg tree used for boiling water<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>50 kg tree for heating street food<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>25 kg tree for garden. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> = 100 % total tree<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>We do not follow energy but follow the fuel (in this case the tree). <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>TWO<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Same problem:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>To boil the water it took 100 kg of tree<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>To get the 20 kg of char for the street vender we would need to have 50 kg tree to make the char to do that job. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>To get the 10 kg char to add to the soil we would need 25 kg of tree to make the char for that garden. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>That’s a sum of (100+50+25)= 175 kg of tree. But we only used 100 by combining the processes so we have saved 75 kg of tree (or 43% of the forest) by combining uses. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>I think I like the second method better to illustrate the savings when piggy backing the uses of fuel but still thinking about it. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Thanks<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>Frank<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Thanks </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Frank Shields</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>BioChar Division</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Control Laboratories, Inc. </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>42 Hangar Way</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Watsonville, CE 95076</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>(831) 724-5422 tel</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>(81) 724-3188 fax</span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><a href="mailto:frank@biocharlab.com">frank@biocharlab.com</a></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><a href="http://www.controllabs.com">www.controllabs.com</a></span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'> </span><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><br>_______________________________________________ Stoves mailing list to Send a Message to the list, use the email address <a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a> to UNSUBSCRIBE or Change your List Settings use the web page <a href="http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org">http://lists.bioenergylists.org/mailman/listinfo/stoves_lists.bioenergylists.org</a> for more Biomass Cooking Stoves, News and Information see our web site: <a href="http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/">http://stoves.bioenergylists.org/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></div></body></html>