Dear Andrew and Crispin:<div><br></div><div>Andrew thanks for sharing. Here is an IMF report that might be of interest on fuel subsidies:</div><div><a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2010/wp10202.pdf">http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2010/wp10202.pdf</a></div>
<div><br></div><div>I have also read about smuggling of cylinders across borders (even when no subsidy is present).</div><div><br></div><div>I have read that some countries with fuel subsidies are trying to re-target the subsidies to the families that need it. Here is an example in El Salvador:</div>
<div><a href="http://www.pro-savings.org/en/projects/prosavings-el-salvador-fedecredito">http://www.pro-savings.org/en/projects/prosavings-el-salvador-fedecredito</a></div><div><br></div><div>Crispin:</div><div><br></div>
<div>We came across this issue in our survey design in Guatemala of which we surveyed 300 households. We used almost 10 of our 50 questions to try and capture that data. We looked at:</div><div><br></div><div>1. Primary Fuel</div>
<div>2. Secondary Fuel</div><div>3. Percentage used of each fuel (this was a bad question)</div><div>4. How are the fuels used differently</div><div>5. How much money do you spend on each fuel per week (LPG & wood...question only for households purchasing wood or LPG)</div>
<div>6. How long does a 25lb tank of LPG last</div><div>7. How much wood is purchased or collected per week, and if you purchase wood how much to you pay for the quantity you purchase.</div><div><br></div><div>Some of the questions we asked will have to be changed for further surveys in order to collect better data. This is an important topic to discuss when completing survey design so that data can be accurately collected.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div><br></div><div>Christina</div><div><br></div><div><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, May 9, 2013 at 10:53 AM, Crispin Pemberton-Pigott <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com" target="_blank">crispinpigott@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Dear Andrew<br>
<br>
The same situation exists in several countries. Senegal has exactly the same problems you describe below.<br>
<br>
One problem with subsidies is that parliament will allocate a certain budget for subsidising a certain total fuel volume. After some time the total sold exceeds the anticipated total and there is a shortfall in the subsidy. This can happen with the whole petroleum sector or just for LPG.<br>
<br>
The inevitable consequences are that people retrn to more traditional fuels.<br>
<br>
An important finding in the Indonesian surveys conducted recently (more to come) is that many homes that answered 'LPG' to the question as to what their primary cooking fuel is, have been using wood for water heating - often using more total energy in biomass than LPG. The shift back to wood is rapid. It is used for a greater range of tasks than before. The shift is not easy to notice because they continue to use LPG.<br>
<br>
This is instructive for survey designers. We need to know what the range of fuels is, how many MJ of each is used per month and what it is used for. The differentiated cost is also important.<br>
<br>
Thanks<br>
Crispin<br>
>From BB9900<br>
<div class="im"><br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: "Andrew C. Parker" <<a href="mailto:acparker@xmission.com">acparker@xmission.com</a>><br>
Sender: "Stoves" <<a href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>
Date: Thu, 09 May 2013 11:16:37<br>
To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<<a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>
Reply-To: Discussion of biomass cooking stoves<br>
<<a href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org</a>><br>
Subject: Re: [Stoves] the price of bottled gas<br>
<br>
</div><div><div class="h5">I thought these developments in Ecuador might be of interest to the list.<br>
It highlights the difficulties of maintaining subsidies on bottled gas.<br>
For the Spanish deficient, the articles discuss the scarcity of subsidized<br>
gas in certain provinces of Ecuador that is forcing some to cook with wood<br>
to feed their families. Reasons for the scarcities are usually black<br>
market reselling of gas to unauthorized users, such as restaurants, taxis,<br>
cars, buses, etc., smuggling of gas to Colombia, and production<br>
shortages. (Ironically, Ecuador, a member of OPEC, is often forced to<br>
purchase LPG from Colombia at market rates to meet demand for subsidized<br>
bottled gas)<br>
<br>
<<a href="http://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/2013/05/08/nota/910461/imbabura-obligados-cocinar-lena-debido-escasez-gas" target="_blank">http://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/2013/05/08/nota/910461/imbabura-obligados-cocinar-lena-debido-escasez-gas</a>><br>
<<a href="http://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/2013/05/08/nota/910451/venta-cilindros-es-irregular-rios-esmeraldas" target="_blank">http://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/2013/05/08/nota/910451/venta-cilindros-es-irregular-rios-esmeraldas</a>><br>
<br>
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</div></div></blockquote></div><br><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br>Christina Espinosa<br>University of the Pacific '10<br>School of International Studies<br><a href="mailto:c_espinosa1@u.pacific.edu" target="_blank">c_espinosa1@u.pacific.edu</a><br>
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