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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-CA link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Dear Josh and All<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>Jeremy sez…<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>I didn't bother to read the big reports but a scan through them shows me that the claim is misleading in that article but not incorrect about the iPhone and doesn't just apply to the iPhone but all phones which use data (which includes any device that accesses data over the internet).<br><br>The actual report referenced says:<br><br><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>"Reduced to personal terms, although <u>charging up a single tablet or smart phone requires a negligible amount of electricity</u>, using either to watch an hour of video weekly <u>consumes annually more electricity in the remote networks than two new refrigerators use in a year</u>. And as the world continues to electrify, migrating towards one refrigerator per household, it also evolves towards several smartphones and equivalent per person."<br><br>Footnote: "New refrigerator 350 kWh per EPA Energy Star; ~700 kWh/yr weekly streaming HD from [network operations] + [network embodied energy] + [tablet embodied energy]; note, ignores data centers & end use tablet charging: ~ 300 kWh/yr wireless network operations from HD video 2.8GB/hr per Netflix, network energy ~2kWh/GB. Note energy use varies w location (type/age equipment), system utilization (see Auer et al, “How Much Energy is Needed to Run a Wireless Network?” June 2012). Network energy ranges from19 kWh/GB The Mobile Economy, 2013, AT Kearney, to ~2kWh/GB per CEET, The Power of Wireless Cloud, April 2013. Annualized embodied/manufacturing energy to produce tablet (details in this report) ~100 kWh/yr per tablet, and cell network operating energy equals annualized embodied energy of network equipment used for 5 years. Refrigerator embodied energy adds 5 - 10% to lifecycle energy use of refrigerator.<br></span></i><br>Basically the report is saying that the smartphone doesn't use much electricity for charging but the infrastructure it is using consumes more electricity (see note on use of the word electricity) than 2 new refrigerators in your house, top of page 15 and 39 in the report explains why. Of course this only applies to people using the network, otherwise that claim is false. This report is correct because new technology always adds a drain when connected to the traditional electric infrastructure just like the time before refrigerators and when refrigerators where added to households.<br><br>The DVD one is explained in that report's reference and the article's claim is false as the report refers to the carbon footprint being larger and not the electricity consumption which is much smaller, both are mentioned in the report and I think summarized nicely in the abstract of that same report.<br><br><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Shipping to Streaming: Is this shift green? Abstract: "Streaming movies over the Internet has become increasingly popular in recent years as an alternative to mailing DVDs to a customer. In this paper we investigate the environmental- and energy-related impacts of these two methods of movie content delivery. We compare the total energy consumed and the carbon footprint impact of these two delivery methods and find that the <u>non-energy optimized streaming of a movie through the Internet consumes approximately 78% of the energy needed to ship a movie, but has a carbon footprint that is approximately 100% higher. However, by taking advantage of recently proposed “greening of IT” techniques in the research literature for the serving and transmission of the movie, we find that the energy consumption and carbon footprint of streaming can be reduced to approximately 30% and 65% respectively of that of shipping</u>. We also consider how this tradeoff may change in the future."</span></i><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'>Regards,<br><br>Jeremy<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-US'>++++++++</span><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Interesting short article about the energy footprint of information communications technologies:<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><a href="http://grist.org/news/your-iphone-uses-more-electricity-than-your-fridge/">http://grist.org/news/your-iphone-uses-more-electricity-than-your-fridge/</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>some highlights:<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>"The average iPhone requires more power per year than the average refrigerator..."<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>"...it takes more electricity to stream a high-definition movie over a wireless network than it would have taken to manufacture and ship a DVD of that same movie."<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></body></html>