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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=paaw@online.no
href="mailto:paaw@online.no">Paal Wendelbo</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Sunday, August 25, 2013 9:24 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=psanders@ilstu.edu
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">Paul Anderson</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: Grass Gasification</DIV></DIV></DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Dear Paul A</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">It is more than 20 years ago I first
made this tests with grass as fuel in a refugee camp in Malawi. Some refugees
cleared a land and piled it up and put fire on it. A lot of smoke arise for
hours around the whole area. I took 2kg grass and weeds of different types, made
a Peko Pe from a 2o liters tin, stamped it round a 50mm stick in the middle and
was boiling 3 liter of water for more than an hour without any smoke. All my
notes from that time were lost so I can’t go into details. By I have tried it
several times and it works later and it works. </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Grass and weeds can be stamped into a
TLUD-ND with a draft hole in the middle. Straw, reeds and papyrus has to be cut
in length of the combustion chamber and placed vertical and loose. The especial
with grass and straw is it doesn’t collapse when flame is ended, and the pot
comes close the glowing mass with high enough temperature for still cooking. The
time of flame and glowing is almost the same. The diameter of the stoves 160 mm
for straw and 180 mm for grass.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">I remember we used straw for melting
aluminum for making pots and did some small scale blacksmithing with papyrus. A
10mm iron bar was yellow/white after few minutes into the
glowing.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">I still have some pictures and d notes
from North of Uganda, but not electronic, but they can be copied if some are
interested. At that time there was very little attention to that type of work,
mostly due to the charcoal business.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">With regards Paal W </FONT></SPAN></P>
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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=psanders@ilstu.edu
href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">Paul Anderson</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Saturday, August 24, 2013 8:23 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=paaw@online.no href="mailto:paaw@online.no">Paal
Wendelbo</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Cc:</B> ; <A title=stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">Discussion of biomass cooking
stoves</A> ; <A title=psanders@ilstu.edu href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">Doc
Anderson</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Re: Grass Gasification</DIV></DIV></DIV>
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<DIV class=moz-cite-prefix>Stovers,<BR><BR>I am forwarding a message from Paal
Wendelbo this is quite informative about pyrolysis of grass fuel in his Peko
Pe. It should apply to all true TLUD stoves with full diameter
access to the fuel chamber.<BR><BR>I now ask Paal: Please discuss
the "grasses". There are so many types. Do your comments
/ experiences relate to certain types (such as those with nice stiff stems,
which species??) more than to other types of wavy / leafy
grasses?<BR><BR>Also, the diameter of you stove is important to get 1/2 kg in a
bundle that is 20 cm tall. Did you have stoves with different
diameters?<BR><BR>Very important info you gave about difficulties when the
grasses are simply packed in (not in bundles of vertical stems).<BR><BR>Paul<BR><PRE class=moz-signature cols="72">Paul S. Anderson, PhD aka "Dr TLUD"
Email: <A class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated href="mailto:psanders@ilstu.edu">psanders@ilstu.edu</A> Skype: paultlud Phone: +1-309-452-7072
Website: <A class=moz-txt-link-abbreviated href="http://www.drtlud.com">www.drtlud.com</A></PRE>On
8/23/2013 3:09 AM, Paal Wendelbo wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE cite=mid:5A6A203598D24A9AA7B4DE149ED82124@PaalPC type="cite">
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Dear </FONT><EM><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Janitha Bandara</FONT></SPAN></EM><EM><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic"></SPAN></EM></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Thanks for mail. I can’t say I have done any
</FONT><FONT style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">gasification researches for grasses<SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">,
but In have done a lot of practical use of straw ( hyperrenia rufa) as fuel
for household cooking in Uganda in 1995, with the Peko Pe TLUIFD-ND stove. We
found the best way to utilize the straw was to cut it to the height of the
stove, 200 mm, made it into bundles of ½ a kg and put it into the stove. The
bundles was burning nicely without smoke for about 20 minutes on the flame and
another 20 minutes on the glowing since the glowing straw did not collapse
like other types of fuel</SPAN></FONT><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">. </FONT></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">You have a nice clean flame on the generator, probably
a bit too high, depend what kind of use</FONT><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><EM> </EM>it is designed for. I should like to know
more about the aim of the construction. Is it to produce gas or to produce
energy for something else?</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Regarding I insulation, be aware of higher temperature
will strain the metal in the combustion chamber, air could be better with
double function, cool down the temperature <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>on the metal and the same time preheat
secondary air.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 13pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: ; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-font-style: italic"><FONT
style="FONT-SIZE: 11pt">If you stamp grass into the generatorto prolong the
process, there will be a problem of air going through, a 50 mm vertical
channel in the middle will solve the problem.</FONT></SPAN></P>
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<DIV><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>With regards Paal W. <A
href="mailto:paaw@online.no"
moz-do-not-send="true">paaw@online.no</A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=janithjc@gmail.com
href="mailto:janithjc@gmail.com" moz-do-not-send="true">janitha chandimal</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, August 21, 2013 11:32 AM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=paaw@online.no href="mailto:paaw@online.no"
moz-do-not-send="true">paaw@online.no</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> Grass Gasification</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV></DIV>
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<DIV dir=ltr>Dear sir, Pall Wendelbo,
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>I m writing this according to the information got from Paul Anderson,
Golden, Colorado and He said that you had done gasification researches for
grasses. Me too is doing my masters research on gasification of guinea grass
(Panicum maximum) and I have got some fine results. It is a small scale system
having 700 mm height and 200 mm in diameter. But the main problem involved is
the quick exhaustion of feed stock and the compaction of grass. I have here by
attached my drawing and few pics of the flame. looking forward to hear from
you soon. Thank you. </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV>Best regards <BR clear=all>
<DIV> </DIV>-- <BR>
<DIV><STRONG><FONT color=#009900><EM>Janitha
Bandara</EM></FONT></STRONG></DIV>
<DIV><EM><FONT color=#009900>PG Student, Dept. of Chemical & Process
Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka</FONT></EM></DIV>
<DIV><EM><FONT color=#009900>0094713058696</FONT></EM></DIV>
<DIV><EM></EM> </DIV>
<DIV><EM><STRONG><FONT color=#cc0000>Take Hands in Reducing Consumption,
Saving Resources & Protecting
Environment</FONT></STRONG></EM></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>