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class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face=Calibri>I see they are
using a wire charcoal grate, and you need to remove pot to add
fuel.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
/><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
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class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><FONT face=Calibri>The riser
section that holds the pot, restricts the “radiant view”, and it is not
recommended to use the stove in the rain. <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=english@kingston.net href="mailto:english@kingston.net">Alex
English</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org
href="mailto:stoves@lists.bioenergylists.org">Discussion of biomass cooking
stoves</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, September 18, 2013 9:55
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Stoves] Charcoal stove
design</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=moz-cite-prefix>AT ETHOS a few years back (2010 I think), Bryan
Wilson gave an excellent presentation on an improved combustion charcoal
stove. The ETHOS website doesn't seem to have a link for it. <BR>I believe
this is the the one,<BR><A
href="http://www.envirofit.org/products/?sub=cookstoves&pid=12">http://www.envirofit.org/products/?sub=cookstoves&pid=12</A><BR><BR>Alex<BR><BR><BR><BR>On
18/09/2013 5:37 AM, Saastamoinen Jaakko wrote:<BR></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
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<DIV class=WordSection1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Dear
Frank and Crispin,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>the main DIRECT product in the reaction of carbon with oxygen is
CO but also some CO2 is directly formed. CO that is formed can be oxidized
to CO2 (CO+˝O2=CO2) at high enough temperatures in the vicinity of carbon
particle or in later stage in the gas flow. So there are different zones
along the gas flow in carbon particle layer when air (or gas) is flowing
upwards through it: <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 54pt; mso-list: l0
level1 lfo1" class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if
!supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">I)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>Zone where exothermic reaction C+˝O2=CO takes place (but some CO2
is also formed). Here the gas temperature is rather low because it is close
to the inlet and the gas has not heated up enough. So CO is not burning
well. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 54pt; mso-list: l0
level1 lfo1" class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if
!supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">II)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>Zone where the gas temperature becomes high enough so that also
the exothermic reaction CO+˝O2 =CO2 (enhanced by H2O) takes place in the
gas. This leads to even higher local temperature along the gas flow so that
exothermic reactions (C+˝O2=CO and CO+˝O2=CO2) take place at even higher
rate. Here also the endothermic reaction CO2+C=2CO takes place because the
char temperature is high enough. This rrwaction adjust the temperature level
preventing it to increase very high. Then at the location, where all oxygen
is consumed, the gas temperature and CO2 concentration reach the maximum
values. <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -36pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 54pt; mso-list: l0
level1 lfo1" class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if
!supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">III)<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>After that the carbon reacts with CO2 producing carbon monoxide
in endothermic gasification reaction CO2+C=2CO. The gas is cooled due to
this endothermic reaction. If the layer is very thick, the gas is cooled to
a temperature at which the reaction rate C+CO2=2CO becomes very
low.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>So some conclusions:<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"
class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if !supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">1.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>For a thin layer, there is only zone I producing CO.
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"
class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if !supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">2.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>For thicker layer (zone II), the exit gas contains much CO2 and
some CO. The exit gas is hot and CO may be burned introducing (preheated)
secondary air. The exit gas is hottest if the thickness of the layer is just
in the intermediate transfer regime from zone II to III.
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P style="TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2"
class=MsoListParagraph><!--[if !supportLists]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">3.<SPAN
style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><!--[endif]--><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>For a thick layer, the gas contains much CO and some CO2. Its
temperature is low and it is difficult to burn CO without highly preheated
secondary air.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>The reaction CO+˝O2=CO2 can take place also in the other
direction. This reverse reaction (dissociation) of carbon dioxide is not
significant at temperatures <1800 K.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>Regards <O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB>Jaakko<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-GB><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<DIV>
<DIV
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<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US> Stoves [<A class=moz-txt-link-freetext
href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</A>]
<B>On Behalf Of </B>Frank Shields<BR><B>Sent:</B> 18. syyskuuta 2013
0:55<BR><B>To:</B> 'Discussion of biomass cooking stoves'<BR><B>Subject:</B>
Re: [Stoves] Charcoal stove design<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><O:P></O:P></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US>Dear Crispin,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US>So the CO2 > CO is endothermic. But still needs carbon. As I
see it the only difference is the temperature changing as the gases move
around the pot. Wondering if the reading could be affected by temperature?
Perhaps amount of gas entering the instrument or something? Interesting.
Could hydrogen react with one of the oxygen in CO2 making water leaving CO?
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US>Frank<O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: teal; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<DIV>
<DIV
style="BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-TOP: 3pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; COLOR: windowtext; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US> Stoves [<A href="mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org"
moz-do-not-send="true">mailto:stoves-bounces@lists.bioenergylists.org</A>]
<B>On Behalf Of </B>Crispin Pemberton-Pigott<BR><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday,
September 17, 2013 2:01 PM<BR><B>To:</B> 'Discussion of biomass cooking
stoves'<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re: [Stoves] Charcoal stove
design<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA>My conclusion is the CO splits endothermically. It does not
happen in stoves with high EA.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA>Crispin<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US>Dear Crispin,<O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-US><snip><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA>I found that directly above the middle of a good stove (under the
pot) there is zero CO – I was amazed. But nearer the edges there is
more.<O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-CA>[Frank >] How is that possible? I thought going from CO2 >
CO could only occur be in a bed of char. This is very strange.
<O:P></O:P></SPAN></I></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></I></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-CA>Regards<O:P></O:P></SPAN></I></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-CA><O:P></O:P></SPAN></I></B></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><B><I><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: olive; FONT-SIZE: 14pt"
lang=EN-CA>Frank<O:P></O:P></SPAN></I></B></P></DIV><BR>
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