<html><head></head><body lang="EN-US" link="blue" vlink="purple" data-blackberry-caret-color="#00a8df" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: initial;"><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br style="display:initial"></div> <div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Dear Frank</div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br></div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">The challenge has been to 'bring the outdoors indoors'. </div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br></div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">It is not impossible to be 'representative' of field use in a lab. What has been missing is a tailored social science survey that gathers exactly the right information needed to be representative. </div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br></div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Regards </div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Crispin </div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br></div><div style="width: 100%; font-size: initial; font-family: Calibri, 'Slate Pro', sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); text-align: initial; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><br></div><div id="_originalContent" style=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 14 (filtered medium)"><style><!--
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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--><div class="WordSection1"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Dear Crispin,<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">I agree with all you say. Testing stoves really is an on-site and very site specific to reduce and control all the variables. But a lot more work and expense than lab tests.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Nice going to all those working on this project. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Frank<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Frank Shields<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Control Laboratories; Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">42 Hangar Way<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">Watsonville, CA 95076<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">(831) 724-5422 tel<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">(831) 724-3188 fax<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">frank@biocharlab.com<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366">www.controllabs.com<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#993366"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><div><div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in"><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> Crispin Pemberton-Pigott [mailto:crispinpigott@gmail.com] <br><b>Sent:</b> Thursday, January 23, 2014 3:07 PM<br><b>To:</b> 'Frank Shields'<br><b>Subject:</b> RE: [Stoves] Fuel and Forestry etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Dear Frank<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Some good points:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">>Unless all testing is done in the field, that is take in a group of stoves and see which one works the best then take the group of stoves to another site, I think a big discrepancy will be the fuel. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">What fuel is used to test a stove makes a difference to the performance. It would therefore be odd to test a group of stoves with a fuel you know is not available in the market area. Obviously there is no way to choose a stove operated with unavailable fuel, and then announce, “This is the best stove for that particular community based on tests performed using a fuel they do not have.”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">You would have to test the stove burning the fuels they have available to get a meaningful answer.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The reason people originally used a ‘water boiling’ cycle to evaluate performance was that the boiling and simmering represents someone’s cooking. In other words, the task was supposed to reflect typical use. The task and task length have a huge effect on the performance numbers. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Similarly the fuel used has such an effect. If the purpose of testing is to make a prediction of performance when in use in a particular place, then the tasks and fuels and operating style have to match use in that community. For these reasons car performance ratings have a city and highway rating. They are different kinds of tasks. Some people need one, some another. The combined city+highway is not useful for someone who only does one or the other. When discussing performance with a car salesman the focus is on what use the owner will make of it. I just saw a commercial on TV where a truck vendor says their truck has the best combined mileage figure. The competitor says they have the best highway consumption figure. Both are correct but not directly comparable.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The rate required for adding fuel to keep a fire going will be based on age and rot, bark, moisture etc. Not very well adapted to lab test comparisons using high quality fuel. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Why is someone using ‘high quality fuel’ to determine performance knowing that in use it will be fuelled with something else?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">So my thinking is that lab tests should be based on energy input from the fuel as was the original idea. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">That does not solve the problems of performing a comparative performance test using an inappropriate burn cycle and a fuel that is not available. Do you want the test result to predict performance relative to the baseline or not?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Then that energy value determined from lab tests converted to volume of biomass used at each specific site based on the energy determined in the biomass they are using. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">That doesn’t solve the problem either. If the metrics are mass of fuel needed, and emissions per cooking task, you have to use that fuel and do those cooking tasks (or a proxy if it).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Then we have good lab comparisons and can make good(?) estimates of how much biomass volume a specific stove will consume when used at potential sites. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">If you were to conduct an arbitrary task and use and arbitrary fuel, always the same task and same fuel, it would tell you nothing useful about how the stove will perform unless that community has the same fuel available and cooks using the same burn cycle.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">If your calculation method has errors, you won’t even have that! If you report using metrics that are not soundly chosen the result can be even more misleading.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">The results we seek are only valid for a stove+pot+fuel+user combination. That is just how it is. Vary one and you vary the final numbers. The CSI-WBT and CSI-WHT are designed to test stoves intended for particular communities or regions where the fuels and cooking cycles are reasonably known. Even the popular pots are known. That leaves the stoves as the only variable. Cooking typical meals with typical fuels in typical pots gives typical performance. Cooking atypical meals with atypical fuels in atypical pots does not. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">I think you have good parallels in your testing industry in answer to the question, “How good is this fertilizer?” </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Wingdings;color:#1F497D">J</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Regards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D">Crispin<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p></div><br><!--end of _originalContent --></div></body></html>